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fully implantable transmitters. product range. ecg, eeg, emg, sampled at 2kHz. sna ( sympathetic nerve activity ) sampled at 8kHz temperature pressure ( arterial or venous blood, bladder, pleural ), sampled at 500Hz. transmitter features (1/2). fully implantable
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product range • ecg, eeg, emg, sampled at 2kHz. • sna (sympathetic nerve activity) sampled at 8kHz • temperature • pressure (arterial or venous blood, bladder, pleural), sampled at 500Hz
transmitter features (1/2) • fully implantable • covered with medical grade silicone • completely sealed, • with no battery to be replaced • transmission up to 5m • large and small animal models available
transmitter features (2/2) • designed to be reused in multiple animals • pressure leads are filled with gel that prevents blood from entering the catheter lumen • ecg cables are filled with a biocompatible silicone to avoid contamination
transmitters • 6 types of transmitters • 1 pressure • 1 pressure + 1 biopotential • 1 biopotential • 2 biopotential • 1 SNA + 1 pressure • 1 SNA + 1 biopotential • temperature is standard in all devices • transmitters can remotely be turned on and off • no need to enter the room and disturb the animals
chargers • implants are fitted with a rechargeable battery • recharging is performed through patented inductive energy transfer • measurement from the subject may continue while the implant is recharged • there are no costs or down times due battery replacements and refurbishments
blood pressure, ecg, temperature rat data a few hours after implantation (courtesy Sanofi Aventis, France)
implants for large animals can run up to 200 hours without recharging using the remote on/off feature, allow recording of 10mn every hour for more than 6 weeks long transmission range (5m) high signal resolution ability pair or group house animals
receivers • one receiver can acquire up to 12 transmitters • open system with analog outputs, compatible with all • data acquisition systems
misconceptions about inductive energy transfer • recharging causes an increase in tissue temperature • false: continuous temperature recordings remain stable whether charging is off or on
misconceptions about inductive energy transfer • recharging influences physiological parameters • false: recordings show that blood pressure, heart rate, ecg morphology, and eeg power spectrum remain stable independent of charging status • repeated recharging has long term consequences • false: experiments of more than 130 days, performed to verify pressure sensor stability, • concurrently verified stability of all other physiological parameters
sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) by telemetry • a challenging application • small signal amplitude (+/- 60µV) • high frequency • high sampling rate required
sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) by telemetry • TR system provides • 8kHz sampling rate • integrated output with: • adjustable gain • adjustable integrator time constant • audio output
sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) by telemetry • electrodes and placement of electrodes
sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) by telemetry • sample SNA recording
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