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% HH with latrine facility Sa fai (Sanitation)

SAFAII 2010 ( S ANITATION A CCESS F OR A LL I NDIAN I NDIVIDUAL) A Snapshot of Sanitation in India 2010. An estimated 55% of all Indians, more than 600 million people, still do not have access to any kind of toilet.

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% HH with latrine facility Sa fai (Sanitation)

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  1. SAFAII 2010(SANITATION ACCESS FOR ALL INDIAN INDIVIDUAL)A Snapshot of Sanitation in India 2010 An estimated 55% of all Indians, more than 600 million people, still do not have access to any kind of toilet. Among those who make up this shocking total, Indians who live in urban slums and rural environments are affected the most. In rural areas, the scale of the problem is particularly daunting, as 74% of the rural population still defecates in the open. World Population Density Map - Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat. June 2009. SAFAII 2010

  2. BiPaSa - set out forhome in India long time ago… % HH with electricity Bijli (Electricity) % HH with safe drinking water Pani (Water) % HH with latrine facility Safai (Sanitation) BiPaSa’s whereabouts – 1992-93, 1998–99 & 2005-06 SAFAII 2010

  3. A journey of 85 years… • 1925 - ‘Sanitation is more important than political independence’ – Mahatma Gandhi • “The day every one of us gets a toilet to use, I shall know that our country has reached the pinnacle of progress” - Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India • 2010 - “There is a moral, civil, political and economic need to bring adequate sanitation to the global population – adequate for human health and adequate for ecosystem integrity” - Dr. Zafar Adeel, Chair UN-Water, Director UN University – Institute of Water, Environment & Health SAFAII 2010

  4. Reach half the way by 2015? Projected MDG Targets Target 7.C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation Source: India MDG Report, MoS&PI 2009 SAFAII 2010

  5. Pani would reach faster than waterrural water supply growing faster Percentage of households with improved drinking water source: India 1992-1993 to 2005-2006 Source: National Family Health Survey SAFAII 2010

  6. Fast forward - MDGs met in 2015 -Safai still elusive to many! Source: Drinking Water and Sanitation Status in India - Water Aid India, 2005.

  7. Urban Water and Sanitation Coverage, India Source: Drinking Water and Sanitation Status in India - Water Aid India, 2005. (Graph based on UNICEF/ WHO/ Planning Commission figures)

  8. Safai in the RED bastion! Past decade? Source: Census 2001 SAFAII 2010

  9. Another 50 years to reach? Source: NFHS surveys Little over 1% households added per year SAFAII 2010

  10. Open under the sky...stagnant Population using toilet & defecating in open - India Source: Joint Monitoring Programme 2010 : UNICEF and WHO SAFAII 2010

  11. The destination - people & their homes Source : Planning Commission / Census 2001 SAFAII 2010

  12. The load factor POPULATION DENSITYCensus 2001 State groups considered for following analysis8 EAG (Empowered Action Group) StatesUP, UA, Rajasthan, MP, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar & OrissaNE & J&KAssam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizorm, Tripura, Arunachal, Nagaland, Sikkim, J&KWesternMaharastra, Gujarat, GoaSouthernTN, AP, Karnataka, KeralaOthersPunjab, Haryana, Delhi, HP, WB SAFAII 2010

  13. Journey till 2001 and thereafter SAFAII 2010

  14. The challenges Source: Central Bureau of Health Intelligence EAG (Empowered Action Group) States: 8 states - UP, UA, Rajasthan, MP, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar & Orissa SAFAII 2010

  15. Mapping the weak tracks Total Sanitation Campaign Physical Performance July 2010 and counting… SAFAII 2010

  16. Downhill trip in West & south, climb up in EAG/NE Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  17. A track change - by demand or just willingness to pay? Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  18. Its’ a war to reach home (objective) early! Reaching the bottom of pyramid fast Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  19. Performance trend – BPL / APL Mix – in absolute figures Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  20. In EAG / NE.. slow on million count Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  21. 100%s in 2008 for West & South Source: Nirmal Gram Puraskar – Villages with 100% sanitation coverage SAFAII 2010

  22. Conservative objective – high achievement or vice versa? Source : Total Sanitation Campaign - Aug 2010 SAFAII 2010

  23. Co-incidence or correlation – Safai follows Pani in WB blocks Source: National Drinking Water Mission & Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  24. Road blocks in GPs of Dindigul, TN Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  25. Schools of thought - 2008 & after Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  26. EAG/NE targeting children! Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  27. Best community living.. West/NE Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  28. Resource Allocation Total Sanitation Campaign Financial Performance The CTC … cost to country SAFAII 2010

  29. The individual focus – 70:30 ratio Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  30. Average construction cost / IHHL last 3 years cumulative expenditure / nos. of IHHL installed Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010 30

  31. IEC for community involvement – 70:30 ratio Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  32. West invests more for IEC – Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  33. Economics of the IEC Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  34. Beneficiary contribution? Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010

  35. Average beneficiary contribution / IHHL last 3 years cumulative beneficiary contribution / nos. of IHHL installed Source : Total Sanitation Campaign SAFAII 2010 35

  36. Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger Sanitation provides economic benefits that reduce extreme poverty. Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education Improved sanitation promotes school attendance Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women Safe sanitation facilitates gender sensitive hygiene facilities at school and work; promote the attendance of menstruating girls and women. Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality In addition to reducing child mortality from diarrhea related malnutrition, improved sanitation can help to reduce morbidity for millions of other children. Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health Maternal health, child survival and access to sanitation are intricately linked. Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases Improved sanitation and hygiene reduces risk of waterborne diseases like malaria, cholera. Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability Improved water and sanitation benefits the connection between environment and health. Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development The sanitation sector is currently fragmented, with stakeholders playing diverse roles in different regions and time periods. Implication of Sanitation on MDGsExcerpts fromSanitation as a Key to Global Health: Voices from the Field - UN University – Institute of Water, Environment & Health SAFAII 2010

  37. FAQs …where is Bipasa now? When is Safai reaching? Targeting the seven Cs • Core target group – track BPL or BoP (Bottom of Pyramid)? • Community Participation – would IEC spend aid adoption? • Cost sharing – subsidize another 50 years for “zero tolerance”? • Campaign for Total Sanitation – “asset” utilization in “Nirmal” villages? • Cost effective & sustainable – Supply or demand driven approach? • CTC – Cost to Country or cost recovery? • MDG Target 7C– 2015 or later? & Total Sanitation in India? 2060 or earlier How? Monitoring “objectives” – Goals? Achievements? Sustained usage? Cost recovery? Tracking requirement – sequence? Level - district, GP, village, habitation? www.ikonet.in Contact: info@ikonet.in SAFAII 2010

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