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Copy the following on the top half of NB p. 37. What the North Wanted:. What the South Wanted:. What the Missouri Compromise Did :. Copy the following on the bottom of NB p. 37. Lesson 11.3b – The Missouri Compromise and the Monroe Doctrine.
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What the North Wanted: What the South Wanted: What the Missouri Compromise Did: Copy the following on the bottom of NB p. 37.
Lesson 11.3b – The Missouri Compromise and the Monroe Doctrine Today we will explain the growth of both nationalism and sectionalism during the Monroe administration.
What We Already Know The Louisiana Purchase opened up land west of the Mississippi River to settlement, and Americans quickly began settling there.
What We Already Know As the plantation system spread westward into new areas, so too did slavery.
What We Already Know America’s ability to stand up to the British during the War of 1812 caused a huge wave of national pride to sweep across the country, even though the war itself had ended in a draw.
The Era of Good Feelings • As nationalist feelings spread, the people’s loyalty shifted away from state governments toward the federal government. • Democratic-Republican James Monroe won the presidency in 1816 by a large majority.
The Era of Good Feelings • The Federalist Party provided little opposition to Monroe, and it soon disappeared. • This period without major political differences was called the Era of Good Feelings.
19. Why was the period after the War of 1812 known asthe Era of Good Feelings? • The Federalists party had almost died out. • The country was no longer troubled by political differences. • The slavery question had finally been settled once and for all. • The United States had scored a clear victory over Great Britain. Choose all that are true!
Settling National Boundaries • To define and expand the country’s borders meant the United States had to reach agreements with Britain and Spain. • The Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817) with Britain limited each side’s naval forces on the Great Lakes. • The Convention of 1818 set the 49th parallel as the U.S.-Canadian border as far west as the Rocky Mountains.
Settling National Boundaries • Spain and the United States disagreed on the boundaries of the Louisiana Purchase and the ownership of West Florida. • Pirates and runaway slaves used Spanish-held East Florida as a refuge. • The Seminoles of East Florida raided white settlements in Georgia.
In 1817, President Monroe ordered General Andrew Jackson to stop the Seminole raids, but Jackson also went on to claim the Floridas for the United States. When Spain protested, Monroe suggested Spain could either police the Floridas or turn them over to the United States.
In the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819, Spain handed Florida to the United States and gave up claims to the Oregon Country.
Check for Understanding A ask B: How did the Monroe administration use treaties to ease tensions between the United States and Great Britain? • The Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817) limited each side’s naval forces on the Great Lakes. • The Convention of 1818 set the 49th parallel as the U.S.-Canadian border as far west as the Rocky Mountains.
Check for Understanding B ask A: What caused tensions to grow between the United States and Spain? Tensions grew between the United States and Spain because they disagreed on the boundaries of the Louisiana Purchase and the ownership of West Florida.
Check for Understanding Also, the Spanish in East Florida sheltered pirates, runaway slaves, and Seminole raiders.
Sectional Tensions Increase At the same time nationalism was unifying the country, sectionalism was threatening to drive it apart.
Check for Understanding Be sure to re-state the question in your response! A ask B: What is sectionalism? Sectionalism is the placing of the interests of one’s own region ahead of those of the nation as a whole.
20. What is the difference between sectionalism and nationalism? • Sectionalism is loyalty to the interests of your own region of the country. • Sectionalism is a feeling of pride, loyalty, and protectiveness toward one's country. • Nationalism is loyalty to the interests of your own region of the country. • Nationalism is a feeling of pride, loyalty, and protectiveness toward one's country. Choose TWO that are true!
The United States in 1820 • The Southern was relying more on cotton and slavery. • In the Northeast, wealth was based on manufacturing and trade. • In the West, settlers wanted cheap land and good transportation. The interests of these sections were often in conflict.
Territorial expansion threatened national unity. • At the time, the United States consisted of 11 slave states and 11 free states. • This balance made it impossible for any national law banning slavery to pass in the Senate. • Southerners still worried that free states could form a majority in Congress and ban slavery altogether.
Sectional Tensions Increase • Sectionalism became a major issue when Missouri applied for statehood in 1817. • Adding Missouri as a slave state would upset the balance of power in Congress. • Northerners opposed its admission as a slave state while Southerners supported it.
21. How did territorial expansion lead to an increase in sectional tension? • Missouri wanted to enter the Union as a slave state. • Maine wanted to enter the Union as a free state. • A line dividing territories into slave and free was established. • The Rush-Bagot Agreement made Florida part of the United States.
22. Why did Missouri’s application for statehood become a major issue? Spain still claimed to own Missouri. It would upset the balance of power between the free states and the slave states. Strict constructionists claimed the Constitution did not allow states west of the Mississippi. Its proposed state constitution contained a secession clause.
The Missouri Compromise • Henry Clay, the Speaker of the House, came up with a compromise that he hoped would reduce the sectional tensions. • Clay suggested that Missouri be admitted as a slave state and Maine as a free state.
The Missouri Compromise Clay’s plan, known as the Missouri Compromise, would keep the balance of power in the Senate between the slave states and free states.
It also called for slavery to be banned from the Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36° 30', Missouri’s southern border.
23. How did the Missouri Compromise resolve a conflict between the North and South? • It divided Missouri into free counties and slave counties. • It limited the number of slaves that could be imported legally from Africa. • It kept the balance of slave and free states in the Senate by creating Maine as a free state. • It allowed Missouri to come in as a slave state, but banning slavery in the next state to enter the Union.
The Monroe Doctrine • The United States was concerned by events in Latin America. • Several European monarchies planned to help Spain and Portugal regain the colonies which had successfully fought for their independence. • U.S. leaders feared that if this happened, their own government would be in danger.
Check for Understanding A ask B: What was happening in Latin America during the Monroe administration? European monarchies were planning to help Spain and Portugal regain their colonies that had successfully fought for their independence.
The Monroe Doctrine • In December 1823, President Monroe issued a statement that became known as the Monroe Doctrine. • He warned that efforts to reestablish colonies would be seen as a threat to American peace and safety. • He promised that the U.S. would stay out of European affairs. • The Monroe Doctrine showed that the United States saw itself as a world power and protector of Latin America.
Check for Understanding B ask A: What was the Monroe Doctrine? The Monroe Doctrine was a statement of U.S. opposition to any European interference in the Western Hemisphere.
Check for Understanding President Monroe promised that the United States would stay out of European affairs. B ask A: What promise did Monroe make to European nations?
24. What was the main message of the Monroe Doctrine? • The United States would no longer honor the Treaty of Ghent. • The United States should annex Canada. • Latin America was closed to further colonization by Europe. • The United States should annex Latin America.
24. To whom was the Monroe Doctrine directed? • Territories of the United States • Latin American nations • European nations • Canada and Mexico
