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Saturated : solutions containing all the dissolved solute possible at given conditions of temperature and pressure Unsaturated : solutions containing less dissolved solute than the maximum amount that can be dissolved at given conditions of temperature and pressure
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Saturated: • solutions containing all the dissolved solute possible at given conditions of temperature and pressure • Unsaturated: • solutions containing less dissolved solute than the maximum amount that can be dissolved at given conditions of temperature and pressure • Supersaturated: • unusual solution containing more dissolved solute than is normally possible at given conditions of temperature and pressure Episode 1002
Solubility • A measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature • Dilute solution: • The amount of solute dissolved is small in relation to the amount of solvent present • Concentrated solution: • The amount of solute dissolved is large in relation to the amount of solvent present Episode 1002
Factors Affecting Solubility • Nature of the solute and solvent • “like dissolves like” • Temperature • Generally, increasing the temperature of the solution increases the solubility of a solid solute • Increasing the temperature of the solution decreases the solubility of a gaseous solute Episode 1002
Pressure • Only affects the solubility of a gaseous solute • Increasing pressure increases solubility • Decreasing pressure decreases solubility • Henry’s Law: • The mass of a gas dissolved in a given volume of liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas Episode 1002