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White Collar Crime: Examples and Consequences

This lesson explores white collar crime, including its definition, examples, and impact on society. We will also discuss theories of crime, such as biological, psychological, and sociological explanations.

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White Collar Crime: Examples and Consequences

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  1. Are you wearing your lanyards? Before we start: A quick check… Mobile phones away please

  2. A refresher of the class rules

  3. Key words from last lesson recap

  4. Key words from last lesson

  5. White Collar Crime

  6. Example of white collar crime - MP expenses scandal https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mMR2BZuqY8A

  7. Why is it hard to know how much white collar crime there is?

  8. Crimes that are committed by the working class, such as illegal gambling, damage to property, drug abuse Examples of blue collar crime

  9. Does white collar crime matter?

  10. Police response to white collar crime

  11. Crime that are committed by big companies and businesses • Examples include negligence, false advertising, lying about products, financial fraud, bribery, corporate manslaughter Corporate Crime: definition

  12. Pregnant women used thalidomide in the early 1960s for morning sickness • Children were born with missing limbs and other problems • Company had not tested the drug on pregnant women • After many years of campaigning by the families – some compensation was offered Thalidomide https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fdLDmQTBHFY

  13. Enron • Enron was the seventh largest energy company in the United States. • Enron kept millions of dollars worth of debt hidden from it’s investors • At the end of 2001, it was revealed that Enron was being sustained by institutionalized, systematic, and creatively planned accounting fraud Corporate Crime: case studies

  14. Lesson 4: Theories of crime • Learning Aim: To understand non-sociological explanations and sociological explanations of crime and deviance • Objectives of the lesson are: • Define and give an example of a biological and psychological explanation of crime and deviance • Define and give an example of a sociological theory of crime • Some students will: Explain whether socialisation is an important cause of crime GCSE Sociology: Unit 2 – extended writing: Crime and Deviance

  15. Are we born… Biological explanations of crime

  16. The idea that we act as we do because we are born that way! From Unit 1…What is the…Nature Theory Biological explanations see crime as being caused mainly by something that a person is born with.

  17. Biological explanations of crime Lombroso - a late 19th century Italian army doctor. He worked with criminals and noticed their physical features. They could be identified by their physical features, which included large ears, jaws, flat nostrils, dark skin, and high threshold to pain.

  18. This might seem far fetched now!However, other theories have developed linking criminal behaviour to the way we are born.Chemical imbalances have been blamed for people’s behaviour. Drugs such as lithium are used to treat mental health problems, such as bipolar disorder.

  19. GenesThe basic unit of DNA that decides what your physical characteristics areInvestigation into genes – looking for genes that cause certain behaviousaviourhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EcaDSJ1LplQ

  20. These explanations believe that criminal behaviour is connected to a person’s mind or personality. • Hans Eysenck –believed that personality was linked to criminal behaviour. • Extroverts more likely to become criminals Psychological explanations

  21. Biological and psychological theories focus on the individual and their characteristics as the explanation for criminal behaviour In summary…

  22. Sociologists emphasisenurturewhen explaining crime.

  23. The idea that we act as we do because we are taught how to behave by others From Unit 1…What is nurture theory?

  24. Sees individuals as influenced by the labels other people give us. E.g. If a person is labelled a ‘thief’, they may live up to that label. This is called self-fulfilling prophecy Labelling Theory

  25. The path that a person labelled a criminal follows. Deviant career

  26. Self-fulfilling prophecy

  27. Unit 1 – culture is a shared, learned way of life • A subculture is another different way of life within that. • Subcultures have different norms and values from the rest of society • Some subcultures may be criminal in nature Subcultures

  28. This approach describes the idea that the pressure to succeed encourages people to turn to crime • Robert K. Merton thought that crime took place when there was little opportunity for people to achieve their goals. Strain Theory People are socialised to want to be rich, have a big house and car. Some cannot achieve this through legal means. The overwhelming desire puts a strain on individuals, putting pressure on them to commit crime

  29. Albert Cohan - studied American society They place a strong value on placed success. Working class people may fail to be successful. So they get frustrated. So they invent their own sub culture with opposite norms and values. Gaining respect and success in the subculture. This may cause them to take part in criminal life styles. Status Frustration Albert Cohen and Status Frustration

  30. Cloward and Ohlin took Merton’s ideas a stage further and explained why subcultures take different forms. • People turn to a criminal subculture but it depends on the area you live in. • Some areas have different opportunities for criminals Criminal subcultures

  31. Al Capone - gangster Italian immigrant. He faced discrimination and was ambitious to succeed. To achieve this he got involved in a criminal subculture of organised crime

  32. Modern Day Delinquents are those who are not gaining recognition through normal ways, e.g. at school, in a sports team etc so get recognition from peers for being rebellious

  33. Explain whether socialisation is an important cause of crime (10) Stretch and Challenge Question

  34. Crime and Deviance occur as a result of a failure of socialisation, a failure of norms and values being transferred properly. E.g. For boys without a father around can lead to anti-social behaviour. • Problem children tend to grow into problem adults and then produce problem children. Peer Group influences norms and values more than primary socialisation (family). • Lack of opportunity – e.g. poor education, no jobs – causes people to lose hope but still clamour for status that can only be achieved through crime. Answer…

  35. Can also talk about status frustration, strain theory and labelling theory

  36. Task Exam Practice

  37. Check your understanding

  38. Class, gender and ethnicity What are we studying next lesson?

  39. Why do women commit 5X less crime then men? • Socialisation – girls expected to be more passive, boys expected to be tough • Opportunity – Girls tend to be more closely supervised (protected). Boys given more freedom • Biology – Are boys more susceptible to testosterone and aggression? Who Commits Crime? Gender and Crime

  40. https://create.kahoot.it/create#/edit/bcd853c6-fd5f-445a-b7a8-059926cb1789/donehttps://create.kahoot.it/create#/edit/bcd853c6-fd5f-445a-b7a8-059926cb1789/done Starter: Kahoot Quiz Learning Aim: To understand how the media can act as an agency of social control

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