1 / 22

NRS 220 Alterations in Cellular Regulation

Explore populations at risk, cellular alterations, and cancer exemplars. Learn about personal risk factors, staging, and grading of cancer. Understand how to assess and manage cellular regulation changes.

jjoyner
Download Presentation

NRS 220 Alterations in Cellular Regulation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Section 1 Populations at Risk, Assessment NRS 220 Alterations in Cellular Regulation

  2. Normal Presentation Cellular Regulation • Cell Cycle: • Mitosis- orderly well regulated growth

  3. Cell Cycle

  4. Cellular Alterations • Hyperplasia • Metaplasia • Dysplasia • Anaplasia • Primary tumor • Metastasis

  5. Cellular Alteration Exemplars • Cancer: Breast, Lung, Colon, Prostate, Skin • Anemia • Leukemia • Sickle Cell Disorder • Hodgkins • Lymphoma

  6. Populations at Risk/ Personal Risk Factors • Health History- genetic predisposition • Carcinogens ex: Smoking • Diet • Self care behaviors • Age

  7. Populations at Risk • Heredity • Age • Gender • Poverty • Stress • Sun Exposure • Diet • Occupation • Infection • Tobacco use • Alcohol use • Obesity

  8. Risk factors Courtesy of shutterstock.com

  9. Populations at Risk/ Personal Risk Factors • External factors, including environmental exposure, are responsible for about 80% of cancer in North America ( ACS, 2007b)

  10. Populations at Risk/ Personal Risk Factors • Incidence of Cancer varies among races • ACS data from 2007 show that African Americans have a higher incidence of cancer than white people and the death rate is higher

  11. CDC data • Among U.S. men, for all cancers combined— • The rate of new cancer cases is highest among black men, followed by white, Hispanic*, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Alaska Native men. • Death rates are highest among black men, followed by white, Hispanic*, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Asian/Pacific Islander men. www.cdc.gov accessed 08April10

  12. CDC data • Among U.S. women, for all cancers combined— • The rate of new cancer cases is highest among white women, followed by black, Hispanic*, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Alaska Native women.2 • Death rates are highest among black women, followed by white, American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic*, and Asian/Pacific Islander women.2 *Hispanic is not mutually exclusive from white, black, Asian/Pacific Islander, or American Indian/Alaska Native.

  13. Data • Cancer will occur in about 1 of every 3 persons currently living in North America ( ACS, 2008)

  14. Assessment Alterations in Cellular Regulation • Psychosocial components • Education of disease • Developmental assessment in children • Management of treatment side effects

  15. Psychosocial • Body image disturbance • Fear of unknown • Financial

  16. Body image disturbance Courtesy of shutterstockcom

  17. Education • Collaborative care: • what is the best method for education • who is going to receive the information?

  18. Assessment • Pediatric patients: developmental assessment • What stage is the child at?

  19. Assessment • Assessment of patients with alterations in cellular metabolism will coincide with what alterations are occurring in the patients basic needs. Ex: Managing distressing symptoms occurring with therapy

  20. Grading of Cancer • Grading system of Malignant tumors • Based on cellular aspects of the cancer • Gx-G4

  21. Staging of Cancer • Classifies clinical aspects of the cancer • American Joint Committee on Cancer developed the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) system

  22. Staging • American Joint Committee on Cancer • Stage I—tumor invades up to muscle layer • Stage II—tumor invades up to other organs or perforates peritoneum • Stage III—any level of tumor invasion and up to 4 regional lymph nodes • Stage IV—any level of tumor invasion; many lymph nodes affected with distant metastasis

More Related