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TEK 8.9 Earth and Space

TEK 8.9 Earth and Space. The student knows that natural events can impact Earth systems. The student is expected to: 8.9 A) Describe the historical development of evidence that supports plate tectonic theory. 8.9 B) Relate plate tectonics to the formation of crustal features.

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TEK 8.9 Earth and Space

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  1. TEK 8.9 Earth and Space The student knows that natural events can impact Earth systems.

  2. The student is expected to: 8.9 A) Describe the historical development of evidence that supports plate tectonic theory. 8.9 B) Relate plate tectonics to the formation of crustal features. 8.9 C) Interpret topographic maps and satellite views to identify land and erosional features and predict how these features may be reshaped by weathering.

  3. 8.9 Vocabulary Continental Drift Pangaea Plate Tectonics Mountain Building Volcano Erosion Lithosphere Seafloor spreading Divergent plate boundary Trench Topography Weathering Mid-Ocean Ridge Topographic map Asthenosphere Convergent plate boundary Transform boundary

  4. Science Starters…Watch This! The Himalayas The Ring of Fire Tsunami San Francisco Earthquake

  5. The Theory of Continental Drift -proposed by Alfred Wegner 1912 -states that all the continents were once connected in a single, large land mass -broke apart 200 million years ago and drifted slowly to their current positions -moving 1-10cm per year

  6. Pangaea • Large ancient land mass that was composed of all the continents joined together. • Greek meaning “all land”

  7. Pangaea

  8. Pieces of a Puzzle

  9. Fossil (plant/animal) Record

  10. Rock Type and Structure

  11. Climate

  12. Evidence of Continental Drift • Pieces of a Puzzle • Fossil Record (similar fossils found on different continents) • Rock Type and Structure(similar rocks found on different continents) • Climate (fossils of plants and animals not suited for current climate of continent)

  13. Pangaea

  14. The Theory of Plate Tectonics -proposed by Harry Hess in 1960’s -describes and explains the way that continents separated into today’s land masses from Pangaea (one large ancestral land mass).

  15. Lithosphere -the outermost layer of the Earth’s surface, which is rocky and solid. -includes the crust and the rigid part of the upper mantle. -Includes the tectonic plates that move on semi liquid mantle

  16. **Asthenosphere** Scientists believe that convection currents within the asthenosphere are responsible for the movement of the plates that form the Earth's crust.

  17. Lithospheric Plates

  18. Watch This Continental Drift Bill Nye Layers of the Earth

  19. The student is expected to: 8.9 A) Describe the historical development of evidence that supports plate tectonic theory. 8.9 B) Relate plate tectonics to the formation of crustal features. 8.9 C) Interpret topographic maps and satellite views to identify land and erosional features and predict how these features may be reshaped by weathering.

  20. Plate Boundariesand Land Formations

  21. Divergent Boundary • “Di-”meaning two • Boundaries in which plates move apart • Results in a Rift Valley or Mid Ocean Ridge

  22. Seafloor Spreading -Theory proposed by Harry Hess 1960 -States that new seafloor is formed when magma is forced upward toward the surface at a mid-ocean ridge. • Divergent boundaries

  23. Seafloor Spreading

  24. Mid Ocean Ridge -an underwater volcanic mountain range -typically has a valley known as a rift running along its spine

  25. Mid Ocean Ridge

  26. Mid Ocean Ridge

  27. Convergent Boundary -“con-” meaning together -Boundaries that come together -results in mountain building

  28. Convergent Boundary (subduction) -the process in which one lithospheric plate slides under another -can result in volcanoes and a trench.

  29. Transform Boundary -Boundaries run transversely to each other. • Slide past each other -Creates fault lines • Origin of earthquakes

  30. Transform Boundary

  31. Hayward Fault LineBerkely, California

  32. University of CaliforniaMemorial Stadium

  33. B A IV I D II III C

  34. The student is expected to: 8.9 A) Describe the historical development of evidence that supports plate tectonic theory. 8.9 B) Relate plate tectonics to the formation of crustal features. 8.9 C) Interpret topographic maps and satellite views to identify land and erosional features and predict how these features may be reshaped by weathering.

  35. Topographic Map A topographical map is one that shows the physical features of the land. Besides just showing landforms such as mountains and rivers, the map also shows the elevation changes of the land. Elevation is shown using contour lines.

  36. Topographic Map

  37. Contour line (contour) -connects points of the same elevation (height above sea level). -closed contours indicate hills.

  38. Contour Lines

  39. Contour interval -difference in the elevation between any two contour lines on a topographic map

  40. Contour Interval

  41. Slope Contour lines spaced far apart Shallow slope Contour lines spaced close together Steep slope Contour lines spaced evenly Constant slope

  42. Index contour - a contour line that is darker than nearby lines and has its elevation labeled.

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