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Understanding Government and Citizenship: Functions, Levels, and Rights

This informative article explores the functions of government, including maintaining order, providing public services, and guiding the community. It also explains the three levels of government and the various forms of democracy. Additionally, it delves into the process of becoming a citizen, differentiating between legal and illegal aliens, and understanding loss of citizenship. The article also discusses the reasons behind immigration and the diversity of the American population. Finally, it touches on the factors influencing population movement and explores the concepts of love for country and terrorism.

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Understanding Government and Citizenship: Functions, Levels, and Rights

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  1. Bellwork • Why do you think we need a government?

  2. What is Civics? The study of the rights and duties of citizens.

  3. Functions of the government • 1. Keep order and provide security • Make and enforce laws • Set up armed forces 2. Provide public services • create hospitals, schools, libraries, parks • Provide transportation, supply water, build bridges, deliver mail • Helps needy people

  4. 3. Guide the community Public policy- develop guidelines Create a budget Develop relationships with neighbors Functions of Government

  5. 3 levels of government • Federal- creates laws for the whole country • State- provides public services, creates laws for the state • Local- keeps order

  6. Define • 1. Government • 2. Direct democracy • 3. Dictatorship • 4. Representative democracy • 5. Democracy

  7. How do people become citizens? • Born on US soil • Parents are both US citizens • If one parent is a US citizen and you are born overseas

  8. Naturalization • Must be 18 • 1. Sign a Declaration of Intention • 2. File the Declaration with the USCIS • 3. Live in the US for 5 years • 4. Interview with USCIS • 5. Take the citizenship test • 6. Take an Oath of Allegiance

  9. Aliens • People who come to the US and are not a citizen of the US • If they come to live then they are an immigrant • They must have permission from the government to be here • The government only allows a limited number of people to come here in a year.

  10. Illegal Aliens • Sneak into the US • Illegal to hire for work • Will be deported (sent back home)

  11. Legal Aliens • Have permission to be in the US • Can work • Pay taxes • Cannot vote, work in US government, and must carry an ID card

  12. Loss of Citizenship • Move to another country and become a citizen of another country (most common) • The government can strip away naturalized citizenship away • Once you lose your citizenship then you can’t get it back

  13. Homework • What is “naturalization”? • What is the first step an alien takes to become a citizen? • What is the difference between an alien and an immigrant? • Why do you think aliens come to America? • Why would government officials deport someone? • What are some of the differences between a legal alien and a natural-born US citizen?

  14. Where did people come from and why? • Europe-Explore, get new land, provide a better life, and flee from wars or lack of food. • Africa- Most came as slaves from 1600-1800 • Today people are coming from Asia and Latin America for a better life

  15. A Diverse Population • 211 million – European • 35 million – African American • 35 million – Latin American • 2.5 million - Native American • 11 million- Asia

  16. Where did all the people go? • 1800s people lived in rural areas • 1900s people migrated to cities for work in factories • After the Civil War African American migrated to the North • Today people are migrating to the Southwest and South because of weather and to find jobs.

  17. Drop In Birth Rate • People don’t want kids • More are moving to the cities • Kids cost too much

  18. Love and Hate • Patriotism- to show love for your country • Terrorism- to use violence by groups against civilians to achieve political goals

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