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Decoding Nonverbal Messages: Enhancing Communication Skills

Discover the power of nonverbal communication, its functions, codes, and interpretations. Learn how to effectively use and interpret nonverbal messages to enhance your communication abilities.

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Decoding Nonverbal Messages: Enhancing Communication Skills

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  1. Chapter 4 Understanding Nonverbal Messages

  2. Preview of Chapter 4 Chapter 4: Understanding Nonverbal Messages • What is Nonverbal Communication? • Why Focus on Nonverbal Communication? • How Does Nonverbal Function? • What are the Nonverbal Codes? • How Can We Interpret NV Messages more effectively?

  3. Effectively use and interpret nonverbal messages Communication Principles Chapter 4: Understanding Nonverbal Messages

  4. What is Nonverbal Communication? • Communication other than ______ or ______ “language” that creates meaning for someone. (page 84)

  5. Why Focus on Nonverbal Communication? • Nonverbal messages communicate feelings and attitudes • Face channels 55% of our emotional meaning • Vocal cues convey 38% of our emotional meaning • Nonverbal messages are more believable. • NV messages are not very conscious and harder to control • This is referred to as “Nonverbal Leakage” “Poker Face”

  6. Nonverbal Leakage?

  7. How Does Nonverbal Function?6 Ways • Substitute • Accent • Repeat • Regulate • Complement • Contradict

  8. Definitions of NV Functions Substitute: • NV substitute for V message • You don’t have to say anything at all because the NV message will substitute for the verbal message • Ex: extended thumb, give the finger • Ex: Breaking Bad: Mike wants the keys from Walt http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NxLCSen9xrw • KEWORD: Instead of

  9. Definitions of NV Functions Accent: • NV reinforces a verbal message, adds intensity or emotion • NV and V happen at the same time • Ex: I say you must know this section of the book for the test while pounding my fist on the book • KEYWORD: show emotion or adds intensity

  10. Definitions of NV Functions Repeat: • NV message follows V message, one after the other • V and NV message do not occur at the same time • Ex: Saying “I love you” and then giving a hug • KEYWORDS: after, then, next

  11. Definitions of NV Functions Regulate: • Control flow of conversation using NV • Ex: Looking at your book when your teacher asks a question • Ex: Awkward Elevator • KEYWORDS: control, influence, monitor

  12. Definitions of NV Functions Complement • Clarify and extend meaning of V message used in conjunction with each other • Verbally describing and using NV gestures to help reinforce the verbal meaning • Ex: Describing a dress • KEYWORDS: same time, together, at once, while

  13. Definitions of NV Functions Contradict • NV does not match V • Ex: Your partner says she is not upset with you but she will not make eye contact • KEYWORDS: opposite, opposed, differing

  14. Can NV Functions overlap? • Example: Old School: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zT2ae1WkuC0&feature=player_embedded

  15. Assessing Your Learning • What statement illustrates a person using nonverbal cues to complement a message? • A person pointing while giving you directions. • A person saying hello followed by a wave. • A person saying “I don’t have an attitude problem” while stomping his foot on the word “attitude.” • A person holding up her hand to interrupt another person.

  16. What are the Nonverbal Codes? • Appearance • Body Movement, Gesture, and Posture • Facial Expressions • Haptics • Paralanguage • Physical Environment

  17. What are the Nonverbal Codes? • Appearance • Artifacts • Dress • Body Type • Physical attractiveness

  18. Artifacts Mark Knapp's nonverbal slides UT Austin

  19. Artifacts Mark Knapp's nonverbal slides UT Austin

  20. Artifacts

  21. Dress

  22. Body Type Can you tell who are athletes based on their body type?

  23. Body Type Through NVs, we might be able to infer about eating habits.

  24. Identifying the Standards of Physical Attractiveness (Women) • Facial Symmetry • Big eyes • Long hair • Big lips • High cheekbones

  25. Identifying the Standards of Physical Attractiveness (Men) • Facial Symmetry • Height • Cheekbones • High forehead • Muscular features

  26. NV Codes: Kinesics • Kenesics – Refers to the study of human movements, gesture, and posture.

  27. Categories of Kinesics • Emblems – NV cue that has a specific meaning in a given culture that may substitute for a word or phrase • Index finger: come here • Illustrators – GeneralNV behaviors that accompanies a V message by contradict, complement, accent • Yawing but claiming your not tired.

  28. Categories of kinesics • Affect Displays – NV behavior that communicates emotion • Friends: Joey isn’t a gracious loser http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMDHD-fHz0Q • Regulators – a NV behavior that helps control the level or interaction • Raise eyebrows, Open mouth when we want to speak • Adaptor - a NV behavior that helps satisfy a personal need and allows a person to adapt to a situation • Typically referred to as a thinking habit. • Shaking leg /Chewing fingernails

  29. Interesting applications of kinesics • Quasi-courtship Behavior - “flirting” • Courtship readiness: suck in your stomach • Preening :Comb your hair, fix your tie • Positional Cues :Turn towards the person, walk their direction • Appeals to Invitation: shake their hand but hold it longer, “accidentally” bump into them

  30. Vocalics • Paralanguage – NV aspects of the voice • Tone, Rate, Volume, Silence • Back-Channel Cues – Cue that indicates whether you want to speak or not • “uh hu” • Response Latencies – Amount of time it takes to respond • “Are you there?”

  31. Proximics • Proximics – The study of space (page 97) • Intimate Space (0 to 1.5 feet) – spouse, family • Personal Space (1.5 to __ feet) – friends, family • Social Space (___ to 12 feet) – teams, meetings • Public Space (___ feet and ____) – public speaking

  32. What type of space is this? Mark Knapp's nonverbal slides UT Austin

  33. Territoriality • Space violations • We use space to provide information about power, status and intimacy • Ex: Studying at the library • Territorial markers • We use space and objects to communication occupancy or ownership of a space • Ex: Seats we choose in class

  34. Space Violations Mark Knapp's nonverbal slides UT Austin

  35. Territorial Markers

  36. Territorial Markers Mark Knapp's nonverbal slides UT Austin

  37. Haptics • Haptics – The study of human touch • Touch is the most powerful form of nonverbal communication and the most misunderstood • Intimate human contact is vital to our personal development and well being • Kangaroo care: • http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/38988444/ns/today-parenting_and_family/t/moms-hug-revives-baby-was-pronounced-dead/

  38. Haptics • Even dogs prefer touch over verbal praise! • Dogs Prefer Petting Way More Than You Thought • http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/07/dogs-prefer-petting-study_n_5772368.html

  39. How to interpret nonverbal cues more accurately • Mehrabian’s 3 part framework: • Immediacy - the perception of physical and psychological closeness between communicators. • Communicates feelings of closeness and liking (eye contact, open posture, smiling, etc.) • Arousal - The degree to which a person is stimulated or activated • Communicates active interest and excitement (i.e. vocal expression, touch, facial expression) • Dominance - the disposition of an individual to assert control in dealing with others. • Communicates status, position, and importance (i.e. body position, use of space, etc.)

  40. Interpreting NV Cues

  41. Assessment of Chapter # 4 Chapter 4: Understanding Nonverbal Messages 1. List and define 3 of the 6 NV functions. 2. Provide an example of a NV function that you use during interactions. 3. List 3 NV codes discussed today. 4. Provide an example of an immediacy cue, arousal cue, and dominance cue

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