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Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development: Milestones for Success

This document discusses the key milestones and factors in the development of nuclear power infrastructure, including government roles, legal frameworks, funding, and stakeholder involvement.

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Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development: Milestones for Success

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  1. International Atomic Energy Agency: Milestones for Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development Opening Remarks - Finance PAUL M. MURPHY Senior Counsel Bechtel Power Corporation Vienna, Austria November 8, 2007

  2. National Position Management Legislative Framework Regulatory Framework Stakeholder Involvement Site & Supporting Facilities Environmental Protection Nuclear Fuel Cycle Industrial Involvement Procurement Nuclear Safety Safeguards Radiation Protection Electrical Grid Human Resources Development Emergency Planning Security & Physical Protection Radioactive Waste The Journey: 19 Milestones • Role of Government • Leadership / Commitment • Legal Framework & Rule of Law • Institution Building Funding & Financing

  3. Key Motivations • Overall Growth in Demand for Energy • Linkage between energy and development • Energy Security / Self-Reliance • Energy Diversity

  4. 31 Trillion kWh 13 ICAPP 04 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 Year World Overview 9 • Global electricity demand to increase 50% by 2025 • 1.6%/yr for industrial world • 3.6%/yr for developing world 6.4 Billions (people) ICAPP 04 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 Year

  5. World OverviewPercent Growth in Nuclear Capacity 137% Percent Growth (GWe) Developing Nations Industrial Nations

  6. World OverviewForecasted Nuclear Capacity Mature Market Economies (industrial nations) Asia GWe Capacityy Western Europe North America Asia Western Europe North America

  7. World OverviewForecasted Nuclear Capacity Emerging Economies (developing nations) Other Asia GWe Capacityy Europe And Eurasia Other Asia Europe and Eurasia

  8. World OverviewU.N. Human Development Index 1.0 Japan France UK U.S. Canada Germany Australia Russia China 0.6 India Pakistan 0.3 4,000 8,000 12,000 Annual Electricity Use kWh/Capita

  9. Key Motivations • Overall Growth in Demand for Energy • Linkage between energy and development • Energy Security / Self-Reliance • Energy Diversity • Economics • Low operational costs relative to other forms of power

  10. United States PerspectiveElectricity Production Costs 1995–2005 (averages in 2005 cents per kWhr) 2005 Oil 8.09 Gas 7.51 Coal 2.21 Nuclear 1.72 Production costs = operations and maintenance costs + fuel costs Source: Global Energy Decisions 05

  11. Key Motivations • Overall Growth in Demand for Energy • Linkage between energy and development • Energy Security / Self-Reliance • Energy Diversity • Economics • Low operational costs relative to other forms of power • Emissions / Global Warming

  12. World OverviewQuick Facts—Nuclear • 16% of world’s electricity • Displaces 2.5 billion metric tons of CO2/year • 38 GW brought on line or under construction since 2000

  13. World OverviewLife Cycle CO2 Emissions Analyses Tonnes CO2-equiv/GWeh Coal Natural Gas Nuclear Hydro Biomass Wind Solar PV Geo-thermal

  14. Key Motivations • Overall Growth in Demand for Energy • Linkage between energy and development • Energy Security / Self-Reliance • Energy Diversity • Economics • Low operational costs relative to other forms of power • Emissions / Global Warming • Note: Drivers are different, depending on national situation

  15. High Capital Costs Long Construction Periods Return on Investment is an Issue First-of-a-Kind Risk Sustainability of Government Commitment Regulatory Uncertainty Commitment to International Regimes Financing Issues Supply Chain Fuel Cycle Operational Success & Safety Culture Human Resources

  16. Scale Cost Development / Construction Period Safety Public Perception / Public Relations What makes nuclear power unique?

  17. United States PerspectiveIncreasing Public Support Important for our energy future 91% Favor use of nuclear energy 82% Keep the option to build nuclear plants 84% Definitely build nuclear plants in future 77% Accept new reactors at nearest plant 71% Summer 2007 survey of residents living near Nuclear power plants. Source: Bisconti Research Inc.

  18. Scale Cost Development / Construction Period Safety Public Perception / Public Relations Regulatory Environment Fuel Cycle Site Security International Features Treaty Regimes / Legal Framework Cross-Border Non-Proliferation What makes nuclear power unique? • Interdependence of the Nuclear Industry • Impact of Success/Failure • Being Part of the “Nuclear Club” • Commitment to Excellence

  19. Parties Involved In a Nuclear Power Project Government ECAs Regulation & Licensing Financial Commitments Treaty Commitments & National Law Commercial Banks Spent Fuel Management Financing Entities Government Multilaterals Decommissioning Public NSSS Suppliers Offtakers Fuel Supply Operators EPC Contractor Owners Human Capital Labor Subcontractors Risk Allocation? Equipment & Material Suppliers Consultants PROJECT

  20. Concluding Thoughts • There is no one, right way to achieve success • However, there are certain fundamental principles that will enhance the chances of success

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