Culture – the total knowledge, shared attitudes, & behaviors of the members of a society

1. CULTURE Culture – the total knowledge, shared attitudes, & behaviors of the members of a society - Enculturation– the process of people learning their culture : We learn from parents, grandparents, teachers, friends, TV, etc. : Race is not a culture, but it can influence culture

2. Culture changes constantly (Change & Exchange) Two ways culture can change: - Innovation – something that happens within a society - creating something new to meet a need - Introduction – something from outside the society causes it to change – on purpose or by accident : Diffusion – spread of ideas, inventions & patterns of behavior through contact with each other : Acculturation – when a society accepts or adopts ideas that are exchanged – can create radical change – either positive or negative • Cultural Hearth- site of innovation where ideas, materials and technology diffuse to many cultures

3. Cultural Changes Major Changes of cultures throughout history: - Discovery of "Fire!" - Development of tools & discovery of metal - Development of agriculture - Development ofwriting

4. Four Parts of Culture Four things that make up a culture: 1) Language – a must for a culture to exist, one of most important factors - Communicates ideas & feelings - Helps establish an identity and sense of unity - nationalism - Constantly changes - Linguists divide language into 3 levels: : Standard / Official : Slang : Dialects - change in speech patterns related to education, class, region, etc. - Over 3,000 languages in world today

5. Language Diffusion • Follow trade routes or even be invented • Blended language aides communication among different groups • Louisiana Creole • Migration- take their languages with them • Languages brought with colonists to the New World

6. Street Slang

7. 2)Technology- tools & skills and the ability to make or use them -Modern Societies: :Use tools and machines : Change constantly - Traditional Societies live & work like our ancestors using simple tools Pecking order - Developed countries use high tech tools - Developing countries learning to use high tech tools - Under Developed countries use no high tech tools

8. 3)Institutions - Education– how, for how long, what subjects - Government – what kind? rights? Role of the citizen - Economic System – what kind and how does it work? - Family – basic social / cultural group : Nuclear – 2 adults (usually male & female) + kids : Extended – same as nuclear plus grandparents, uncles/aunts etc. : Matriarchal – mother is the head : Patriarchal – father is the head : Single parent – mother or father + kids

9. 4) Belief System –system of truth / facts accepted by a society or group of people that determine how we live our lives - Includes: :Dress : Food : Religion : Recreation : Relationships : Art & literature • - Belief systems are neither right or wrong. • They vary from one culture to another

10. Culture Collage • In your group, you should find two examples of innovation, two examples of diffusion and two examples of acculturation. • Each set of examples should include a visual and written part. • You should also find an example (written only )of how language reflects society, an example of dialect and language diffusion. • Each example should have a caption explaining each.