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HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. POLITICAL. ECONOMIC. CULTURAL. POPULATION. URBAN. Culture. The total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by the numbers of a specific group. Put what you think makes up culture in this circle. Culture. Government. Food. Family Interaction.

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HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

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  1. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY POLITICAL ECONOMIC CULTURAL POPULATION URBAN

  2. Culture The total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by the numbers of a specific group.

  3. Put what you think makes up culture in this circle. Culture

  4. Government Food Family Interaction Shelter Culture Music Language Art Dance Education Religion

  5. Cultural Exchange Innovation An idea is created EX: Hummer Vehicle Diffusion The idea is spread EX: Military uses the HumV in the field Acculturation A culture adopts the idea EX: The masses begin to drive the vehicle for recreational use

  6. LANGUAGE

  7. There are between 3000 and 6500 different languages spoken in the world today!!! 1. Chinese – Mandarin 2. Spanish 3. English 4. Hindi 5. Arabic 6. Bengali 7. Portuguese 8. Russian 9. Japanese 10. German

  8. Language Tree

  9. RELIGION

  10. Monotheistic • 1 God • Christianity, Judaism, and Islam are examples.

  11. Polytheistic • Belief in many Gods. • Hinduism and ancient Greek and Egyptian religions are examples.

  12. Animistic or Traditional • Often a belief in the divine forces of nature • Native Americans and Paganism

  13. World Religions

  14. 5 Major World Religions • Christianity • Islam • Hinduism • Buddhism • Judaism

  15. QUICK CHECK! • Hold a number using your hand: • Monotheism is the belief in how many gods? • ONE! • Polytheism is the belief in how many gods? • MORE THAN ONE!

  16. Population Geography

  17. Population Geography • Study of the population characteristics of different areas. • Guess what the world population is? • 6.8 billion • United States? • 310 million

  18. Population Terms • Birthrate – live births per 1000 of the population. • Fertility Rate – Average number of children a woman has. • Mortality Rate – Number of deaths per 1000 people. • Infant Mortality Rate – Number of deaths among infants under age of one per 1000 live births.

  19. World Mortality Rate

  20. Population Pyramids • A GRAPH THAT • SHOWS AGE & SEX • DISTRIBUTION OF A • POPULATION.

  21. Population Pyramid -How can you tell the Congo’s population is growing? -Why is there a bulge in the United States for ages 30-59?

  22. QUICK CHECK • ON THE SIDE OF YOUR NOTES- MATCH THE DESCRIPTION WITH THE APPROPRIATE LETTER: _____1. Infant Mortality Rate _____2. Fertility Rate _____3. Birthrate A. live births per 1000 B. avg. # of children a woman has C. number of deaths among infants under 1 yr. per 100 live births

  23. POPULATION DISTRIBUTION • Population is NOT distributed evenly • 1. climate 2. food source 3. water source • Push-Pull Factors: • Push- out of an area (centrifugal) • Environment conditions- drought, flood • Political reasons- war, economy • Pull- into an area (centripetal) • Economy doing well • Job opportunities

  24. Population Density • Describes how heavily populated an area is… • Divide the # of people by total amount of land they occupy: • Misleading for a nation = some areas are more sparsely populated (Think USA and the states) • Carrying capacity = # of organisms a piece of land can support area People

  25. Population Density Maps

  26. DFW San Antonio Houston

  27. QUICK CHECK! • Discuss with a neighbor two things your learned about Population Geography • (YOU WILL BE SHARING!)

  28. Urban Geography

  29. Urban Geography • Study of how people use space in a city.

  30. Key terms • The growth of cities is urbanization. • City – Areas with large populations that are centers for business and culture. • Suburbs – Political units touching the central city or another suburb. • Exurbs – Smaller cities or towns with open land between them and the central city. • Metropolitan Area – When a city, suburbs, and exurbs link together economically. • Megalopolis – When multiple metro areas overlap.

  31. Urban Areas Exurb Suburb City Metropolitan Area Megalopolis

  32. QUICK CHECK • THUMBS UP (yes)– THUMBS DOWN (no) • We live in a suburb of Dallas Ft. Worth • The main reason cities locate where they do is because of scenery

  33. Political Geography

  34. Nations of the World State – Independent unit that occupies a territory. “Country” EX: USA, Russia, France Nation – Refers to a group of people with similar culture living within a territory. EX: Americans, Russians, French Nation State – When a nation and a state occupy the same territory. EX: USA, Denmark, Mexico Stateless Nation – When a nation has no territory. EX: Palestinians, Kurds, and Basques

  35. Growing in Number • In 1900 there were only 57 countries. • In 2000 there were 192 countries. • Today there are 195 countries.

  36. What is the largest state / country? Russia with an area over 17 million square km ! That is 1.8 times the size of the U.S..

  37. What is the smallest state / country? • Vatican City (Holy See) has a area of .44 square km. • That is less than 140 acres! • It is also landlocked. That means it is surrounded by land with no direct access to the sea.

  38. There are 195 Nation States. And that number is growing!

  39. Democracy • Citizens hold the power either directly or through elected representation.

  40. Monarchy • A ruling family headed by a king or queen holds political power and may or may not share power with citizen bodies.

  41. Dictatorship • An individual or group holds complete political power. Cuba’s Castro North Korea’s Kim Jong Il Soviet Union’s Stalin

  42. Economic Geography

  43. KEY TERM • Economy: Production and exchange of goods and services among a group of people • operate at local, national and international level • Economic System: The way people produce and exchange goods and services: 1. Traditional 2. Command 3. Market 4. Mixed

  44. Traditional/Barter Economy • Goods and services are traded without using money.

  45. Market/Demand/Capitalism/Free Enterprise Economy • Production of goods and services are determined by demand from consumers.

  46. Command Economy • Production of goods and services is determined by the government. Production does not necessarily reflect consumer demand.

  47. Economic Activitiesdescribe how materials are turned into goods or services are delivered to consumers 1. Primary– Gather raw materials 2. Secondary– Manufacture products 3. Tertiary– Provide services 4. Quarternary–Provide info& management

  48. Economic Activities Quaternary Research, management Tertiary Teachers, doctors Secondary Factories, manufacturing Primary Farming, fishing, mining

  49. Economic Support Systems • Infrastructure is the basic support system need to keep an economy going. • Think about GHS…what things MUST we have in order for school to function properly? • Power, communication systems, transportation, water, sanitation, authority, food supply

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