Writing-To-Win: 5-Step Protocol

1. Writing-To-Win: 5-Step Protocol SSUSH19: The student will identify the origins, major developments, and domesticimpact of World War II, especially on the growth of the federal government. 3 “I can” statements. 15 mins. to complete

2. SSUSH19: The student will identify the origins, major developments, and the domestic impact of World War ll, especially the growth of the federal government. World War ll

3. DO NOW: • On Standard 19 notes, do the following: • List some differences between World War I and World War II. • Plan to discuss the differences.

4. a. Explain A. Philip Randolph’s proposed march on Washington, D.C., and President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s response. • A. Philip Randolph marched to D.C. to fight against segregation in the US Armed Forces. • Establishing protections against Discrimination. • Tried to pressure the government and President FDR into equal rights for everyone to be in the Military. • “If it cost money to finance a march on Washington, let Negroes pay for it. If any sacrifices are made for Negro rights in National Defense, let Negroes make them.”

5. FDR’s Response • Tried to persuade Randolph out of it. • When persuasion failed, Executive order 8802 was issued. Barring discrimination in defense industries and federal bureaus. • The Fair Employment Act • Required all contracts of Federal Agencies have a provision stating not to “discriminate against someone of a different race, color, creed, or nationality in reasons of employment.” • When this occurred, the March was called off.

6. b. Explain the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the internment of Japanese- Americans, German-Americans, and Italian-Americans. Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor • Also called “Operation Z” by Japanese Imperial General Headquarters. • Surprise attack on Pearl Harbor • December 7th, 1941 • Conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy • War Declared on Japan the next day. • Resulting into the US entry into World War ll.

7. Question • Where is Pearl Harbor located? • Why is this a vital spot for the Japanese to attack?

8. Main Goals of the Japanese for the Attack • Destroy the Aircraft Carriers • They were out at sea, away from the Harbor. • Destroy as many of the other ships as possible (Mainly Battleships)- USS Arizona completely sunk killing 1177 crew members. • Cripple the US Navy in attempt to immobilize them for a target of 6 months • Destroy the Oil Supply • Would potentially immobilize the Pacific Fleet for a estimated span of 2 years.

12. Question • What is an internment camp? • How do you think that this is different than a concentration camp?

13. Japanese Internment • Relocation and Internment of approx. 110,000 Japanese American citizens. • Japanese Americans who were too close to the Pacific Coast. • Government afraid of spies. • Referred to as “War Relocation Camps” • FDR authorized the Internment with Executive order 9066 on February 19th, 1942 • Allowed Military commanders to designate exclusion areas for Japanese American “terrorist”.

14. f. Compare the geographic locations of the European Theater and the Pacific Theater and the difficulties the U.S. faced in delivering weapons, food, and medical supplies to troops. European Theater • Fighting was primarily land-based • Large scale bombing raids • More countries involved • German soldier tended to surrender when defeat was apparent Pacific Theater • Fighting was primarily at sea or launched from sea • Island hopping & island invasions • More up-close fighting • Japanese land soldiers & Kamikaze pilots would fight to the death

15. c. Explain major events; include the lend-lease program, the Battle of Midway, D-Day, and the fall of Berlin. Lend Lease Program • Was a program under the United States • Supplied UK, Soviet Union, China, France and other allied nations with a vast amounts of war material • 1941-1945 • Signed into law on March 11th, 1941 • This act ended American neutrality • Hitler recognized this and in response ordered German submarines to attack U.S vessels

16. Battle of Midway • Was the most important naval battle in the Pacific in WWII • June 4-7 1942, approx six months after Pearl Harbor • Major win for the U.S, as they defeated the Imperial Japanese Navy • Caused irreparable damage to the Japanese Fleet • Led to the beginning of “Island-Hopping”

17. Battle of Midway • How did the Battle of Midway change the war in the Pacific?

18. Island-Hopping • Counter-offensive strike • Capture specific islands to take power away from the elite Japanese pacific fleet. • Gen. MacArthur • Commander of Allied forces in the SW Pacific

19. D-Day • The landing of the Allied invasion along the beaches of Normandy, France • AKA Operation Overlord and Neptune during WWII • June 6th 1944 • Conducted in two phases: • Air Assault- landing of 24,000 British, American, Canadian, and Free French airborne troops. • Amphibious landing- of Allied infantry on the coast of France • Mass numbers of casualties on both sides • Allied Victory!

20. Facts of D-Day • Was the largest amphibious invasion of all time, with 160,000 troops (What does amphibious mean?) • Over 5,000 ships were in use • Total width of the D-Day invasion= 61.7 miles • Until the very last minute, Normandy was the most heavily guarded secret • 17 Million maps supported the mission, Training maps used fake names

22. Saving Private Ryan • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uPU4p7UQOtU&feature=fvsr • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OqSg7WO4tT4

23. Fall of Berlin • Final Chapter of the destruction of Hitler’s 3rd Reich. • April 16th, 1945 • Stalin’s 20 armies (Russia) • 6300 tanks and 8500 aircraft • Allies held off to give Soviets a Free-Hand • Huge Artillery Barrage and Air-Raid on April 20th….. Hitler’s Birthday.

24. d. Describe war mobilization, as indicated by rationing, war-time conversion, and the role of women in war industries.

25. Question • What does mobilization mean? • What does rationing mean?

26. War Mobilization • To prepare the country for war Roosevelt created the War Production Board to help regulate the switch to war time production • The automobile industry switched to almost exclusively making tanks, jeeps, trucks, and airplanes

27. Rationing • With the onset of WWII, many challenges confronted the American people • Rationing of food, gas, and even clothing were common • Americans were asked to conserve on everything

28. Role of Woman • Over 6 million woman took wartime jobs in factories or took the filling role for men • 3 million woman volunteered with the red cross • And over 200,000 woman served in the military • The most famous propaganda tool used to draw women into the workforce was “Rosie the Riveter”

29. Question • When did women also work outside of the home when men were off at war?

30. e. Describe Los Alamos and the scientific, economic, and military implications of developing the atomic bomb. Los Alamos and the Atom Bomb • Also known as “Site Y” and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. • Los Alamos, New Mexico • Largest science and technology institution in the world. • One of the places the atomic bomb was created.

31. Question • Where were the two atomic bombs dropped at?

32. The Atomic Bomb • We wanted to beat the Germans. • Develop the bomb and create enriched Uranium before the Nazis did. • Manhattan Project • $2 billion ($22 billion today) • 30 different sites. 10 on Manhattan Island (Project Name) • Made it for intimidation….. Turned into a weapon of Mass Destruction. • We dropped 2 on Japan in the cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki • This totally devastated their country.

33. Fat Man and Little Boy(The bombs dropped on Japan by the Enola Gay) Hit Nagasaki Hit Hiroshima

40. Question • What do you think happens as a result of the dropping of the atomic bombs?