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Common Errors on Duiker 18/20. AP World History 2013-2014. Question No. 1. Which of the following is NOT an accurate theory historians propose as to why the Scientific Revolution occurred in Europe and not China ?
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Common Errors on Duiker 18/20 AP World History 2013-2014
Question No. 1 Which of the following is NOT an accurate theory historians propose as to why the Scientific Revolution occurred in Europe and not China? • The sense of order in Europe was conducive to the discipline necessary to conduct complex scientific experiments • Christian belief that nature was under the dominion of man and man was made to manipulate and dominate it inspired scientific experimentation. • Many Chinese scholars were pre-occupied with the affairs of government and were not free to pursue scientific discovery. • Science offered a way for Europeans to better exploit natural resources and create wealth from these resources.
Question No. 2 What Enlightenment ideal was most important in the disagreement between England and its American colonies? • Taxes should not be levied on a nation's citizens unless the tax is just and fair. • Society should keep government and religion separate and that a state-sanctioned religion should be prohibited. • People give their consent to be governed and can remove that consent if the government rules unjustly. • The freedom to speak out against the actions of the government should be protected by that same government.
Question No. 3 How did Frederick the Great of Prussia fit the description of an enlightened absolute ruler? • He allowed his people to practice all of the Enlightenment ideals including unlimited freedom of speech and complete religious toleration. • He acted like a paternal figure to his people, providing support and freedom when he chose to but kept a strict hold on his power through intimidation and force. • He invited Voltaire to live at his court for several years. • He immersed himself in culture and avoided participation in politics.
Question No. 4 The French social order can best be described as: • A hierarchy which was completely free of any vestiges of feudalism. • A system of estates which put nobles at the top and the clergy on an equal level as the middle class. • A hierarchal structure but one which made all the people of the Third Estate more or less socially and economically equal to each other. • A rigid hierarchy based on privilege and birth that did not address the needs or desires of the vast majority of the French population.
Question No. 5 What event was the immediate cause of uprisings of peasants in the rural parts of France? • The storming of the Bastille, a prison and armory in Paris. • The formation of the National Assembly. • The writing of a new constitution for France. • Louis XVI's successful use of troops to arrest the leaders of the National Assembly.
Question No. 6 What occurred as a consequence of the French revolutionaries desire for equality for all men and citizens? • All citizens, including women, were given the right to vote. • Napoleon's consistent commitment to the ideals of equality for all men, including former black slaves in Haiti. • The abolishment of slavery in French colonies such as Haiti. • Democratic ideals such as free speech and representative government would never be taken away from the citizens of France.
Question No. 7 Which statement below best describes the Monroe Doctrine? • An agreement with Great Britain to guarantee the independence of Latin American countries. • An attempt by the United States to guarantee Latin American independence and create a sphere of influence for the US in Latin America free of European interference. • A trade agreement with Latin American countries which established a duty-free zone throughout the Western Hemisphere. • A formal warning to European nations to stay out of the affairs of North American countries.
Question 7 (cont.) • If you chose this answer: “A formal warning to European nations to stay out of the affairs of North American countries.” We will give you credit for it.
Question No. 8 Which of the following was NOT a problem faced by Latin Americans in building their new nations? • The separation of church and state in these nations meant that the vast resources of the church were not used to help support the poor. • The emergence of strong-men or caudillos meant that representative democracy was short-lived. • Latin American nations did not develop diverse economies and continued to depend on the export of raw materials to more industrialized Western countries. • The lack of equitable land distribution meant mestizos, mulattoes, and blacks were largely impoverished and dependent on the landed elites.
Question No. 10 What was the most important reason the mestizo uprising in Mexico, led by Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, failed in bringing about Mexican independence from Spain? • The mestizos did not have any arms at all and had to fight the Spanish with their bare hands. • The creoles, while highly supportive of the uprising, did not want to risk their influence with the Spanish monarch. • The independence movement lacked the support of the creole class who saw the uprising by the mestizos as a threat to the economic, political, and social status of the creoles. • The lack of support of any Catholic clergy meant that the uprising did not have any influential leaders.
