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Meiosis vs. Mitosis

Meiosis vs. Mitosis. Mitosis Cell division 46 chromo 2 cells, 46 chromo. Each Keeps chromo. # same Found in body cells Most common No genetic variation. Meiosis Cell division 46 chromo  4 cells, 23 chromo each Chromo. # cut in half Found in sex/germ cells ONLY

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Meiosis vs. Mitosis

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  1. Meiosis vs. Mitosis

  2. Mitosis Cell division 46 chromo2 cells, 46 chromo. Each Keeps chromo. # same Found in body cells Most common No genetic variation Meiosis Cell division 46 chromo 4 cells, 23 chromo each Chromo. # cut in half Found in sex/germ cells ONLY Least common Most genetic variation I. Mitosis vs. Meiosis ANIMATION OF COMPARISON ANIMATION 2 OF COMPARISON

  3. II. Chromosomes Karyotypes: • Display of chromosomes lined up in homologous pairs • Half inherited from male Half from female • Used for viewing #, size, • shape, and banding • patterns of chromosomes

  4. Homologous Chromosomes: matching pair of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent

  5. Body cells/Somatic Cells= “Diploid”or 2N having two sets of chromosomes, body cells Humans 46 chromosomes

  6. Sex cells/Sperm + Egg= “Haploid”or N having one set of chromosomes, sex cells ( gametes) Ex: Humans 23 chromosomes

  7. Fertilization: when haploid sperm and egg meet, combining N chromosomes with N chromosomes = 2N zygote • Zygote: fertilized egg, 2N ____ ____ ____ 23 46 23 sperm egg zygote

  8. Diploid vs. Haploid Exercises • Drosophilia have a diploid number of 8. What is the haploid? • Onions have a haploid number of 8. What is the 2N? • A horse’s 2N is 64. What is the 1N? • A body cell of an alligator has 32 chromosomes. Is this the diploid or haploid number? 4 16 32 Diploid

  9. II. Meiosis • Definition: cell division to produce egg (ovule) or sperm (pollen) Meiosis I & Meiosis II

  10. Oogenesis: Production of Egg • Female meiosis in the ovaries • Resulting cells: 1 egg, 3 polar bodies • Haploid

  11. Spermatogenesis:Production of Sperm • Male meiosis in testes • Resulting cells: 4 haploid sperm cells Animation spermatogenesis

  12. Meiosis I (PMAT I & C) • Prophase I: homologous chromosomes meet up and form tetrads. Crossing over occurs. • What is the point of crossing over?

  13. Meiosis II (PMAT II & C) • What if Meiosis did not occur?

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