Courtyard by Marriott

Courtyard by Marriott Danielle Shetler - Structural Option Senior Thesis - Spring 2005

Presentation Outline • Background • Existing Structural Conditions • Proposal • Structural Redesign • LEED Study • Cost Comparison • Conclusions/Recommendations Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Background • Project Team • Baker, Ingram & Associates – Structural Engineer • Barton Associates, Inc – Mechanical/Electrical Engineer • High Construction Company – Design-Builder • High Hotels, LTD – Owner • Greenfield Architects, LTD - Architect Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Background • Location • Greenfield Corporate Center – Lancaster, PA Project North Courtyard by Marriott Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Background • 5 Story Hotel • 133 Guest Rooms • 83,821 Square Feet • Construction Dates • Start Date – July 12, 2004 • Completion Date – June 30, 2005 • Project Delivery Method – Design Build • Total Cost = $9,550,000 Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Existing Structural Conditions • Building Length = 253’-10” • Largest Width = 74’-9” • Building foot print with typical bay – 28’ span Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Existing Structural Conditions • Existing Structural System • Foundation • Spread footings (31) – various sizes • 4” & 6” Slab on Grade • Floor System • 8” pre-cast hollow core plank – span east/west direction • Gravity • 8” reinforced masonry shear walls • Lateral • Moment frames Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Existing Structural Conditions • 1st Floor – lobby area, conference room, pool, restaurant, kitchen • Exterior Wall: 8” reinforced load bearing ivany block • Interior: Steel columns – do not follow grid • 2nd Floor – guest rooms • Framed with large steel beams • W 36x393, W 36x300, W 36x230, W 27x84 • Moment connections - central • north/south & east/west directions Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Existing Structural Conditions • 2 typical bays – 2nd floor Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Existing Structural Conditions • 3rd, 4th & 5th Floors – guest rooms • 8” reinforced masonry shear walls • Typical bay – 3rd, 4th & 5th floors Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Existing Structural Conditions • Typical shear wall layout Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Existing Structural Conditions • Existing Building Section • Total building Height = 52’ • 1st floor height = 12’-8” • 2nd, 3rd & 4th floor heights (each) = 10’ • 5th floor height = 9’-4” Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Existing Structural Conditions • Lateral Loads • Wind Loads (N/S Direction) Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Existing Structural Conditions • Seismic Loads (N/S & E/W Directions) • R = 3.5 Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Existing Structural Conditions • Gravity Loads • Dead Loads • 8” Pre-cast Planks = 65 psf • 8” CMU = 32 psf • Structural Steel = 5 psf • Metal Deck = 2 psf • Roofing Materials = 7 psf • MEP, Misc = 10 psf • Total = 121 psf • Live Loads • Corridor/Guest Rooms = 40 psf • Mechanical Rooms = 150 psf • Stairs = 100 psf • Wall Loads • 8” CMU + E.I.F.S. = 47 psf Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Proposal • Structural System Redesign • Combination of masonry shear walls and steel floor framing to staggered truss system • Change roof from sloped to flat - green roof • Design Criteria • Code requirements for IBC 2003 • Maintain large open area on 1st floor • Maintain low floor-to-floor height • Provide feasible & cost effective design Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Proposal • Why staggered truss system? • Provides large column free open space on first floor • Provides an open floor layout for hotel rooms on upper floors • Provide low floor-to-floor height • Highly efficient for resistance to lateral loads caused by wind and earthquake • Fast and easy construction (especially useful during winter construction) • Light system Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Structural Redesign • Staggered Truss System • Trusses • Transverse direction • Story high trusses • Located in demising walls between guests rooms • Placed on alternating column lines – staggering between floors • Moment frames • Longitudinal direction • 8” pre-cast hollow core plank floor system • Connected to truss chords with weld plates & grouted • Transfers load to trusses • Spread footings • AISC Design Guide 14 • ETABS • Slope roof  Flat roof • 8” pre-cast hollow core plank Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Structural Redesign • New Building Layout • 252’ x 74’ • Truss spacing – 28’ • Truss span – 74’ • 1st floor height – 13’ • All other floor-to-floor heights – 10’ Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Structural Redesign • Typical section with staggered truss system Odd Story Even Story Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Structural Redesign Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Structural Redesign • Typical Truss • Vertical & diagonal members – 6” tube sections • Chords – W 10’s • Columns – W 12’s Vierendeel Panel Web Members – HSS shape Chord members – W shape Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Structural Redesign • Lateral Loads • Wind Loads (N/S Direction) Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Structural Redesign • Seismic Loads (N/S & E/W Directions) • R = 3.0 Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Structural Redesign • Gravity Loads • Dead Loads • 8” Pre-cast Planks = 65 psf • Leveling Compound = 5 psf • Structural Steel = 5 psf • Green Roof Material = 25 psf • Partitions = 12 psf • MEP, Misc = 10 psf • Total = 122 psf • Live Loads • Corridor/Guest Rooms = 40 psf • Mechanical Rooms = 150 psf • Stairs = 100 psf • Wall Loads • 23 psf Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Structural Redesign • Load Combinations – IBC 2003 • 1.4D • 1.2D + 1.6L • 1.2D + 1.6W + 0.5L • 1.2D + 1.0E + 0.5L • 0.9D + (1.0E or 1.6W) Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Structural Redesign • Results of design • 8” pre-cast hollow core plank • Truss web members (vertical & diagonal) • HSS 10 x 6 • Truss chord members • Range W 10 x 33 to W 10 x 112 • Columns • W 12 x 96, W 12 x 106, W 14 x 132 • Foundation • Fewer spread footings (20) – possible size reduction • Possibility of using 2 long strip footings Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

LEED Study • Green Roof Implementation • Change roof from slope to flat • Pre-cast planks replace cold formed trusses • Add vegetated roof to 85% of entire roof area (15,850 Square Feet) • LEED credit • 1 point • Criteria – cover at least 50% of entire roof area Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

LEED Study • Section of green roof material Vegetation/Plants Plant Media Drainage Layer & Filter Waterproof Membrane/Insulation Roof Structure Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

LEED Study • Advantages • Lengthens roof life by 2 or 3 times • Lowers noise levels • Reduces immediate storm water run-off • Reduces building cooling & heating cost • Absorbs carbon dioxide & creates oxygen • Aesthetically pleasing • LEED credit Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Cost Comparison • Structural System • Existing • $1,423,584 • New System • $1,003,043 Savings:$420,541 (30%) Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Conclusions/Recommendations • Staggered Truss • Very efficient system • Cost effective • Light Weight • Provides needed open space • Marriott Standards • Change in strict architecture • Efficiency of room size – restricted percentage • Small building • Green Roof • Advantageous to building • Cost effective • Feasible for this building Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Thank You!! • Kathy Hauser – Baker, Ingram & Associates • Frank McCabe – High Hotels • Jeff Sterner – High Construction • Greenfield Architects • AE Faculty • My Friends & Family Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Questions?? Courtyard by Marriott Lancaster, PA

Courtyard by Marriott