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Activity 7 Cartographer at Work . By Vicky Doan, Aaron Tran & John Truong Period 1. Robin Hood. A heroic outlaw Known for “robbing from the rich and giving to the poor” Assisted by a group of fellow outlaws known as his “merry men” Lived in the Sherwood Forest in Nottinghamshire
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Activity 7Cartographer at Work By Vicky Doan, Aaron Tran & John Truong Period 1
Robin Hood • A heroic outlaw • Known for “robbing from the rich and giving to the poor” • Assisted by a group of fellow outlaws known as his “merry men” • Lived in the Sherwood Forest in Nottinghamshire • Earlier ballads based in the Barnsdale area (South Yorkshire) • Present-day Nottinghamshire claims Robin Hood as the symbol of their county • Sherwood Forest filled with Robin Hood tourist attractions
Battle of Hastings • Oct. 14, 1066 • Norman-French army of William II of Normandy vs. English army of King Harold II • During the Norman conquest of England • Took place at Senlac Hill, present day town of Battle, East Sussex • Harold II killed in battle • Battle marked the last successful foreign invasion of British Isles • French was adopted and adapted into English language and culture
Crusades of Richard I • King Richard I (Lion Heart) – the third son of Henry II • Richard embarked on the Third Crusade - Hoping to regain Christian authority of the Holy land from the Muslim • Sailed to Antioch to assist in war in 1190 • Nearly took Jerusalem twice but was defeated by Saladin • Richard’s ship was wrecked in Austria during his voyage back home • Duke Leopold of Austria captured him and held him for ransom
Effects of Crusades • Role, wealth and power of the Catholic Church • Undermined Feudalism • Commerce (transportation and market) • Chivalry introduced • Weakened the power of feudal aristocracy
Signing of Magna Carta • King Richard, the Lion Heart, spent much of his reign fighting in wars • After his death, King John inherited debts due to King Richard’s Wars and his own battles • King John heavily taxed the Barons • Barons rebelled and took over London • King John signed the Magna Carta on June 19, 1215 at Runnymede in Egham, Surrey • Guaranteed the rights of individuals against the King • Magna Carta considered the founding document of English and American liberties
Hundred Year War • Series of conflicts waged from 1337-1453 • England vs. France • Began in May 1337 when King Philip VI of France attempted to confiscate English territories in the duchy of Aquitaine • The war was a series of plundering raids, sieges and naval battles • Opposition to the war helped shape England and early modern political culture • England showed decreasing enthusiasm for conflict • War divided into phases • Edwardian Era War (1337-1360) • Caroline War (1369-1389) • Lancastrian War (1415-1453)
Black Plague(1348-1350) • Swept across England in 1348- 1350 • Spread to London in Sept. 1348 and spread into East Anglia and along the coast • Ravaging Wales and the Midlands by spring • Crossed the Irish Sea and Penetrated the North in the summer • Death toll – 75-200 million people • Many plague recurrence between 1348-1405 • Black death disrupted the feudal society • Workers able to work for a higher pay • Growing middle class
Bibliography • BBC. "Richard I." BBC News. BBC, 2012. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/richard_i_king.shtml>. • Keen, Maurice. "The Hundred Years War." BBC News. BBC, 17 Feb. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/hundred_years_war_01.shtml>. • Giovanni, Boccaccio. "The Black Death, 1348." The Black Death, 1348. Eyewitness to History, 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. <http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/plague.htm>. • Ibeji, Mike. "King John and the Magna Carta." BBC News. BBC, 17 Feb. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/magna_01.shtml>. • Wood, Michael. "Battle of Hastings: A Surprise Defeat?" BBC News. BBC, 18 Nov. 2004. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/trail/conquest/norman/battle_hastings_04.shtml>. • Britannia. "Richard I Coeur De Lion." Richard I Coeur De Lion. Britannia, 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. <http://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon27.html>. • Alchin, Linda. "Effects of the Crusades." Effects of the Crusades. Middle Ages, 16 July 2012. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. <http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/effects-of-crusades.htm> Books • Berthelot, Anne. King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 1997 • Robson, Walter. Medieval Britain (Access to History). United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. 1991