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Targetry, SR2002, 2004 Paul Drumm UK-NF June 2003

Targetry, SR2002, 2004 Paul Drumm UK-NF June 2003. Current Programme. Paper studies Proposed rotating toroid – radiation cooled & magnetically levitated, possibly individual targets Electron Beam Test at TWI to check effect of many cycles (10 6 ) of heat shock. Bid for funds:

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Targetry, SR2002, 2004 Paul Drumm UK-NF June 2003

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  1. Targetry, SR2002, 2004Paul DrummUK-NFJune 2003

  2. Current Programme • Paper studies • Proposed rotating toroid – radiation cooled & magnetically levitated, possibly individual targets • Electron Beam Test at TWI to check effect of many cycles (106) of heat shock

  3. Bid for funds: • Levitation studies • Target Shock effects on material structure • Liquid metal behaviour in a magnetic field? • Link into ENG Tgt &… activities • More ambitious is to develop a target test facility

  4. Target Test Facility • One shift at 50 Hz = 1.4×106 cycles • Beam Size ~ size of NF target • Pulse length 430 ns , 2.5×1013 protons, 800MeV 100ns 230 ns 100ns • Sufficient power to duplicate NF shock ?

  5. EPB 2nd Target Station ~3 m ~5 m

  6. Expect 100% of beam within a 11×10 mm ellipse (50% 3 × 3) Dean Adams (ISIS)

  7. Requires Some Remote Handling • Solid Target Tests are probably easier • Should address use of liquid metals • Collection issues would need a more substantial facility • Alternative is to use ISOLDE….

  8. Target studies are of vital importance for a Neutrino Factory as the target is probably the one show-stopper due to the enormous energy deposition by the proton beam. This causes a sudden heating in the target, which in turn produces huge stresses. For standard solid targets theoretical calculations suggest that these stresses will limit the target lifetime to a very short time period, perhaps only one proton pulse! In addition, the heat itself must be removed to prevent the target melting. As a result, R&D are essential on possible targets to assess their lifetime and their applicability for a Neutrino Factory. • Three different target types have been proposed that may able to withstand the enormous proton power density at a Neutrino Factory: • Liquid mercury jet. The jet is destroyed by every proton pulse, but reforms before the next so there are no material stress problems. The target can be “removed” from the target area by simply draining it away. Up and down stream windows are required, however, and these may be a problem for the target lifetime. • Multiple solid granular targets, helium gas cooled. The small size and number of the targets easies the stress problem, but the lifetime has to be increased by using four such targets, splitting the proton beam and re-combining the four pion beams produced. • A rotating tantalum band at high temperature (2000oC) dissipating the heat by thermal radiation to surrounding water-cooled walls (see figure 3). The target would be magnetically levitated and driven in a vacuum. There is evidence that a lifetime of a year would be possible. • It is planned to investigate further the use of a mercury jet and a solid rotating target and to study the target station and the safety aspects of the target. The aim is learn enough about these two target types to be able to make a detailed design of the favoured candidate in 2007. In particular, the following is planned: • The mercury jet: 1.1 jet formation in the solenoid 20T field used for capture 1.2 to continue in-beam tests to check the beam break up and damage to the surroundings 1.3 lifetime of the windows under proton and mercury bombardment • The tantalum band: 2.1 to continue lifetime and thermal stress tests using electron and proton beams. Proton beams of sufficient pulsed power exist at RAL and CERN. At RAL, no suitable target test area currently exists, but a development within the ISIS synchrotron room is being considered. The ISOLDE facility at CERN is another possibility. 2.2 Magnetic levitation in the 20T solenoidal field. Theoretical studies and model work needs to be done to devise a levitation, guidance and drive system for a solid ring target or individual targets. Experience in this area is available from several UK universities. • The target station, including maintenance and safety aspects. The whole target area will become extremely radioactive and needs to be designed for safe operation, maintenance and disposal, probably using remote handling techniques.

  9. Substantial plans… 2003/ 4/ 5/ 6/7

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