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This presentation explores the changing nature of the economy and the need for a different approach to education. It discusses the skills and education needed in the modern workforce and the benefits of higher education attainment. The presentation also proposes strategies for delivering this education and highlights the implications for community colleges.
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High School Acceleration into Postsecondary Education The Vision for the Future and Implications for Community Colleges MCCA Summer Workshop 2020: Where Will Community Colleges Be? Northwestern Community College, Traverse City July 21, 2011 John Austin, President, Michigan State Board of Education Brookings Institution Non-Resident Senior Fellow Director, Great Lakes Economic Initiative METROPOLITAN POLICY PROGRAM THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION
Why Change Education? Changing Nature of the EconomyIn high wage societies:- Routine jobs will largely be done elsewhere- Or will feed off high-value knowledge work done by most
Why Change Education?: In advanced economies fewer people work in farms and fields… Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, 2007
And once dominant cadre of blue-collar workers wanes… Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, 2007
While dominant cohort works in high-education demanding knowledge services – Peter Drucker’s “knowledge worker” Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, 2007
Strong formal education, generalized skillsAbility to develop and apply new highly specialized skills on ongoing basisNavigate: move from job to job, gain new credentials and skillsMarket research to management; medical tech to health administration Why Change Education?: knowledge worker needs different skills
Why Change Education?: Rock-climbing replaces career ladders in a contingent, fast changing labor market…Everyone needs ability to be agent of their own economic creation and navigation…a free agent working on their own behalf…it’s not about preparing for a place in the “extant” economy
Why Change Education?: “The old paradigm of a climb up a stable career ladder is dead and gone. No career is a sure thing anymore. The uncertain, rapidly changing conditions in which entrepreneurs start companies is what it’s now like for all of us fashioning a career. Approach career strategy the same way an entrepreneur approaches starting a business.” …Ditch the grand life plan…experiment, adapt… Reid Hoffman, LinkedIn founder to Thomas Friedman, The Start-UP of You, NYT 7/17/2011
Why Change Education?: We are no longer producing cogs for the machine…folks to “take their place” in the industrial economy Whether as managers and professionals, the “workers”, or those we just try to civilize and make productive citizens. Must change industrial era K-12 and higher ed paradigm
What Education is Needed? Higher education attainment for all $400k/ person $400k/ person $400k/ person 10
What Education is Needed?: Higher education has big benefits, even in fields where a degree is not crucial “Construction workers, police officers, plumbers, retail sales people and secretaries, make more with a degree than without one. Why? Education helps people do higher-skilled work, get jobs with better-paying companies, or open their own business.” Even for Cashiers, College Pays Off, NYT 6/26/11
“Only those that can offer the world’s highest skill levels and the most creative ideas will be able to justify the world’s highest wages. Very high wage nations must now abandon the idea that only a few of their citizens need to have high skills and creative capacities. This is a new idea in the world, the idea that all must have an education formerly reserved only for elites.”Mark Tucker, Standing on the Shoulders of Giants An American Agenda for Education Reform, May 2011 What Education is Needed?: All need high skills
How do we deliver this education? Solid foundation skills for all: numeracy, literacy, arts, science, history…basic fluency in key disciplines Apply, learn, reapply skills in specialized situations and contexts
How do we deliver this education? Great teaching: that can differentiate students, skills, integrate theoretical, analytical and practical Meaningful contexts: applied, project, virtual, hybrid, integrated, connected
Concretely, how do we deliver this education? Master content, move on – reward competencies, credentials, pay for proficiency and performance Blended-virtual learning Integrated High Schools: Themed, academies, rigorous CTE, smaller/contextual, project/service Early College/middle college, dual enrollment, AP for at-risk and high achievers
Implications for Community Colleges Partner downward: Create context for learning - dual enrollment, early colleges, middle colleges Partner inward: support to completion - open enrollment means take skills where you get them – must accelerate to meaning: credentials, skills Partner Outward: Create context for the “Rock-Climber” Network knowledge of employers, work contexts, skills needed…pass upwards to other higher education institutions Do this better than “privates”, who in education marketplace will say they do….sometimes they will, often they won’t
John Austin jcaustin@umich.edu www.michigan.gov/mde www.brookings.edu/projects/great-lakes.aspx