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LCSH for Folklore (H 1627). (With special emphasis on Africa). Folklore: Scope. Learned orally, by imitation, or by observation Includes: Traditional beliefs Narratives (tales, legends, proverbs, etc.) Folk medicine. Folklore: Out of Scope. “Folklore†does not include: Manners Customs
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LCSH for Folklore (H 1627) (With special emphasis on Africa)
Folklore: Scope • Learned orally, by imitation, or by observation • Includes: • Traditional beliefs • Narratives (tales, legends, proverbs, etc.) • Folk medicine
Folklore: Out of Scope • “Folklore” does not include: • Manners • Customs • Ceremonies • Popular traditions • The subdivision –Social life and customs is a broad concept that includes both folklore and the items above
General Guidelines • Standard array for Folklore: • Ethnic, national, or occupational group that originated the folklore, and/or its place of origin • Theme of the folklore • Folkloric emphasis or genre • Specific guidelines for a folklore subdiscipline (e.g. folk music, folk literature) take precedence
Folklore Standard Array: Collection • Apply the first 3 categories to a collection of folkloric texts • Assign other topics as appropriate • The subdivision –Folklore is free-floating; not assigned to theme if heading is inherently folkloric
Folklore: Collection Example (1) • Note: LC cataloger assigned ‡x to Folklore subdivision; example edited to ‡v
Folklore: Collection Example (2) • Theme heading is not assigned when a collection is general (if the ethnic group cannot be identified a heading will not be assigned) • Different guidelines for “Folk literature” vs. “Tales” explained later
Folklore Standard Array: General Topic • Apply to works that discuss folklore not limited to a specific genre • Note that the subdivision –History and criticism is not used
Folklore Standard Array: Genre • Apply to works that discuss folklore when limited to a specific genre • CAUTION: “--Folklore” is never subdivided by “–History and criticism”
Literature and Folklore • Some genre headings follow the literary works guidelines in H 1780-H 1800: • Folk literature, Folk drama, Folk poetry, Proverbs, Riddles • Qualified following literature guidelines when applicable; generally: language or nationality; may be further subdivided geographically • Narrative genres follow the folklore guidelines: • Tales, Legends, Fairy tales • Not qualified by language or nationality; subdivide geographically
Literature vs. Folklore Examples • Folk literature, Angolan. [literature heading qualified by nationality] • Proverbs, Ndumu. [literature heading qualified by language] • Folk poetry, Swahili—Tanzania—Kagera region—History and criticism. [literature heading qualified by language] • Tales—South Africa—Transvaal. [folklore heading] • Legends—Central African Republic. [folklore heading]
Folklore: Specific Genre Example (Collection) • For African resources, if a literary form heading is qualified, it is usually qualified by language (rather than nationality) • CAUTION: Literary form headings are not qualified by ethnic group; cataloger should have assigned a separate subject Igbo (African people)—Folklore. The guideline is often overlooked in African cataloging.
Folklore: Specific Genre Example (Collection) • Folklore (non-literary) genre term is not qualified by language or country; use geographic subdivision instead • If an ethnic group could be identified, it would be assigned as a heading subdivided by --Folklore
Folklore Genres: Definitions & Scope • Legends: traditional narratives generally regarded by their narrators as true • Content: religious, supernatural, heroes, historical figures, places • For historical persons, paired with subject [person]--Legends • Tales: traditional narratives that are understood to be fictitious, told primarily for entertainment • Fairy tales: traditional narratives of supernatural beings or events told for children
--Translations into <language> • For translations, the subdivision –Translations into <language> is always used for folklore headings in the literary category (Folk literature, Folk poetry etc.) • For translations where the folklore heading is not literary (Tales, Legends etc.), the subdivision is not used (H 2220 2b.) • however, the subdivision may be used if reference to translation is made in the title