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DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION. A PRIMER OF KNOWLEDGE THAT CAN MULTIPLY AND SPILL OVER FOR THE BENEFIT OF MILLIONS. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA http://www.gadr.giees.uncc.edu.

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DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

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  1. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION A PRIMER OF KNOWLEDGE THAT CAN MULTIPLY AND SPILL OVER FOR THE BENEFIT OF MILLIONS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA http://www.gadr.giees.uncc.edu

  2. EXAMPLE: REMEMBERING 2OO8 THE YEAR OF THE MYANMAR CYCLONE AND THE WENCHUAN, CHINA EATHQUAKE ACCOMPANIED BYTROPICAL STORMS, HURRICANES, TYPHOONS FLOODS, WILDFIRES, EARTHQUAKES, AND VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS WITH AN EARTHQUAKE SHAKEOUT SCENARIO, AND A USA REPORT ON THE EFFECTS OF CONTINUED GLOBAL WARMING

  3. SUMMARY OF NOTABLE EVENTS DURING 2008 VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS IN CHILE CYCLONE NARGIS STRIKES MYANMAR (BURMA) WENCHUAN, CHINA EARTHQUAKE, LANDSLIDES, AND “QUAKE LAKES” WILDFIRES IN NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GREAT MIDWEST USA FLOODS 2008 TROPICAL STORM-HURRICANE-TYPHOON SEASON PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE CALIFORNIA EARTHQUAKE SHAKEOUT SCENARIO USA REPORT ON GLOBAL WARMING

  4. Hundreds of thousands killed and injured. Millions of homes damaged, destroyed, and/or inundated. Infrastructure damaged and destroyed. Toxic materials released into air, water, and soil. Shutdown of oil and gas platforms and petrochemical plants Millions evacuated and displaced. Livelihoods of hundreds of millions adversely affected. $ Tens of billions in insured and uninsured economic losses. Health care needs sharply increased everywhere. SOCIETAL IMPACTS DURING 2008

  5. AFTER 10,000 YEAR DORMANCY, CHAITEN ERUPTS IN CHILE: MAY 3, 2008

  6. CYCLONE NARGIS STRIKES MYANMAR (BURMA) MAY 2, 2008 • ONE OF THE WORST CYCLONE DISASTERS IN ASIA DURING THE PAST 15 YEARS • 214,000 KILLED AND 2.4 MILLION PEOPLE SERIOUSLY AFFECTED

  7. CYCLONE NARGIS: The storm's 120 mph winds blew the roofs off hospitals, downed trees, and cut electricity to the country's largest city, Rangon. Storm surge and torrential rain caused local flooding.

  8. Odds Against Survival: Political Myanmar’s policies of self-sufficiency allowed entry of materials from a few countries, but usually not the skilled disaster workers.

  9. FIVE LESSONS FROM CYCLONE NARGIS FIRST: no nation, rich or poor, can go it alone when confronted by a natural disaster of the magnitude of a Cyclone Nargis.

  10. WENCHUAN, CHINA EARTHQUAKE

  11. WENCHUAN, CHINA EARTHQUAKE • MAY 12, 2008 • M7.9 • 80,000 DEAD • 26 MILLION BUILDINGS (HOMES, SCHOOLS, AND HOSPITALS) DAMAGED OR DESTROYED • LANDSLIDES AND 69 “EARTHQUAKE LAKES” • MILLIONS DISPLACED

  12. CLEANUP AND RECONSTRUCTION UNDERWAY: JULY 9, 2008

  13. TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER 45,690,000people were adversely affected by the disaster.

  14. GREAT MIDWEST FLOODS

  15. FLOODING: CEDAR RAPIDS; IOWA INUNDATED; JUNE 13th

  16. WILDFIRES IN CALIFORNIA

  17. YOSEMITE VALLEY NATIONAL PARK: JULY 29, 2008

  18. THE 2008 TROPICAL STORM-HURRICANE-TYPHOON SEASON EVIDENCE OF PLANET EARTH’S WILD WEATHER JUNE 1 – NOVEMBER 30, 2008

  19. 2008 ATLANTIC HURRICANE SEASON

  20. 2008 HURRICANE SEASON El Nino, the eastern Pacific warm water phenomenon that can dampen the formation of Atlantic storms did not develop.

  21. ATLANTIC TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES IN 2008 • Sixteen storms occurred during the 2008 season. • Over $100 billion in losses.

  22. ARTHUR BERTHA CRISTOBAL DOLLY EDUOARD FAY GUSTAV HANNA IKE JOSEPHINE KYLE LAURA ATLANTIC TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES

  23. MARCO NANA OMAR PALOMA TROPICAL STORMS-HURRICANES IN 2008

  24. IMPACTED NATIONS Jamaica, Grand Turk Island, Montserrat, Anguilla, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and Cuba in the Caribbean. Mexico Florida, Louisiana, and Texas in the Gulf of Mexico Nova Scotia on the Atlantic seaboard

  25. TROPICAL STORM ARTHUR NEAR BELIZE: JUNE 1

  26. HURRICANE BERTHA TOWARDS BERMUDA: JULY 7, 2008

  27. TROPICAL STORM DOLLY: PREPARATIONS, JULY 22

  28. TROPICAL STORM EDOUARD Many of the Gulf of Mexico’s offshore oil and natural gas drilling platforms were in Edouard’s path. Companies prepared platforms for heavy wind and rain and evacuated workers.

  29. TROPICAL STORM FAYAUGUST 16, 2008 Haiti, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rica, Cuba, and Florida were in Fay’s path. Fay was a heavy rainmaker, generating more than 75 cm (30 in) of rain, and spawning tornadoes in florida.

  30. TROPICAL STORM FAY: EVACUATION OF FLORIDA KEYS ON AUGUST 17, 2008

  31. HURRICANE GUSTAV GUSTAV CAUSED EXTENSIVE DAMAGE IN CUBA BEFORE REACHING USA. GUSTAV MADE LANDFALL AT 9:30 AM IN COCODRIE, LOUISIANA, ABOUT 70 MILES SOUTHWEST OF NEW ORLEANS. A CAT 2 HURRICANE WITH WINDS OF 183 KM/HR (110 MI/HR). THE STORM SURGE WAS 4 m (14 ft).

  32. EVACUATION FROM NEW ORLEANS ON I-10: AUGUST 30

  33. HURRICANE GUSTAV OIL PLATFORMS WERE EVACUATED AND PRODUCTION SHUT DOWN IN THE GULF OF MEXICO. NEARLY TWO MILLION PEOPLE WERE EVACUATED FROM NEW ORLEANS AND OTHER CITIES TO OTHER PARTS OF LOUISIANA AND TO OTHER STATES OVER ONE MILLION WITHOUT POWER

  34. HURRICANE GUSTAV:NEW ORLEANS SPARED AS LEVEES HELD AND A CHANGE IN THE STORM’S PATH KEPT IT FROM BECOMING ANOTHER KATRINA

  35. NEW ORLEAN’S LEVEES HELD

  36. HURRICANE IKE WAS SIMILAR TO THE STORM THAT CAUSED THE SEPTEMBER 1, 1900 GALVESTON HURRICANE DISASTER

  37. HURRICANE IKE‘S TRACK

  38. HURRICANE IKE: A CAT 4 STORM HAITI, BAHAMAS (GRAND TURK ISLAND), CUBA, AND USA (TEXAS) HIT HARD GULF OIL PRODUCTION SHUT DOWN AGAIN, JUST TWO WEEKS AFTER GUSTAV PASSED THROUGH OIL TANKER CRISIS AND OIL STORAGE FIRE.

  39. HURRICANE IKE: TURKS AND CIAOS: Grand Turk; SEPT 8

  40. HURRICANE IKE: TCI: South Ciaos

  41. HURRICANE IKE’S PATH: SEPT 9

  42. HURRICANE IKE: A CAT 3 AT LANDFALL NEAR GALVESTON, TX MASS EVACUATIONS IN TEXAS A FLOODING and A WIND EVENT STORM SURGE OF 6-7 m EXTENDED INLAND 25-35 km OVER A DISTANCE OF 200 km

  43. 1 MILLION EVACUATEES; SEPT 11-12

  44. GALVESTON’S SEAWALL HOLDS AGAINST STORM SURGE

  45. AFTER LANDFALL ON SEPT 13 Thousands of homes and businesses in Texas and SW Louisiana were damaged or flooded

  46. GALVESTON: A DEVASTATED GHOST TOWN AFTER LANDFALL

  47. HURRICANE OMAR EXTENSIVE FLOODING IN MONTSERRAT WIND DAMAGE IN ANGUILLA OCTOBER 2008

  48. MONTSERRAT

  49. MARCOS, NANA, OPRAH, AND PALOMA COMPLETED THE SEASON • The warm ocean temperatures, low wind shear, and absence of El Nino effects contributed to a long hurricane season in the Atlantic.

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