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Post-Harvest Handling and Marketing of African Indigenous Vegetables

Post-Harvest Handling and Marketing of African Indigenous Vegetables. Author. Ojiewo C Guga Y. Tenkouano A . Yang RY. Image here. Uzbekistan. Korea. Syria?. Taiwan. Laos. India. Vietnam. Thailand. Mali. Niger. Honduras?. Cameroon. Tanzania. Indonesia. Solomon Islands.

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Post-Harvest Handling and Marketing of African Indigenous Vegetables

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  1. Post-Harvest Handling and Marketing of African Indigenous Vegetables • Author • Ojiewo C • Guga Y. • Tenkouano A. • Yang RY • Image here

  2. Uzbekistan Korea Syria? Taiwan Laos India Vietnam Thailand Mali Niger Honduras? Cameroon Tanzania Indonesia Solomon Islands Madagascar AVRDC In Africa….since 1992

  3. Vegetable R&D in Africa Collaborative Network for Vegetable Research and Development in Eastern and Southern Africa (CONVERDS, SADC) focus on human resource development and networking for delivery of promising products and techniques – about 6000 alumni from 30+ countries assembly of diverse array of indigenous vegetables – about 2000 accessions Light structure - basic field facilities and small research team

  4. Achievements – Variety releases

  5. Major national impacts: Tanzania Increasing productivity over the past 7 years due to new lines/ varieties by AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center and NARS partners (MAFS, 2005) + 40%

  6. Going Further to Deliver - Working Hypothesis No or little access to improved varieties and foundation seed thereof has been a major impediment to the development of a viable private vegetable seed industry in Sub-Sahara Africa Use our Science and Networks Develop and Promote a VegetableBusiness Route to Health and Wealth

  7. Seeds Systems and Other Vegetable R&D Thrusts

  8. Partner Seed Companies

  9. Untapped Opportunities • 75% of all seed companies in Asia sell varieties which include some germplasm originating from AVRDC • African seed companies being supported for selection, breeding and seed production Alfa Seed Co (Tanzania, South Africa) East African Seed Co (Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda) Kibo Seed Co (Tanzania) Mt. Elgon Seed Co (Uganda) SeedCo (Zimbabwe, Malawi) Simlaw Seed Co (Kenya) Tropicasem (Senegal) Victoria Seed Co (Uganda)

  10. Economic Value of Vegetables (Kakamega market, Kenya) Source: Onyango, 2002

  11. Contribution of Vegetables to Exports(Kenya,2006)

  12. Yearly Cost of compliance with GlobalGAP standards

  13. For farmers near cities, it is difficult to find a reliable but unpolluted water source thus compromisingvegetable consumer health

  14. Health risk reduction is possible at critical control points • Typical faecal coliform concentration on wastewater-irrigated lettuce in Ghana: 106 to 107 per 100 gm of fresh lettuce • Improved practices can reduce at the: • Farm level: 2 - 4 log units of E. coli • Market level: ≥ 1 log units • Kitchen level: 2 - 3 log units • And also • Farm level: 50 - 80% of the worm eggs

  15. Peri-urban Vegetable Production • Addressing important issues: • Job creation • Reduced seasonality • Safer vegetables for consumers • Improved marketing systems

  16. Aflatoxin B1 levels in different grades of chilli samples from AP South India

  17. Sources of Indigenous Vegetables • Home gardens main source in Eastern Africa • But: in Tanzania 20% purchased (rural sample!)

  18. Relative importance of IV in total food expenditure • In Eastern Africa relative importance of IV decreases with increasing food expenditures • Important food source for the very poor

  19. African eggplant in local markets

  20. African Leafy vegetables in Informal Markets

  21. High Value Markets • A. Nightshade and amaranth

  22. Drying methods affects Carotenoid content in African nightshades

  23. Transport

  24. A Lack of Post-harvest storage & processing:Up to 50% of vegetable crops are lost from field to shelf

  25. Micronutrient contents of selected commonly consumed and indigenous vegetables • Data source: AVRDC Nutrition Lab • Ranges: including >100 vegetable species

  26. Important Indigenous Vegetable Crops in Africa Spider-plant (Gynandropsis gynandra) Jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius) African eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum) Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) Sunhemp (Crotolaria ochroleuca) Pumpkin (Curcubita pepo) Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) Moringa (Moringa Olifera)

  27. Precursors - Nutritional Kits • Awareness & Promotion: • Training in growing, processing, preservation and cooking • Tanzania (2007) - 8000 seed packs distributed • Home Gardens (6 m x 6 m): • 170 to 250 kg of vegetables produced over a year • Seed Production: • 28 seed companies in ESA engaged alongside AVRDC

  28. African Vegetable Dishes --Nutrition Improved Recipes

  29. Need for quality control post harvest • Inadequate grading • Inadequate washing • Inadequate packaging • Lack of cold storage • Lack of essential infrastructure

  30. Improving food supply by reducing postharvest loss Percentage of funding provided for horticultural development efforts over the past 30 years Reducing postharvest losses for fresh produce is an integral part of sustainable agricultural development 5% 95% Reducing postharvest loss Increasing production • Source: Kader and Rolle 2004

  31. Value Chains ….. also a Chain of Values $$$$ Safe Production (GAP) Healthy Living High return (Income, Social Capital) on investment (Labor, Time, Water, Land, Inputs)

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