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Types of Human Tissues page 12

Types of Human Tissues page 12. Learning Objectives. To describe and identify the types of tissues in the human body. What is a Tissue?. A Tissue is a group or mass of cells working together to perform common functions. Hard (bone), semisolid (fat), or liquid (blood)

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Types of Human Tissues page 12

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  1. Types of Human Tissues page 12

  2. Learning Objectives • To describe and identify the types of tissues in the human body.

  3. What is a Tissue? • A Tissue is a group or mass of cells working together to perform common functions. • Hard (bone), semisolid (fat), or liquid (blood) • Histology- the study of tissues • Pathologist- scientist that specializes in the laboratory study of cells and tissues for diagnosis of diseases.

  4. Four Major Types of Tissues • 1. Epithelial Tissue- Forms protective coverings (skin and organ coverings) • 2. Connective Tissue- Support soft body parts and bind structures together. • 3. Muscle Tissue- Produces body movements and generates body heat. • 4. Nervous Tissue- Conduct impulses that help control and coordinate body activities.

  5. How are Tissues Made? • Tissues of the body develop from three primary germ layers: • Ectoderm • Endoderm • Mesoderm

  6. Epithelial Tissue

  7. Functions: • Protection • Sensory • Secretion • Absorption • Excretion

  8. General Characteristics: • Covers all body surfaces both inside and out. • Main glandular (glands) tissue. • Attached to underlying connective tissue at the basement membrane. • Lacks blood vessels- no blood supply • Cells reproduce rapidly (rapid healing) • Cells tightly packed together.

  9. It takes about 27 days for the outer skin to shed and be replaced; that works out to 1.5 pounds of skin cells per year.

  10. Epithelial tissue Classification

  11. Cell Shapes: • Squamous- flat • Cuboidal- square • Columnar- column (rectangular).

  12. Number of cell layers: • Simple: single layer • Stratified: 2 or more layers

  13. 1. Simple Squamous Epithelium: • Single-layer of thin, flattened cells • Cells fit tightly together, like floor tiles, and nucleus is centrally located and appears flattened oval or sphere • Function: diffusion and filtration • Location: Air sacs (alveoli) in lungs and walls of capillaries (transfer of substances between blood and organs)

  14. 2. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium- • Single-layer of cube-shaped cells • Centrally located, spherical nuclei • Function: secretion and absorption • Location: Kidney tubules, ducts and coverings the ovaries of ovaries

  15. 3. Simple Columnar Epithelium- • Single–layer of column shaped cells • Oval nuclei near the base • May have cilia • Function: secretion and absorption • Location: Found in digestive tract and uterus

  16. 4. Stratified Squamous Epithelium- • Many layers of squamous (flattened) cells • Functions in protection • Location: Found in skin (epidermis), mouth, esophagus, vagina, and anal canal.

  17. 5. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium- • Two or three layers of cuboidal cells surrounding a lumen • Function: Provides more protection • Location: Lines ducts of mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and pancreas.

  18. Lumen

  19. 6. Stratified Columnar Epithelium • Several layers of columnar cells • Functions in secretion and protection • Location: Found in part of the male urethra and lining the larger ducts of exocrine glands.

  20. Connect the Epithelium Types Single-layer, cube shaped Stratified Columnar Many layers, columnar shaped Simple Squamous Several layers, flat cells Simple cuboidal Single-layer, flat cells Stratified squamous

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