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Chemiosmosis

Chemiosmosis. CO 2. H 2 O. 32. 2. 2. Glycolysis. # ATP Produced = Net Gain of 2 Electron Carriers = Produces NADH Oxygen = NOT required (anaerobic) Where? = In the Cytoplasm What Happens? = 1 molecule of Glucose is split into 2 molecules of Pyruvic Acid (pyruvate). Net Gain of.

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Chemiosmosis

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  1. Chemiosmosis CO2 H2O 32 2 2

  2. Glycolysis • # ATP Produced = Net Gain of 2 • Electron Carriers = Produces NADH • Oxygen = NOT required (anaerobic) • Where? = In the Cytoplasm • What Happens? = 1 molecule of Glucose is split into 2 molecules of Pyruvic Acid (pyruvate)

  3. Net Gain of In Mitochondria Aerobic OR Anaerobic Fermentation in the Cytosol

  4. Fermentation • # ATP Produced = NONE • Electron Carriers = Produces NAD+ • Oxygen = NOT required (anaerobic) • Where? = In the Cytoplasm • What Happens? = If oxygen is NOT available, Pyruvic Acid is broken down into either Ethanol & CO2 (yeast) or Lactic Acid (animals) INSTEAD of going through the Kreb’s Cycle

  5. Alcoholic Fermentation

  6. Kreb’s Cycle • # ATP Produced = 2 • Electron Carriers = Produces 8 NADH and 2 FADH2 • Oxygen = REQUIRED (aerobic) • Where? = In the Mitochondria (matrix)

  7. Kreb’s Cycle • What Happens? = If oxygen IS available, fermentation does NOT happen. • Pyruvic Acid is converted into Acetyl CoA. • This joins with oxaloacetic acid to form citric acid. • Citric Acid goes through a cycle where CO2 and electron carriers are formed. • The original pyruvic acid molecules are completely broken down into CO2.

  8. Kreb’s (Citric Acid)Cycle

  9. Electron Transport Chain • # ATP Produced = 32 • Electron Carriers = Uses NADH and FADH2 to produce a H+ ion gradient • Oxygen = REQUIRED (aerobic) • Where? = In the Mitochondria (across INNER membrane)

  10. Electron Transport Chain • What Happens? = • The electron carriers (NADH & FADH2) are used to pump H+ions across the inner membrane (from the Matrix to the Intermembrane Space). • This creates a concentration gradient that allows ATPsynthase to convert ADP into ATP (chemiosmosis). • 6 H2O is produced as a byproduct of ETC.

  11. Electron Transport Chain INTERMEMBRANE SPACE HIGH INNER MEMBRANE LOW MATRIX

  12. Cellular Respiration Videos • ETC Animation http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/etc.html • Mr. Anderson http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gh2P5CmCC0M

  13. http://www.sciencegeek.net/Biology/review/U2RespFillin.htm

  14. Comparison of Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

  15. Chemiosmosis CO2 H2O 32 2 2

  16. Purpose Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Break Down Carbohydrates into Chemical Energy (ATP) to be used to Power Life Processes Convert Sunlight into Chemical Energy in order to Build Carbohydrates for use as Food

  17. Sequence of Steps Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Glycolysis  Krebs Cycle  Electron Transport Chain (& Chemiosmosis) Light Dependent Reaction (Light Absorption in Photosystems 2 then 1 & Chemiosmosis)  Calvin Cycle

  18. Location Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Mitochondria: Glycolysis = Cytoplasm (outside mitochondria) Krebs Cycle = Matrix ETC = Inner Membrane Chloroplast: • Light Dependent = Thylakoid • Calvin Cycle = Stroma

  19. Reactants Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Glucose & Oxygen Glycolysis = Glucose Krebs Cycle = Oxygen & Pyruvate (acetyl CoA) ETC = Oxygen, NADH, FADH2, & ADP Light, Water & Carbon Dioxide • Light Dependent = Water (6 H2O) • Calvin Cycle = Carbon Dioxide (6 CO2)

  20. Reactants Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Carbon Dioxide, Water, & ATP Glycolysis = 2 Pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH Krebs Cycle = 2 ATP, 8 NADH, 2 FADH2, 6 CO2 ETC = 6 H2O, 32 ATP Glucose & Oxygen • Light Dependent = Oxygen (6 O2), ATP, & NADPH • Calvin Cycle = Glucose (C6H12O6)

  21. Equation Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light  C6H12O6 + 6O2

  22. Review Videos • Mr. Anderson Photos. & CR http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0IJMRsTcwcg

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