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Rwandan Genocide: The Hutu Insurgency against the Tutsi People

Rwandan Genocide: The Hutu Insurgency against the Tutsi People. By Matt Beal. Rwanda Geography. Extremely Mountainous Country One source of the Nile River. Example of typical mountains for Rwanda. Located in Central Africa. Political Map of Rwanda. Hutu and Tutsi. Origins

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Rwandan Genocide: The Hutu Insurgency against the Tutsi People

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  1. Rwandan Genocide:The Hutu Insurgency against the Tutsi People By Matt Beal

  2. Rwanda Geography • Extremely Mountainous Country • One source of the Nile River Example of typical mountains for Rwanda

  3. Located in Central Africa Political Map of Rwanda

  4. Hutu and Tutsi • Origins • Very similar people Current Tutsi President of Rwanda, Paul Kagame. Third President of Rwanda, Hutu, Juvénal Habyarimana

  5. Why the Fighting? • Lived in perfect harmony prior to 1890’s • European Colonialism • Germans- Believed only the Tutsi were fit for power • Belgians- practiced similar policies in regards to power delegation • Animosity begins to grow • Hutu began to resent the power that minority Tutsi had over them. • Tutsi began to resent Belgian control • Hutu Control A Rwandan man being “identified” by colonial census agents.

  6. Rwandan Patriotic Front and Civil war • The Rwandan Patriotic Front • Formed in 1987 • In 1990 RPF invaded Rwanda and Civil War began • RPF Forces gained good ground the first two days • Used surprise and terrain to their advantage • French intervention • Stalemate reached • Ashura Accords • Ceasefire signed in 1993 • Catastrophe • Hutu reaction The RPF flag, still proudly used by some today.

  7. Genocide Begins • Hutu Moderates Targeted as well • Gisenyi • News of assassination spreads • Attacks were extremely precise and coordinated Newspaper showing the horrors of the massacre

  8. Last Chance for Tutsi • UN withdraws • Romeo Dallaire • Tried to defend as many known Tutsi hideouts in Kigali as he could • May 17,1994 • RPF forces march through Kigali

  9. Aftermath • Fears of retaliation • Hutu feared Tutsi Retribution and fled across border • Tutsi in Zaire • Laws against discrimination • General to President • Trust Issues • Economic difficulties • Currently rebounding • Rwandan Resilience Hutu refugee camp in Zaire

  10. Resources • The CIA World Factbook. 2012. Rwanda. • Des Forges, A. 1999. Leave No One to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda. Human Rights Watch. • Freedman, S., H. Weinstein, and T. Longman. 2006. The Republic of Rwanda. University of California Regents. • Hymowitz, S., and A. Parker. History of the Tutsi and Hutus. American University Washington College of Law Center for Human Rights and Humanitarian Law • Irish, J. 2012. French probe exonerates Rwanda leader in genocide. Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/01/10/us-rwanda- genocide-report-idUSTRE80924720120110 • Kinzer, S. 2008. A Thousand Hills: Rwanda's Rebirth and the Man Who Dreamed It. London • Orth, R. 2001. Rwanda’s Hutu Extremist Insurgency: An Eyewitness Perspective. Former US Defense Attaché in Kigali • Prunier, G. 1995. The Rwanda Crisis. Columbia University Press. • New York. The Rwandan Genocide and its Aftermath. • United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. 2000.

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