APPLICATION OF UNITED STATES EMPLOYMENT LAWS TO MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES Michael W. Hawkins, Esq.

1. APPLICATION OF UNITED STATES EMPLOYMENT LAWS TO MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES Michael W. Hawkins, Esq. Dinsmore & Shohl LLP 美国劳工法对跨国公司的适用 Michael W. Hawkins律师（Dinsmore & Shohl事务所）

2. What obligations to foreign employers have when operating in the U.S.? What obligations to U.S. employers have when operating in foreign countries? ■ 外国雇主公司在美国开展业务活动需承担哪些义务？ ■ 美国雇主公司在国外开展业务活动需承担哪些义务？ Labor & Employment Lawsin a Global Economy

3. • April 2003, EEOC fact sheet on “The Equal Employment Opportunity Responsibilities of Multinational Employers” • Multinational employers operating in U.S. or its territories are subject to EEO laws unless other treaty or binding agreement controls • Result - Covered by age, race, sex, national origin, and disability laws and breach of contract and employment torts ■ 2003年4月，美国联邦平等就业机会委员会（EEOC）发布“跨国公司雇主提供平等就业机会的责任”简报  ■ 在美国或美国领域内开展业务活动的跨国公司雇主应遵守有关平等就业机会的法律 ——适用两国签署的条约或具有约束力的协定除外  ■ 结果——适用有关不能基于年龄、种族、性别、原国籍或残疾而歧视或解雇职员的法律法规，以及违反劳动合同和劳动侵权等 Operations in the U.S. orU.S. Territories

4. U.S. Discrimination laws apply to U.S. citizens working in foreign countries if working for: U.S. employer or Foreign employer controlled by U.S. employer 美国反歧视法适用于在国外为以下雇主工作的的美国公民： ——美国雇主公司 ——由美国雇主公司控制的外国雇主 Employers Operating Abroad: What U.S. Employment Laws Apply

5. The following factors are used to determine the nationality of an employer Place of incorporation Principal place of business Nationality of dominant shareholders Nationality and location of management 雇主公司国籍的确定因素 ——成立地点 ——主营业地 ——控股股东的国籍 ——管理层人员国籍和所在地 Determining Nationality of Employer

6. Factors to consider to determine whether an American employer controls a foreign firm: Interrelation of operations Common management Centralized control of labor relations Common ownership or financial control 确定美国雇主公司是否对外国公司享有控制权时需考虑的因素： —— 业务关联性 ——共同管理 ——劳动关系集中管理 ——共同所有权或财政控制权 Determining Control of Foreign Corporation

7. It is not illegal to violate the statutes if compliance would cause the employer to violate the laws of the country in which the workplace is located. 雇主公司为避免违反工作地点所在国的法律而违反（美国）有关法规不构成违法。 Foreign Laws Defense

8. Michael W. Hawkins, Esq. Dinsmore & Shohl LLP 255 E. Fifth Street, Suite 1900 Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 (513) 977-8270 Fax: (513) 977-8141 michael.hawkins@dinslaw.com Michael W. Hawkins 律师 美国俄亥俄州辛辛那提市 第五大街东255号1900楼 电话：（513）977－8270 传真：（513）977－8141 电子邮件：michael.Hawkins@dinslaw.com Dinsmore & Shohl LLP