The Spanish-American War

1. The Spanish-American War Chapter 9 Section 2

2. Why it matters? • When America went to war against Spain, the United States acquired colonies and became a world power.

3. Causes of the War • Cubans rebel against Spanish Rule • The Yellow Press Inflames Opinion • The battleship Maine Blows Up

4. 1. Cubans Rebel against Spanish rule • Spain had imperialistic control over Cuba • American entrepreneurs invested millions in sugar cane plantations in Cuba • Cuba was very unstable, they wanted freedom from Spain. • Cuba rebelled against Spanish rule. • Jose Marti launched a war for independence from Spain. Rebel fighters used guerilla tactics against Spanish forces. • Brutality of Spanish Tactics

5. The Cubans’ struggle for freedom and democracy against Spain as an imperialistic power, is similar to what event that occurred in the United States?

6. 2. The Yellow Press Inflames Opinion • Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst were rival newspaper publishers increased the dislike of the Spanish government. • Their publications were called the Yellow Press because they featured a popular comic strip character called The Yellow Kid. • President William McKinley warned Spanish to establish peace. Rebels insisted on independence but Spain refused.

7. 2. The Yellow Press Inflames Opinion Cont. • McKinley ordered The USS Maine to Havana to protect Americans in Cuba. • Hearst publishes stolen letter calling McKinley a weak, stupid, politician. This letter fueled American jingoism which is aggressive nationalism.

8. 3. The Maine Blows Up • The USS Maineexplodes in Havana harbor. • The Yellow Press accused Spain of blowing up the battleship. • A “Mine” destroys the battleship

9. The Nation Goes to War • Patriotism within America . “Remember the Maine!” • McKinley asked congress for the authority to use force against Spain to end the fighting in Cuba. • The 4th resolution was the Teller Amendment whichproposedthat the United States could not take possession of Cuba. • The Navy blockaded Cuban ports

10. American Troops Battle the Spanish • 1. Dewey Takes the Philippines • 2. U.S. Forces Win in Cuba

11. 1. Dewey Takes the Philippines • Commodore George Dewey led the Americans in victory of the Battle of Manila Bay. • Dewey was proclaimed a hero. • Filipino nationalists led by Emilio Aguinaldo were defeating the Spanish army. • In August, Spanish troops surrendered to the United States.

13. 2. U.S. Forces Win in Cuba • American troops landed in Cuba in June 1898. • U.S. Marines captured Guantanamo Bay, a province of Cuba. • The Battle of Santiago • "Rough Riders" was the name given to the first U.S. Volunteer Cavalry under the leadership of Theodore Roosevelt. • The soldiers were issued out of date weapons and wool uniforms.

15. Effects of “the splendid little war” • The Treaty of Paris • Americans Debate Imperialism • America Assumes a New Role in the World

16. 1. The Treaty of Paris • The Treaty of Paris officially ended the war. • Spain gave up control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Pacific Island of Guam. • Philippines sold to America for $20 million dollars • The Teller Amendment prevented the United States from taking possession of Cuba.

17. 2. Americans Debate Imperialism • Imperialistic supports wanted to maintain power over the Philippines. • Anti-imperialists formed the Anti-Imperialistic League. • This league argued against Imperialism, saying that it is a “crime” • Through the debate against Imperialistic supporters and Anti-imperialists, senate had to consider ratifying the Treaty of Paris. • In 1899, the treaty was ratified.

18. 3. American Assumes a New Role in the World • William Jennings Bryan ran against William McKinley for the presidency. • McKinley defeated Bryan • Reelection of McKinley. This signaled American’s continuing faith in his imperialistic policies.

19. As a result of the War… • the United States had an empire and a new stature in world affairs. • The war marked a turning point in American foreign policy. • America has become a world power.