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The Right to the City

The Right to the City. Vidyadhar K. Phatak Presented at The 21 st Century Indian City: Developing an Agenda for Urbanization in India March 23, 2011. Fundamental Rights. Indian Constitution bestowed fundamental rights to citizens. to move freely throughout the territory of India

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The Right to the City

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  1. The Right to the City Vidyadhar K. Phatak Presented at The 21st Century Indian City: Developing an Agenda for Urbanization in India March 23, 2011

  2. Fundamental Rights Indian Constitution bestowed fundamental rights to citizens. • to move freely throughout the territory of India • to reside and settle in any of the territory of India • to practise any profession or to carry on any profession trade or business

  3. Economic Outcome

  4. Living Outcome

  5. Living Outcome

  6. Living Outcome

  7. Living Outcome

  8. Rights of CITYzens Right to • Safe drinking water • Sanitation • Safe pedestrian movement • Education – schools – playgrounds • Primary health care • Safe environment • Minimum shelter

  9. How to ensure Rights? • Control urbanization, India lives in villages • Control city size distribution – disperse manufacturing, promote small and medium cities • Town planning regulations, building codes, enforcement

  10. How to ensure Rights • Impose rent control • Acquire land by paying ‘amount’ instead of ‘compensation’ • Impose urban land ceiling • Public housing

  11. How to ensure Rights? • Create financial intermediaries • HUDCO / NHB / IDFC / IIFCL • TNUDF / MUINFRA • Induce ULBs to access capital market through Municipal Bonds or Pooled Finance (USAID) • Access World Bank / IDA / DIFID funds • Induce reforms through funding infrastructure

  12. Who should deliver? 74th Constitutional Amendment in 1992 • State Finance Commissions • Metropolitan Planning Committees • Municipalities • Ward Committees • Area sabhas

  13. Who actually delivers? • Fund led reforms driven by national government • State governments act • Local governments follow

  14. Rights to the City?

  15. Thank you

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