Job Safety& Environmental Analysis

1. Job Safety&Environmental Analysis

2. Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA) • Statistics indicate that the most frequent way workers are killed is through: • Falls • Not recognizing the dangers of machinery • Electrocution

3. Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA) • Management processes must be in place to ensure workers have the skills to complete the job and that there is a required level of supervision to ensure tasks are completed properly. • Processes to monitor do not need to require a lot of time or paperwork. • Take a few minutes before each significant task to evaluate the situation.

4. Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA) • Two Kinds of Analysis: • Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA): • Best used for stationary or repetitive tasks. • Determines physical requirements, environmental conditions and safety factors relating to the task.

5. Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA) • Steps of a JSEA • Write down the steps of the task. Determine where a change in activity, change in direction or movement takes place. • Identify hazard and mitigate it if possible. • Recommend actions for hazard mitigation and control measures.

6. Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA) • Control measures may include: • Administrative controls such as training, hazardous energy control, or changing how the task is completed. • Engineering controls such as mechanical assistance, equipment redesign, housekeeping or ventilation. • Personal Protective Equipment such as respiratory equipment, hearing protection or clothing.

7. Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA) • Develop a worksite diagram that includes identified hazards and evacuation routes, and assembly area. • Conduct a tailgate safety meeting with affected parties. • Use the Stop Work Authority when work deviates from the analysis document.

8. Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA) • The most effective time to perform a JSEA is dictated by the specific environment as well as the turnover of new employees. • Before work is the recommended time to conduct a JSEA.

9. Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA) • 2.Job Hazard Analysis (JHA): • Focuses on the relationship between the worker, task, tools and the work environment. • Supervisors can use the findings of a JHA to eliminate and prevent hazards in their workplace.

10. Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA) • Use of JHAs may lead to: • Fewer worker injuries and illnesses. • Safer, more effective work methods. • Reduced workers’ compensation costs. • Increased worker productivity.

11. Job Safety & Environmental Analysis (JSEA) • Using JSEA and JHA approaches recognizes that different trades do different tasks. • Many tasks are done routinely and done safely but some are not. • Luck should not be a part of whether someone gets hurt or not.

12. Review

13. Hazard Communication(Right to Know Standard)

14. Hazard Communication • There are two basic types of chemical hazards the regulation applies to – Healthand Physical. • Chemicals are present in all aspects of our lives, home and work. Chemicals present a hazard when they are not properly used, stored, labeled, mixed and handled. • The “Right to Know” standard is important so that you may protect yourself from chemical hazard injury.

15. Hazard Communication • Health Hazards • When a chemical shows significant evidence of a potential injury or illness, when in contact with the chemical through absorption. • Body Surface • Ingestion • Inhalation • Body Openings

16. Hazard Communication • Physical Hazards • When the chemical has evidence that it is a compressed gas, oxidizer, reactive, organic peroxide, pyrophoric, explosive and flammable. • Chemicals in one state might be harmless, while in another state they are life threatening.

17. Hazard Communication • Physical Hazards • Examples of physical hazards exist when chemical hazards are: • Oxidized • Explosive • Unstable (reactive) • Combustible • Flammable • Pyrophoric

18. Hazard Communication • Classification of Hazards • The seven most common classifications of hazards are: • Irritant – causes swelling or rash on the skin from the chemical coming in contact with the body. • Reactive – chemical materials that are self explosive or violent when used with another substance under certain temperatures, pressure or shock.

19. Hazard Communication • Classification of Hazards • Flammable – chemical materials with a flash point below 100° Fahrenheit. The flash point is achieved when the liquid or solid gives off enough vapor to ignite. • Corrosive – chemical materials which cause a bad burn to the skin such as acids and ammonia.

20. Hazard Communication • Classification of Hazards • Explosive – a sudden release of gas and heat when subjected to sudden pressure, shock or high temperatures. • Radioactive – materials which give off harmful radiation which may cause death or serious lifetime physical effects.

21. Hazard Communication • Classification of Hazards • Toxic – a toxic chemical may cause serious injury or death when exposed through the skin, swallowing, breathing, or through body openings. • Factors that determine the toxicity are: • Length of exposure • Chemical combination • Sensitivity • Amount of exposure

22. Hazard Communication • Entry Ways for Chemical Exposure • Skin – some effects are skin burn, irritation, or rash without the use of proper PPE. • Inhalation/Breathing – inhaling of toxic vapors or dust from chemical exposure without air breathing equipment.

23. Hazard Communication • Entry Ways for Chemical Exposure • Ingestion – accidentally swallowing chemicals when coming in contact with items such as food or drink. Wash hands before eating or drinking. • Body Openings – Eyes, ears, mouth and cuts. Proper PPE is critical to reduce this exposure.

24. Hazard Communication • Container Labeling • The Hazcom standard requires all containers (in use or in storage) of hazardous chemicals to include three information items on each container label. • Chemical name • Hazardous warnings • Name and address of the manufacturer or inspector

25. Hazard Communication • Container Labeling • In plant chemical labels must also include on the container the target organ which may be effected and how. • Labels may also include what PPE should be used during handling. • Unlabeled containers must be reported to your supervisor before handling the chemical.

26. Hazard Communication • Labeling Agencies • Containers may have one or a combination of labels which represent the four standard labeling agencies. • National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) • Department of Transportation (DOT) • American National Standards Institute (ANSI) • Hazardous Material Information System (HMIS)

27. Hazard Communication • National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) • Label has a diamond design using four squares for hazard designation. • Red= Flammability • Yellow= Reactivity • White = Special Hazard • Blue= Health 0=least hazardous 4=most hazardous

28. Hazard Communication • Department of Transportation (DOT) • Label has a diamond design and is color coded to represent the different hazards. • Orange= Explosive • White = Toxic • Black & White – Corrosive • Yellow= Oxidizer • Yellow & White = Radioactive • Red= Flammable • Red Striped = Solid Flammable

29. Hazard Communication • American National Standards Institute (ANSI) • Square shaped with information labeled in one of four categories: • 1. Flammable • 2. Toxic • 3. Reactive • 4. Corrosive • Danger, Warning and Caution may also be used for additional information.

30. Hazard Communication • Hazardous Material Information System (HMIS) • Square shaped with four categories noted by the hazard number 0-4. • Health • Flammability • Reactivity • PPE

31. Hazard Communication • Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) • MSDS are required to be available for each chemical that an employee will be handling. • There are nine areas of information regarding the identification, safe use and hazards of the chemical. • You need to be familiar with the MSDS before an emergency arises.

32. Hazard Communication • Identification • Contains contact information about the chemical manufacturer, which can be important in the event of an emergency.

33. Hazard Communication • Hazardous Components • Scientific name and common name of the chemical are listed here. • Exposure limited are also found here.

34. Hazard Communication • Physical/Chemical Characteristics Section • Indicates boiling point, vapor pressure and density, melting point, specific gravity, appearance and odor.

35. Hazard Communication • Fire & Explosion Hazard Data Section • Provides information on explosive and fire properties, special procedures and general extinguishing information.

36. Hazard Communication • Reactivity Data • Rates the chemical stability, hazardous decomposition or byproducts.

37. Hazard Communication • Health Hazard Data • Relates to health hazards (acute and chronic) symptoms, routes of entry and target organs.

38. Hazard Communication • Health Hazard Data cont. • Relates to health hazards (acute and chronic) symptoms, routes of entry and target organs.

39. Hazard Communication • Precautions for Safe Handling and Use • Covers steps to be taken in case of a spill or release of the chemical; waste disposal and storage procedure.

40. Hazard Communication • Special Protection • What PPE should be worn to reduce exposure and ventilation requirements.

41. Hazard Communication • Special Precaution • This section does not appear on all MSDS forms; however, if included it will explain required handling and storing precautions.

42. Hazard Communication • PPE • The purpose of PPE is to prevent injury or illness when handling hazardous or toxic chemicals. • The use of PPE will keep the employee working with the chemical within a safe limit. • Employees should make every effort to use the least hazardous chemical when conducting a task where chemicals are required.

43. Hazard Communication • Employee Training • Employers are to inform their employees of the following: • OSHA Hazard Communication Standard. • List of hazardous chemicals present in your work environment. • Hazardous communication plan. • How to use MSDS sheets and labels. • PPE to be used by the employee when working with hazardous chemicals.

44. Review

45. Incident PreventionSigns and Tags

46. Incident Prevention Signs and Tags • Signs and tags are used to define specific hazards that may lead to incidental injury to workers or the public, or to property damage. • Wording of signs should be: • Easy to read and concise. • Contain sufficient information to be understood. • Make a positive suggestion.

47. Incident Prevention Signs and Tags • Examples of a major message on signs or tags: • High Voltage • Close Clearance • Do Not Start • Do Not Use • Major messages can be in the form of: • Written text, or • Pictures, or • Both

48. Incident Prevention Signs and Tags • Signs: • DANGER:A hazardous situation in which a high probability of death or severe injury exists. Recommended to be predominantlyRED. • CAUTION:A hazardous situation which may result in minor or moderate injury. Recommended to be predominantlyYELLOW.

49. Incident Prevention Signs and Tags • Signs: • Warning: A hazard level between Danger and Caution. • Safety Instruction: Conveys reminders or general instructions relative to safe work practices.

50. Incident Prevention Signs and Tags • Signs: • NOTICE: Provides information of general type in order to avoid confusion or misunderstanding. • Biological Hazard: Used to signify the actual or potential presence of a biohazard. Signage will be fluorescent orange or orange red. • Shall include only those infectious agents that present risk or potential risk to the well-being of a person.