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Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6)

Learn about Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6), a network-based IP mobility management protocol that provides mobility support to IPv6 hosts without requiring host participation in mobility signaling. This article covers the background, features, IPv4 support, and interworking with Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6).

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Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6)

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  1. Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) Youn-Hee Han yhhan@kut.ac.kr Korea University of Technology and EducationInternet Computing Laboratory http://icl.kut.ac.kr

  2. Outline • Background • PMIPv6 (Proxy Mobile IPv6) Overview • PMIPv6 Features • IPv4 Support for PMIPv6 • PMIPv6 and MIPv6 (Mobile IPv6) Interworking • Summary KRnet 2007

  3. Background KRnet 2007

  4. Background • Host-based Mobile IPv4/v6 (RFC 3344/3775) has not been yet deployed that much. • Why host-based MIP is not deployed yet? • Too heavy specification to be implemented at a small terminal • RFC 3344 (MIPv4): 99 pages • RFC 3775 (MIPv6): 165 pages • Battery problem • Waste of air resource • No Stable MIPv4/v6 stack executed in Microsoft Windows CE OS KRnet 2007

  5. Background • WLAN switch device starts to provide link specific and proprietary solution for IP handover. • No change in MN protocol stack required! The solution works by tunneling traffic from the access point to the WLSM through your Layer 3 core network.No changes to the client devices or the underlying infrastructure are required KRnet 2007

  6. Background • 3GPP, 3GPP2 and WiMAX operators are now showing their STRONG interests for network-based IP mobility solution • They are even now deploying their non-standardized network-based IP mobility solution (not Mobile IPv4/v6!). • IETF NetLMM WG started to standardize a network-based mobility management protocol. • 63th IETF (2005.7) • The first NetLMM BoF • 64th IETF (2005.11) • The second NetLMM BoF • 65th IETF (2006.03) • The first NetLMM WG • 66th,67th,68thIETF (2006.07, 2006.11, 2007.03) • The one of very active WGs in IETF meetings • Almost 150~200 persons usually participates in the NetLMM WG • Proxy Mobile IPv6 adopted as WG item KRnet 2007

  7. IETF NetLMM WG History • NetLMM DT solution (draft-giaretta-netlmm-dt-protocol) : designed from the scratch • Cisco’s solution (draft-ietf-netlmm-proxymip6) : Proxy Mobile IPv6 (leverage MIPv6) • Motorola’s solution (draft-singh-netlmm-protocol) • WG Chair (James Kempf, NTT) resigned after 67th meeting → Vidya Narayanan (Qualcomm) • WG Chair (Phil Roberts, Motorola) resigned after 68th meeting → Jonne Soininen (Nokia) KRnet 2007

  8. Internet Drafts of PMIPv6 • IETF PMIPv6 Drafts History • Individual • S. Gundavelli (CISCO), K. Leung (CISCO), and V. Devarapalli (Azaire Networks), “Proxy Mobile IPv6,” draft-sgundave-mipv6-proxymipv6-00, October 16, 2006. • S. Gundavelli (CISCO), K. Leung (CISCO), and V. Devarapalli (Azaire Networks), K. Chowdhury (Starent Networks), “Proxy Mobile IPv6,” draft-sgundave-mipv6-proxymipv6-01, January 5, 2007. • S. Gundavelli (CISCO), K. Leung (CISCO), and V. Devarapalli (Azaire Networks), K. Chowdhury (Starent Networks), B. Patil (Nokia), “Proxy Mobile IPv6,” draft-sgundave-mipv6-proxymipv6-02, March 5, 2007. • Official WG Item • S. Gundavelli (CISCO), K. Leung (CISCO), and V. Devarapalli (Azaire Networks), K. Chowdhury (Starent Networks), B. Patil (Nokia), “Proxy Mobile IPv6,” draft-ietf-netlmm-proxymip6-00.txt, April 8, 2007. KRnet 2007

  9. Goal of PMIPv6 • Goal • This protocol is for providing mobility support to any IPv6 host within a restricted and topologically localized portion of the network and without requiring the host to participate in any mobility related signaling. registration (being extended) PMIPv6 Scenario KRnet 2007

  10. PMIPv6 Overview LMA: Localized Mobility AgentMAG: Mobile Access Gateway IP Tunnel A IPinIP tunnel LMA and MAG. LMA Home NetworkMN’s Home Network (Topological Anchor Point) MN’s Home Network Prefix (MN-HNP) CAFE:1:/64 MAG1 Host A LMA Address (LMAA) That will be the tunnel entry-point. LMM (Localized Mobility Management)Domain MAG2 MN’s Home Network Prefix (MN-HNP) CAFE:2:/64 Proxy Binding Update (PBU) Control message sent out by MAG to LMA to register its correct location Host B MN Home Address (MN-HoA) MN continues to use it as long as it roams within a same domain Proxy Care of Address (Proxy-CoA) The address of MAG. That will be the tunnel end-point. KRnet 2007

  11. PMIPv6 Overview • New entities • LMA (Local Mobility Anchor) • Home Agent for the mobile node in the PMIPv6 domain • Assigns MN's home prefix and manages the MN's reachability state • MAG (Mobile Access Gateway) • Manages the mobility related signaling for a mobile node • Tracking the mobile node's attachment to the link and for signaling the MN's LMA • Assumptions (or Restrictions) • Link between MN and MAG is a point-to-point link (not shared link) • Logically exclusive layer 3 link between MN and MAG • Per-MN Prefix model • unique home network prefix is assigned to MN • Support both Steteless and Stateful address configuration modes KRnet 2007

  12. PMIPv6 Operation Flow PBU: Proxy Binding UpdatePBA: Proxy Binding Ack. • RA*: MN의 Prefix를 Policy Store에서 수신한 경우의 Router Advertisement • RA**: MN의 Prefix를 LMA에서 수신한 경우의 Router Advertisement MN MAG AAA&Policy Store LMA CN MN Attachment AAA Query with MN-ID AAA Reply with Profile RA* PBU with MN-ID, Home Network Prefix option, Timestamp option PBA with MN-ID, Home Network Prefix option RA** Tunnel Setup Optional DHCP Server DHCP Request DHCP Request DHCP Response DHCP Response [MN-HoA:CN](data) [Proxy-CoA:LMAA][MN-HoA:CN](data) [MN-HoA:CN](data) KRnet 2007

  13. PMIPv6 Features • Home in Any Place • Network Entry (or Handover) Procedures • After MN attachment, MAG gets MN’s profile • MN-Identity • LMA address and other configuration parameters • Obtain MN’s home network prefix information • Static Scheme • Get it from Profile • Dynamic Scheme • Get it from LMA via PBU/PBA • Now MAG have enough information to emulate MN’s home link • Send the RA (Router Advertisement) messages advertising MN’s home network prefix and other parameters • MN will always obtain its “home network prefix”, any where in the network. • MAG runs on the access router will emulate the home link on its access link. • It will ensure that MN believes it is at its home. KRnet 2007

  14. PMIPv6 Features • Proxy Registration • LMA needs to understand the Proxy Registration • RFC 3775 MIPv6 BU/Back Reuse PBU (Proxy Binding Update) PBA (Proxy Binding Acknowledgement) KRnet 2007

  15. PMIPv6 Features • M:1 Tunnel • LMA-MAG tunnel is a shared tunnel among many MNs. • 1:1 relation  m:1 relation • One tunnel is associated to multiple MNs’ Binding Caches. • Life-time of a tunnel should not be dependent on the life time of any single BCE. • LMA’s Prefix-based Routing • LMA will add prefix routes to MN’s home network prefix over the tunnel. Routing State for a MN stored in LMA KRnet 2007

  16. PMIPv6 Features • MAG establishes IPv6 in IPv6 tunnel with LMA • RA (Router Advertisement) should be UNICASTed to an MN • It will contain MN’s Home Network Prefix Routing State for a MN stored in MAG KRnet 2007

  17. PMIPv6 Features • Any MN is just a IPv6 host • Any MN is just a IPv6 host with its protocol operation consistent with the base IPv6 specification. • All aspects of Neighbor Discovery Protocol will not change. • IPv6 protocol parameter consideration • Lower default-router list cache timeout LLA: Link Local Address (e.g., MAC Address) KRnet 2007

  18. IPv4 Support for PMIPv6 • Two functions supported • IPv4 Transport Network Support • IPv6 in IPv4 tunnel, IPv4 in IPv4 tunnel, NAT Traversal • IPv4 Home Address Mobility • An IPv4-only or dual-stack MN will be able to obtain an IPv4 address (IPv4-MN-HoA) and will be able to roam in that PMIPv6 domain using that address. • The signaling protocol is based on Proxy Mobile IP6. KRnet 2007

  19. IPv4 Support for PMIPv6 • Leveraging the existing Dual Stack Mobile IPv6 (DSMIPv6) protocol • Hesham Soliman (Ed.), “Mobile IPv6 support for dual stack Hosts and Routers (DSMIPv6)”, draft-ietf-mip6-nemo-v4traversal-04.txt, March, 2007 • The new WG draft for IPv4 support for PMIPv6 • R. Wakikawa (Keio Univ.), S. Gundavelli (Cisco), “IPv4 Support for Proxy Mobile IPv6”, draft-ietf-netlmm-pmip6-ipv4-support-00.txt, May 2007 CN HA Tunneled to IPv6 CoA IPv4 Packet v4 Network v6 Network Movement Tunneled to IPv4 CoA IPv6 Packet CN v4 Network v6 Network NAT Tunneled to private IPv4 CoA Private v4 Network Movement KRnet 2007

  20. IPv4 Support for PMIPv6 • PMIPv6’s IPv4 Support [Mobility Binding] V4 Addr. and V6 Addr. PBU (V6 Addr., Proxy CoA v6, V4 Addr.) Dual Stack MNor IPv4 MN Proxy CoAv6 IPv4 traffic CNv4  V4 Addr. IPv6 Tunnel (LMAAv6->Proxy CoAv6) IPv6 traffic CNv6->V6 Addr. Dual Stack MAG Dual Stack LMA <MN in IPv6 domain> [Mobility Binding] V4 Addr. and V6 Addr. PBU (V6 Addr., Proxy CoA v6, V4 Addr.) Dual Stack MNor IPv4 MN Proxy CoAv4 IPv4 traffic CNv4  V4 Addr. IPv4 Tunnel (LMAAv4->Proxy CoAv4) IPv6 traffic CNv6->V6 Addr. Dual Stack MAG Dual Stack LMA <MN in IPv4 domain> KRnet 2007

  21. PMIPv6 and MIPv6 Interworking • V. Devarapalli (Azaire Network), S. Gundavelli (Cisco), K. Chowdhury (Starent Networks), A. Muhanna (Nortel), “Proxy Mobile IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Interworking”, draft-devarapalli-netlmm-pmipv6-mipv6-00.txt, April 2007. • PMIPv6 is typically used for localized mobility management and MIPv6 is applied for global mobility management. • In case of intra-domain movement • the MN and MIPv6 HA are not aware of the movement. • In case of inter-domain movement • It acquires a new MN-HoA in the new domain • It treats the new MN-HoA as the CoA of MIPv6. • It treats the previous MN-HoA as the HoA of MIPv6. • MN sends MIPv6 binding update with the pair (New MN-HoA, Prev. MN-HoA). KRnet 2007

  22. PMIPv6 and MIPv6 Interworking Case #1. MN in a Home Domain PMIPv6 Domain #2 PMIPv6 Domain #3 MIPv6-Home Agent = LMA #1 Binding Cache MAG #1-1 MAG #1-2 HoA CoA Proxy Flag MN-HoA #1 MAG#1-1’s Addr. 1 Proxy BU In the interior of MN, MIPv6-CoA is not needed since all MAGs will emulate the home link. PMIPv6 Domain #1(Mobile IPv6 Home Domain) MIPv6-HoA = MN-HoA #1 KRnet 2007

  23. PMIPv6 and MIPv6 Interworking • Case #2. Movement in a Home Domain PMIPv6 Domain #2 Non-PMIPv6 Domain MIPv6-Home Agent = LMA #1 Binding Cache MAG #1-1 MAG #1-2 HoA CoA Proxy Flag MN-HoA #1 MAG#1-2’s Addr. 1 Proxy BU In the interior of MN, MIPv6-CoA is still not needed since all MAGs will emulate the home link. PMIPv6 Domain #1(Mobile IPv6 Home Domain) PMIPv6 is operated! Still… MIPv6-HoA = MN-HoA #1 KRnet 2007

  24. PMIPv6 and MIPv6 Interworking • Case #3. MN moves to a new domain MAG #2-1 Binding Cache HoA CoA Proxy Flag Proxy BU MN-HoA #2 MAG#2-1’s Addr. 1 MIPv6 BU LMA #2 MAG #2-2 PMIPv6 Domain #2 Non-PMIPv6 Domain MIPv6-Home Agent = LMA #1 Binding Cache HoA CoA Proxy Flag Both MIPv6 and PMIPv6 are operated! MN obtains MN-HoA #2 MN-HoA #1 MN-HoA #2 0 • MN maintains two addresses • - MIPv6-HoA = MN-HoA #1 • MIPv6-CoA = MN-HoA #2 PMIPv6 Domain #1(Mobile IPv6 Home Domain) KRnet 2007

  25. Summary • PMIPv6 can be a way to facilitate the deployment of IP mobility • Reuse deployed infrastructure & Mobile IPv6 functionality • Favorable to ISPs • PMIPv6 is New Idea? • Absolutely No!, but new trend!. It’s a turn for the better! • PMIP is a good example of compromise • Until now, long confrontation • Telecommunication Operators  Internet Developers and Users • It is still RFC 3775 MIP-based one. • But, it follows telco’s favoritism! • More Studies Needed • Route Optimization in PMIPv6 • Fast Handover in PMIPv6 • PMIPv6 over IEEE 802.16/WiBro (Cross-layering Issues) • New Research Areas using PMIPv6 • Network-based Global Mobility • PMIPv6-based NeMo (MANEMO) • PMIPv6-based 6LowPAN Sensor Node Mobility KRnet 2007

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