Android Audio Video

1. Android Audio Video Mobile Application Development Selected Topics – CPIT 490

2. Objective • Playing Audio & Video • Media Player • Recording Audio & Video • Media Recorder • Taking Video, Picture, Audio • Speech Recognition • Telephony • Initiating phone calls • Reading the phone and SIM states • Monitoring changes to the phone

3. Media Format • Audio Formats: • Wav (PCM uncompressed), AAC, MP3, WMA, AMR, OGG, MIDI • Native: 44.1kHz 16 bit stereo • Best sampling: 11kHz, 22kHz, or 44.1kHz • Remember headphones • Good free recording tool: audacity • Video Formats: • MP4 (MPEG-4 low bit rate) • H.263 (3GP) • H.264 (AVC) • More details: • http://developer.android.com/guide/appendix/media-formats.html

4. Media Player • Comprehensive MediaPlayer to simplify the playback of audio and video. • MediaPlayer can play media stored in application resources, local files, Content Providers, or streamed from a network URL. • To play a media resource, create a new MediaPlayer instance, initialize it with a media source, and prepare it for playback. • Once you’ve finished playback, call mediaPlayer.release() to free the associated resources. • Media Player reference: • http://developer.android.com/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer.html

5. Media Player • The Media Player’s management of audio and video files and streams is handled as a state machine. • Initialize the Media Player with media to play. • Prepare the Media Player for playback. • Start the playback. • Pause or stop the playback prior to its completing. • Playback complete.

6. Preparing for Audio Playback • Use the static method, passing in the application Context and create one of the following: • A resource identifier • A URI to a local file using the file:// schema • A URI to an online audio resource as a URL • A URI to a local Content Provider row • Context appContext = getApplicationContext(); • MediaPlayerresourcePlayer = MediaPlayer.create(appContext, R.raw.my_audio); • MediaPlayerfilePlayer = MediaPlayer.create(appContext, Uri.parse("file://sdcard/localfile.mp3")); • MediaPlayerurlPlayer = MediaPlayer.create(appContext, Uri.parse("http://site.com/audio/audio.mp3")); • MediaPlayercontentPlayer = MediaPlayer.create(appContext, Settings.System.DEFAULT_RINGTONE_URI);

7. Preparing for Audio Playback • Alternatively, use the setDataSource method on an existing Media Player instance. • Accepts a file path, Content Provider URI, streaming media URL path, or File Descriptor. • Call prepare on the Media Player before you begin playback • MediaPlayer mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer(); • mediaPlayer.setDataSource("/sdcard/test.3gp"); • mediaPlayer.prepare();

8. Preparing for Video Playback • Need to specify a display surface on which to show the video. • <VideoViewandroid:id="@+id/VideoView“ • android:layout_height="fill_parent" • android:layout_width="fill_parent" > • </VideoView> • <SurfaceViewandroid:id="@+id/surface" • android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" • android:layout_gravity="center"> • </SurfaceView> • Two methods: • Use the VideoView control, encapsulates the creation of a display surface and allocation and preparation of video content within a Media Player. • Specify your own display surface and manipulate the underlying Media Player instance directly.

9. Video Playback using Video View • The Video View supports the playback of local or streaming video as supported by the Media Player component. • Video Views conveniently encapsulate the initialization of the Media Player. • To assign a video to play, call setVideoPath or setVideoUri to specify the path to a local file, or the URI of a Content Provider or remote video stream: • streamingVideoView.setVideoUri("http://www.mysite.com/videos/myvideo.3gp"); • localVideoView.setVideoPath("/sdcard/test2.3gp");

10. Video Playback using Video View • Control playback using the start, stopPlayback, pause, and seekTo methods. • The Video View also includes the setKeepScreenOn method to apply a screen Wake Lock that will prevent the screen from being dimmed while playback is in progress. •   VideoView videoView = (VideoView)findViewById(R.id.videoview); • videoView.setKeepScreenOn(true); • videoView.setVideoPath("/sdcard/test2.3gp"); • if (videoView.canSeekForward()) • videoView.seekTo(videoView.getDuration()/2); • videoView.start(); • [ . . . do something . . . ] • videoView.stopPlayback();

11. Setting a Surface for Video Playback • The Media Player view video content by preparing a Surface onto which the video will be displayed. • The Media Player requires a SurfaceHolder object for displaying video content, assigned using the setDisplay method. • Once created and assigned the Surface Holder to your Media Player, use the setDataSource method to specify the path, URL, or Content Provider URI of the video resource to play. • Call prepare to initialize the Media Player in preparation for playback • To include a Surface Holder in your UI layout you use the SurfaceView control as shown in the sample layout XML

12. Surface for Video Playback • Sample layout including a Surface View • <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> • <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" • android:orientation="vertical" • android:layout_width="fill_parent" • android:layout_height="fill_parent"> • <SurfaceView android:id="@+id/surface" • android:layout_width="wrap_content" • android:layout_height="wrap_content" • android:layout_gravity="center"> • </SurfaceView> • </LinearLayout>

13. Surface for Video Playback • Initializing and assigning a Surface View to a Media Player (1) • public class MyActivity extends Activity implements SurfaceHolder.Callback { • private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer; • @Override • public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { • super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); • mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer(); • SurfaceView surface = (SurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.surface); • SurfaceHolder holder = surface.getHolder(); • holder.addCallback(this); • holder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS); • holder.setFixedSize(400, 300); • }

14. Surface for Video Playback • Initializing and assigning a Surface View to a Media Player (2) • public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { • try { mediaPlayer.setDisplay(holder); • mediaPlayer.setDataSource("/sdcard/test2.3gp"); • mediaPlayer.prepare(); mediaPlayer.start(); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { • Log.d("MEDIA_PLAYER", e.getMessage()); } catch (IllegalStateException e) { • Log.d("MEDIA_PLAYER", e.getMessage()); } catch (IOException e) { • Log.d("MEDIA_PLAYER", e.getMessage()); } } • public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { • mediaPlayer.release(); } • public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) { } • }

15. Controlling Playback • Once a Media Player is prepared, call start to begin playback. • Use the stop and pause methods to stop or pause playback. • The Media Player also provides the getDuration method to find the length of the media being played, and getCurrentPosition to find the playback position. Use seekTo to jump to a specific position. •   mediaPlayer.start(); • int pos = mediaPlayer.getCurrentPosition(); • int duration = mediaPlayer.getDuration(); • mediaPlayer.seekTo(pos + (duration-pos)/10); • [ . . . wait for a duration . . . ] • mediaPlayer.stop();

16. Controlling Playback • Use the isLooping and setLooping methods to specify if the media being played should loop when it completes. • if (!mediaPlayer.isLooping()) mediaPlayer.setLooping(true); • To enable a Wake Lock that will keep the screen on during video playback use the setScreenOnWhilePlaying method. •   mediaPlayer.setScreenOnWhilePlaying(true); • To control the volume for each channel during playback using the setVolume method. It takes a scalar float value between 0 and 1 for both the left and right channels. • mediaPlayer.setVolume(1f, 0.5f);

17. Recording Audio and Video • Two alternatives for recording audio and video within your application: • The simplest is to use Intents to launch the video camera app. This option lets you specify the output location and video recording quality, while letting the native video recording application handle the user experience and error handling. • The other is to use the Media Recorder class. This option lets you to replace the native app, get more fine-grained control over the video capture UI or recording settings.

18. Using Intents to Record Audio/Video • Use the ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE Media Store static constant in an Intent passed to startActivityForResult to launch the native video camera Activity. • startActivityForResult (new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE), RECORD_VIDEO); • The video capture action supports two optional extras • MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT - By default, the video recorded will be stored in the default Media Store. If you want to record it elsewhere, you can specify an alternative URI using this extra. • MediaStore.EXTRA_VIDEO_QUALITY - The video record action allows you to specify an image quality using an integer value: 0 for low (MMS) quality videos or 1 for high (full resolution) videos. By default, the high resolution mode will be used.

19. Using Intents to Record Video • private static int RECORD_VIDEO = 1; • private static int HIGH_VIDEO_QUALITY = 1; • private static int MMS_VIDEO_QUALITY = 0; • private void recordVideo(Uri outputpath) { • Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE); • if (outputpath != null) intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, outputpath); • intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_VIDEO_QUALITY, HIGH_VIDEO_QUALITY); • startActivityForResult(intent, RECORD_VIDEO); • } • @Override • protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { • if (requestCode == RECORD_VIDEO) { Uri recordedVideo = data.getData(); // TODO Do something with the recorded video • } }

20. Using the Media Recorder • Multimedia recording is handled by MediaRecorder class to record audio and/or video files • Your application needs the RECORD_AUDIO and/or RECORD_VIDEO permissions in manifest file. • <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/> • <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_VIDEO"/> • To record, create a new Media Recorder object. • Call release on Media Recorder object to free the associated resources • Reference: • http://developer.android.com/reference/android/media/MediaRecorder.html

21. Using the Media Recorder • The Media Recorder manages recording as a state machine. • Create a new Media Recorder. • Assign it the input sources to record from. • Define the output format. • Specify the audio and video encoder, frame rate, and output size. • Select an output file. • Prepare for recording. • Record. • End recording.

22. Configure Audio/Video Recording • MediaRecorder mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(); • // Configure the input sources • mediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC); • mediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA); • // Set the output format • mediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.DEFAULT); • // Specify the audio and video encoding • mediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.DEFAULT); • mediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.DEFAULT); • // Specify the output file • mediaRecorder.setOutputFile("/sdcard/myoutputfile.mp4"); • // Prepare to record • mediaRecorder.prepare(); • [ ] • mediaRecorder.start(); • [ ] • mediaRecorder.stop(); • mediaRecorder.release();

23. Using Camera and Taking Pictures • The easiest way is using the ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE Media Store static constant in an Intent passed to startActivityForResult • startActivityForResult (new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE), TAKE_PICTURE); • The image capture action supports two modes: • Thumbnail - By default, the picture taken will return a thumbnail Bitmap in the data extra within the Intent parameter returned in onActivityResult. • Call getParcelableExtra specifying the extra name data on the Intent parameter to return the thumbnail as a Bitmap. • Full image - Specify an output URI using a MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT extra in the launch Intent, the full-size image taken by the camera will be saved to the specified location. No thumbnail will be returned in the Activity result callback and the result Intent data will be null.

24. Taking Pictures using Intent • private static int TAKE_PICTURE = 1; • private Uri outputFileUri; • private void getThumbailPicture() { • Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); • startActivityForResult(intent, TAKE_PICTURE); • } • private void saveFullImage() { • Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); • File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "test.jpg"); • outputFileUri = Uri.fromFile(file); • intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, outputFileUri); • startActivityForResult(intent, TAKE_PICTURE); • }

25. Taking Pictures using Intent • @Override • protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent picData) { • if (requestCode == TAKE_PICTURE) { Uri imageUri = null; • // Check if the result includes a thumbnail Bitmap • if (picData != null) { if (picData.hasExtra("data")) { • Bitmap thumbnail = picData.getParcelableExtra("data"); • // TODO Do something with the thumbnail • } • } • else { • // TODO Do something with the full image stored in outputFileUri • } • } }

26. Using Camera • Need to add the CAMERA permission to your application manifest. • <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/> • To access the Camera Service, use open method on the Camera class. When you’re done, relinquish your hold on Camera by calling release • Camera camera = Camera.open(); • [ . . . Do things with the camera . . . ] • camera.release(); • To modify camera settings, use the set* methods on Camera.Parameters object. Then, call Camera’s setParameters method to pass modified Parameters object. • Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters(); • List<String> colorEffects = parameters.getSupportedColorEffects(); • if (colorEffects.contains(Camera.Parameters.EFFECT_SEPIA)) • parameters.setColorEffect(Camera.Parameters.EFFECT_SEPIA); • camera.setParameters(parameters); • Parameter Reference: • http://developer.android.com/reference/android/hardware/Camera.Parameters.html

27. Using Camera • Monitor the success of the Camera auto focus operation by adding an AutoFocusCallback to the Camera object. • camera.autoFocus(new AutoFocusCallback() { • public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) { • // TODO Do something on Auto-Focus success • } }); • To view the live camera stream, include a Surface View. • Implement a SurfaceHolder.Callback to listen for surface’s construction, before passing it in to the setPreviewDisplay method of Camera object. • A call to startPreview will begin the streaming and stopPreview will end it • public class MyActivity extends Activity implements SurfaceHolder.Callback { • private Camera camera; • @Override • public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { • super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); • SurfaceView surface = (SurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.surface); • SurfaceHolder holder = surface.getHolder();

28. Using Camera • holder.addCallback(this); • holder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS); • holder.setFixedSize(400, 300); • } • public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { • if (mediaRecorder == null) { • try { camera = camera.open(); camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder); • camera.startPreview(); • [ . . . Draw on the Surface . . . ] • } catch (IOException e) { Log.d("CAMERA", e.getMessage()); } • } } • public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { • camera.stopPreview(); camera.release(); • } }

29. Taking Pictures using Camera • Call takePicture and pass in a ShutterCallback and twoPictureCallback implementations (for RAW and JPEG-encoded). • The shutter callback is triggered immediately after the shutter is closed. • private void takePicture() { • camera.takePicture(shutterCallback, rawCallback, jpegCallback); } • ShutterCallback shutterCallback = new ShutterCallback() { • public void onShutter() { • // TODO Do something when the shutter closes. • } }; • PictureCallback rawCallback = new PictureCallback() { • public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) { • // TODO Do something with the image RAW data. • } • };

30. Taking Pictures using Camera • PictureCallback jpegCallback = new PictureCallback() { • public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) { • // Save the image JPEG data to the SD card • FileOutputStream outStream = null; • try { • outStream = new FileOutputStream("/sdcard/test.jpg"); • outStream.write(data); • outStream.close(); • } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { Log.d("CAMERA", e.getMessage()); • } catch (IOException e) { Log.d("CAMERA", e.getMessage()); • } • } • };

31. Speech Recognition • Android supports voice input and speech recognition using the RecognizerIntent class. • Voice recognition is initiated by calling startNewActivityForResult, passing in an Intent with RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH • Intent must include RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE_MODELextra to specify the language model used to parse the input audio (LANGUAGE_MODEL_FREE_FORM, or LANGUAGE_MODEL_WEB_SEARCH). • You can also specify a number of optional extras: • EXTRA_PROMPT Specify a string that will be displayed in the voice input dialog to prompt the user to speak. • EXTRA_MAXRESULTS Integer value to limit the number of potential recognition results returned. • EXTRA_LANGUAGE Specify an input language other than the device default.

32. Speech Recognition (Example) • Voice recognition in English, returning one result, with custom prompt. •   Intent intent = new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH) • // Specify free form input • intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE_MODEL, • RecognizerIntent.LANGUAGE_MODEL_FREE_FORM); • intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_PROMPT, "or forever hold your peace"); • intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_MAX_RESULTS, 1); • intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE, Locale.ENGLISH); • startActivityForResult(intent, VOICE_RECOGNITION);

33. Speech Recognition (Example) • The results are returned through the onActivityResult handler as an Array List of strings in the EXTRA_RESULTS extra each represents a potential match. •   @Override • protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { • if (requestCode == VOICE VOICE_RECOGNITION && resultCode == RESULT_OK) { • ArrayList<String> results; • results = data.getStringArrayListExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_RESULTS); • // TODO Do something with the recognized voice strings • } • super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); • }

34. Telephony – Overview • The Android telephony APIs allows: • Access the underlying telephone hardware stack • Create your own dialer • Integrate call handling and phone state monitoring • For security, you can’t create your own ‘‘ in call ’’ Activity • The screen that is displayed when an incoming call is received or an outgoing call has been placed.

35. Launching the Dialer • Use Intent Intent.ACTION_DIAL to launch dialer activity. • Specify the number to dial using the tel: schema as the data component of the Intent. • Allows you to manage the call initialization (the default dialer asks the user to explicitly initiate the call). • Doesn’t require any permissions • The standard way applications should initiate calls. • Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, Uri.parse("tel:1234567")); • startActivity(intent);

36. Telephony Manager • Access to the telephony APIs is managed by the Telephony Manager • String srvcName = Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE; • TelephonyManagertelephonyManager = (TelephonyManager)getSystemService(srvcName); • Thru Telephony Manager you can obtain: • the phone type (GSM or CDMA), • unique ID (IMEI or MEID), • software version, number. • Requires the READ_PHONE_STATE uses-permission be included in the application manifest. • <uses-permission android:name= "android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE " /> • Telephony Manager Reference: • http://developer.android.com/reference/android/telephony/TelephonyManager.html

37. Reading Phone Details • // Read the phone’s type • int phoneType = telephonyManager.getPhoneType(); • switch (phoneType) { • case (TelephonyManager.PHONE_TYPE_CDMA): //do something • break; • case (TelephonyManager.PHONE_TYPE_GSM) : //do something • break; • case (TelephonyManager.PHONE_TYPE_NONE): //do something • break; • default: break; • } • // -- These require READ_PHONE_STATE uses-permission -- • // Read the IMEI for GSM or MEID for CDMA • String deviceId = telephonyManager.getDeviceId(); • // Read the software version on the phone (note -- not the SDK version) • String softwareVersion = telephonyManager.getDeviceSoftwareVersion(); • // Get the phone’s number • String phoneNumber = telephonyManager.getLine1Number();

38. Reading Data Connection Status • int dataActivity = telephonyManager.getDataActivity(); • int dataState = telephonyManager.getDataState(); • switch (dataActivity) { • case TelephonyManager.DATA_ACTIVITY_IN : // Currently receiving IP PPP traffic. • break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_ACTIVITY_OUT : // Currently sending IP PPP traffic. • break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_ACTIVITY_INOUT : // Currently both IN & OUT • break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_ACTIVITY_NONE : // No traffic. • break; } •   switch (dataState) { • case TelephonyManager.DATA_CONNECTED : // Connected. • break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_CONNECTING : // Currently setting up data connection • break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_DISCONNECTED : //Disconnected • break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_SUSPENDED : //Suspended • break; • }

39. Reading Network Details • // Get connected network country ISO code • String networkCountry = telephonyManager.getNetworkCountryIso(); • // Get the connected network operator ID (MCC + MNC) • String networkOperatorId = telephonyManager.getNetworkOperator(); • // Get the connected network operator name • String networkName = telephonyManager.getNetworkOperatorName(); • // Get the type of network you are connected to • int networkType = telephonyManager.getNetworkType(); • switch (networkType) { • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_1xRTT): /* */ break; • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_CDMA) : /* */ break; • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_EDGE) : /* */ break; • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_EVDO_0) : /* */ break; • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_EVDO_A) : /* */ break; • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_GPRS) : /* */ break; • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_HSDPA) : /* */ break; • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_HSPA) : /* */ break; • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_HSUPA) : /* */ break; • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS) : /* */ break; • case (TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN): /* */ break; • default: break; • } • Info about Service Providers in USA: • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_wireless_communications_service_providers

40. Reading SIM Details • int simState = telephonyManager.getSimState(); • switch (simState) { case (TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_ABSENT): break; • case (TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_NETWORK_LOCKED): break; • case (TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_PIN_REQUIRED): break; • case (TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_PUK_REQUIRED): break; • case (TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_UNKNOWN): break; • case (TelephonyManager.SIM_STATE_READY): { • // Get the SIM country ISO code • String simCountry = telephonyManager.getSimCountryIso(); • // Get the operator code of the active SIM (MCC + MNC) • String simOperatorCode = telephonyManager.getSimOperator(); • // Get the name of the SIM operator • String simOperatorName = telephonyManager.getSimOperatorName(); • // -- Requires READ_PHONE_STATE uses-permission -- • // Get the SIM’s serial number • String simSerial = telephonyManager.getSimSerialNumber(); • break; } default: break; • }

41. Monitoring Phone Status • Android lets you: • monitor phone state, • retrieve incoming phone numbers, • observe changes to data connections, signal strength, and network connectivity. • Must specify the READ_PHONE_STATE uses-permission in its manifest • Extend PhoneStateListener class to listen and respond to: • Phone state change events including call state (ringing, off hook, etc.), • Cell location changes, • Voice-mail and call-forwarding status, • Phone service changes, • Changes in mobile signal strength. • PhoneStateListener Reference: • http://developer.android.com/reference/android/telephony/PhoneStateListener.html

42. Monitoring Phone Status • • Phone State Listener skeleton class • PhoneStateListener phoneStateListener = new PhoneStateListener() { • public void onCallForwardingIndicatorChanged(boolean cfi) {} • public void onCallStateChanged(int state, String incomingNumber) {} • public void onCellLocationChanged(CellLocation location) {} • public void onDataActivity(int direction) {} • public void onDataConnectionStateChanged(int state) {} • public void onMessageWaitingIndicatorChanged(boolean mwi) {} • public void onServiceStateChanged(ServiceState serviceState) {} • public void onSignalStrengthChanged(int asu) {} • }; • • Registering a Phone State Listener • telephonyManager.listen(phoneStateListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_CALL_FORWARDING_INDICATOR | PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_CALL_STATE | PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_CELL_LOCATION | PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_DATA_ACTIVITY | PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_DATA_CONNECTION_STATE | PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_MESSAGE_WAITING_INDICATOR | PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_SERVICE_STATE | PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_SIGNAL_STRENGTH);

43. Monitoring Phone Calls • The onCallStateChanged handler receives the phone number associated with incoming calls, and the state parameter represents the current call state: • TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE When the phone is neither ringing nor in a call • TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING When the phone is ringing • TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK When the phone is currently in a call • PhoneStateListenercallStateListener = new PhoneStateListener() { • public void onCallStateChanged(int state, String incomingNumber) { • // TODO React to incoming call. • } • }; • telephonyManager.listen(callStateListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_CALL_STATE);

44. Tracking Cell Location Changes • Override onCellLocationChanged to listen for cell location changes • Add the ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION permission to your application manifest. • <uses-permission android:name= " android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION " /> • Handler receives a CellLocation object that includes methods for extracting the cell ID ( getCid ) and the current LAC ( getLac ). • PhoneStateListener cellLocationListener = new PhoneStateListener() { • public void onCellLocationChanged(CellLocation location) { • GsmCellLocation gsmLocation = (GsmCellLocation)location; • Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), String.valueOf(gsmLocation.getCid()), • Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); • } • }; • telephonyManager.listen(cellLocationListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_CELL_LOCATION);

45. Tracking Service Changes • The onServiceStateChanged handler tracks the service • Use the ServiceState parameter with getState method to find details of the current service state. • STATE_IN_SERVICE Normal phone service is available. • STATE_EMERGENCY_ONLY Phone service is available only for emergency calls. • STATE_OUT_OF_SERVICE No cell phone service is currently available. • STATE_POWER_OFF The phone radio is turned off • getOperator* methods to retrieve details on the operator while • getRoaming tells you if the device is using a roaming profile. • PhoneStateListener serviceStateListener = new PhoneStateListener() { • public void onServiceStateChanged(ServiceState serviceState) { • if (serviceState.getState() == ServiceState.STATE_IN_SERVICE) { • String toastText = serviceState.getOperatorAlphaLong(); • Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), toastText, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT); • } } }; • telephonyManager.listen(serviceStateListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_SERVICE_STATE); • ServiceState Reference: • http://developer.android.com/reference/android/telephony/ServiceState.html

46. Monitoring Data Connection/Activity • Override onDataActivity to track data transfer activity, and onDataConnectionStateChanged to request notifications for data connection state changes. • PhoneStateListener dataStateListener = new PhoneStateListener() { • public void onDataActivity(int direction) { • switch (direction) { case TelephonyManager.DATA_ACTIVITY_IN : break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_ACTIVITY_OUT : break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_ACTIVITY_INOUT : break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_ACTIVITY_NONE : break; • } } • public void onDataConnectionStateChanged(int state) { • switch (state) { case TelephonyManager.DATA_CONNECTED : break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_CONNECTING : break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_DISCONNECTED : break; • case TelephonyManager.DATA_SUSPENDED : break; • } } }; • telephonyManager.listen(dataStateListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_DATA_ACTIVITY | • PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_DATA_CONNECTION_STATE);

47. Using Camera • Permissions in Manifest • Using the Camera • <uses-permission android:name=“android.permission.CAMERA” /> • <uses-feature android:name=“andorid.hardware.camera” /> • Writing to External Storage • <uses-permission android:name=“android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE” /> • Steps to using Camera: • Intent • Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE) • File Name • File folder = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), “FolderName”) • Need to mkdirs() • File image = new File(folder, “imageName.jpg”)

48. Using Camera • Steps to using camera: • File URI • Uri fileUri = Uri.fromFile(image) • Starting the Camera • intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri) • startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode) • Retrieve the image: After user is ok with captured image, retrieve the image using onActivityResult • Can retrieve the image using the File Uri put in as an extra to the Camera intent

49. Example 1 - SoundPool • Android provides two API's for playing sounds: SoundPool and MediaPlayer . • SoundPool can be used for small audio clips. It can repeat sounds and play several sounds simultaneously. The sound files played with SoundPool should not exceed 1 MB. • SoundPool does load the file asynchronously. In recent Android SDK, it is possible to check if the loading is complete via OnLoadCompleteListener . • Mediaplayer is better suited for longer music and movies.

50. Example of SoundPool • Create an application that will start playing a sound once the finger touches the display. Create an Android project “cs.edu.odu.cs495.soundpool" with the Activity "PlaySound“ • Get a free sound effect from http://hamsterrepublic.com/ohrrpgce/Free_Sound_Effects.html , put it into your "res/raw" folder under the name "sound1.ogg". • main.xml • <?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> • <LinearLayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" • android:orientation= "vertical" android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "fill_parent" > • <TextView android:text= "Click on the screen to start playing" • android:id= "@+id/textView1" android:layout_width= "fill_parent" • android:layout_height= "fill_parent" > • </TextView> • </LinearLayout>