National Incident Management System (NIMS) Kevin J Molloy, MEP

1. National Incident Management System (NIMS) Kevin J Molloy, MEP Incident Management Systems Integration Division

2. National Incident Management System (NIMS) A consistent nationwide approach for all levels of government to work effectively and efficiently together to prepare for and respond to domestic incidents Core set of concepts, principles and terminology for incident command and multi-agency coordination Requires all Federal Departments and Agencies to adopt the NIMS Requires State and local NIMS compliance as a condition for Federal preparedness funds Homeland Security Presidential Directive – 5

3. Originally published in March 2004 Provides national standard for incident management Based on the National Interagency Incident Management System (NIIMS) Incident Command System (ICS) Initial review commenced in May 2006 and was completed in May 2007; release was delayed pending publication of the NRF Second review process was undertaken in January 2008 to ensure consistency with NRF NIMS Background

4. Led by FEMA through the NIC Involved more than 100 organizations from various levels of government, the private sector and NGOs Work groups consisted of subject matter experts from various disciplines and jurisdictions Three national comment periods (~6000 total comments) February 2007 (2,837 comments) March–April 2007 (2,707 comments) May-June 2008 (444 comments) National Advisory Committee (NAC) commented on the document during this time period Review Process

5. Eliminated redundancy Reorganized document to emphasize that NIMS is more than the Incident Command System (ICS) Clarified ICS concepts Increased emphasis on planning and added guidance on mutual aid Clarified roles of private sector, NGOs, and chief elected and appointed officials Expanded the Intelligence/Investigation function Highlighted relationship between NIMS and NRF Summary of Changes to NIMS

6. NIMS Is… Comprehensive, nationwide, systematic approach to incident management Set of preparedness concepts and principles for all hazards Essential principles for a common operating picture and interoperability of communications and information management Standardized resource management procedures for coordination among different jurisdictions/ organizations Scalable and applicable for all incidents NIMS: What it is and what it’s not NIMS Is Not… • A response plan • A communication plan • Something that is used only during large incidents • Only applicable to certain emergency responders • Only the Incident Command System or an organizational chart • A static system

7. Preparedness Communications and Information Management Resource Management Command and Management Incident Command System Multi-agency Coordination Systems Public Information Systems Ongoing Management and Maintenance NIMS COMPONENTS

8. Planning Training Equipping Exercising Evaluating Taking corrective action Mitigating NIMS Components--Preparedness

9. Common operating picture Common communications and data standards to assure accessibility and interoperability Pre-incident information NIMS Components-- Communications and Information Management

10. Establishing systems for describing, inventorying, requesting, and tracking resources Activating those systems prior to, during, and after an incident Dispatching resources prior to, during, and after an incident Deactivating or recalling resources during or after incidents NIMS Components-- Resource Management

11. NIMS Resource Management 164 Positions with / KSAs 56 ICS Positions – Core Competencies 120 Typed Resources NIMS Guide 0001 on Resource Typing NIMS Guide 0002 on Credentialing

12. NIMS Resource Management Public Works 19 positions 34 resources Emergency Medical Services 19 positions 6 resources Incident Management 8 positions 22 resources

13. NIMS Resource Management Fire/Hazardous Materials 20 positions 19 resources Search and Rescue 36 positions 17 resources Public Health / Medical 44 positions 9 resources

14. NIMS Resource Management Law Enforcement TBD positions 6 resources Animal Health 14 positions 7 resources

15. NIMS Resource Management • NIMS Guide 0001 on Resource Typing • Resource exists • Has been deployed for Inter-State Mutual Aid • Delivered a valuable service • Can not be ordered using plain language

16. NIMS Resource Management • NIMS Guide 0002 on Credentialing • Deployable for Interstate Mutual Aid • Voluntary • Organization approves participation

17. Incident Command System Multiagency Coordination Systems Public Information Systems NIMS Components-Command & Management

18. National Integration Center Concepts & Principles NIMS Revision Process NIC Responsibilities Supporting Technologies Concepts and Principles Supporting Incident Management with Science & Technology NIMS Components—Ongoing Management and Maintenance

19. IS-700 NIMS: An Introduction All personnel with a direct role in emergency preparedness, incident management, or response IS-800b NRF: An Introduction All Federal, state, territorial, tribal, and local emergency managers or personnel whose primary responsibility is emergency management ICS-100: Introduction to ICS All Federal, State, territorial, tribal, local, private sector and non-governmental personnel at the entry level, first line supervisor level, middle management level, and command and general staff level of emergency management operations ICS-200: Basic ICS All Federal, State, territorial, tribal, local, private sector and non-governmental personnel at the first line supervisor level, middle management level, and command and general staff level of emergency management operations NIMS Training

20. IS-700, IS-800, ICS-100, ICS-200 Base line training for all personnel with a direct role in emergency preparedness, incident management, or response ICS-300 Intermediate (Required in FY08) All Federal, State, territorial, tribal, local, private sector and non-governmental personnel at the middle management level, and command and general staff level of emergency management operations ICS-400 Advanced (Required in FY09) All Federal, State, territorial, tribal, local, private sector and non-governmental personnel at the command and general staff level of emergency management operations Additional NIMS Training (Recommended) Training available for all audiences in the following areas: NIMS Multi-agency Coordination Systems, Public Information Systems, Communications and Information Management, Resource Management, Resource Typing, Mutual Aid, and NIMS Preparedness ICS-Position Specific Training Training opportunities for ICS Command and General Staff positions: Incident Commander, Safety Office, Liaison Officer, Public Information Officer, Operations Section Chief, Planning Section Chief, Logistics Section Chief, and Finance/Admin Section Chief NIMS Training (continued)

21. The collection, analysis and sharing of incident related intelligence are important elements of ICS Normally, operational information and situational intelligence are management functions located in the Planning Section This information is used in the decision making process INTELLIGENCE/INVESTIGATION

22. I&I information is defined as information that either leads to the detection, prevention, apprehension and prosecution of criminal activities (or the individual (s) involved) including terrorist incidents or information that leads to the determination of the cause of a given incident (regardless of the source) such as public health events or fires with unknown origins. INTELLIGENCE/INVESTIGATION

23. ICS allows for organization flexibility, examples include: Within Planning Section: Incidents with little or no investigative information requirements As aSeparate General Staff Section: May be appropriate when there is a significant I&I component to the incident for criminal or epidemiological purposes or when multiple investigative agencies are involved. INTELLIGENCE/INVESTIGATION

24. Within the Operations Section: May be appropriate for incidents that require a high degree of linkage and coordination between the investigative information and the operational tactics that are being employed. Within the Command Staff: This option may be appropriate for incidents with little need for tactical information or classified intelligence and where supporting Agency Representatives are providing real-time information to the Command Element INTELLIGENCE/INVESTIGATION

25. The mission of I&I is to ensure that all I&I operations, functions and activities within the incident response are properly managed, coordinated, and directed in order to- Prevent/deter additional activity, incidents, and/or ; Collect, process, analyze, and appropriately disseminate intelligence information; Conduct a thorough and comprehensive investigation; and Identify, process, collect, create a chain of custody for, safeguard, examine/analyze, and store all situational intelligence and/or probative evidence. INTELLIGENCE/INVESTIGATIONMISSION

26. We currently have developed guidance and other information on Intelligence and Investigation designed to assist all disciplines in understanding the role of I&I and how it impacts them Under review at this time to insure it’s content is consistent with the NRF/NIMS and the I&I community When approved, this information will be posted on web and all will be advised through a variety or means. INTELLIGENCE/INVESTIGATION

27. Incidents typically begin and end locally and are managed on a daily basis at the lowest possible geographical, organizational, and jurisdictional level Successful incident management operations may depend on the involvement of multiple jurisdictions, levels of government, functional agencies, and/or emergency responder disciplines Such incidents require effective and efficient coordination across this broad spectrum of organizations and activities NIMS enhances interoperability through use of a systematic approach to integrating the best existing processes and methods into a unified national framework for incident management NIMS does this through a core set of concepts, principles, procedures, organizational processes, terminology, and standards requirements applicable to a broad community of NIMS users Summary

28. National Response Frameworkan Overview 28

29. Topics NRF purpose, key concepts Focus on response How the Framework is organized What has changed Applying the NRF Leadership and the NRF (Federal, State, Local, Private Sector, Nongovernmental Organizations) Building new capability Implementing the NRF 29

30. National Response Framework Purpose Guides how the nation conducts all-hazards incident response Key Concepts Builds on the National Incident Management System (NIMS) with its flexible, scalable, and adaptable coordinating structures Aligns key roles and responsibilities across jurisdictions Links all levels of government, private sector, and nongovernmental organizations in a unified approach to emergency management Always in effect: can be partially or fully implemented Coordinates Federal assistance without need for formal trigger 30

31. Focused on ResponseAchieving a Goal Within a Broader Strategy National Strategy for Homeland Security – guides, organizes and unifies our National homeland security efforts Prevent and disrupt terrorist attacks; Protect the American people, our critical infrastructure, and key resources; Respond to and recover from incidents that do occur; and Continue to strengthen the foundation to ensure our long-term success. Response Immediate actions to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs Execution of emergency plans and actions to support short-term recovery 31

32. Development and Review ProcessSince the Review Began in October 2006… More than 400 stakeholders from Federal, State, tribal, local, private sector, academia, and nongovernmental organizations participated in a year-long process to develop the NRF Draft NRF was released for public review in September 2007; DHS/FEMA leadership encouraged all stakeholders to comment on the draft NRF core and supporting documents DHS/FEMA received and adjudicated more than 5,700 comments and revised the NRF accordingly NRF was approved by the President on January 8, 2008 NRF went into effect March 22, 2008 32

33. Development and Review ProcessChanges Resulting from National Comment Period (Sep-Oct 2007) • Ensured consistency with Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act • Revised planning chapter • Integrates Federal and State/tribal/local planning systems • Institutionalizes the Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis approach • Consolidates National Planning Scenarios • Improved the document’s look and feel • Simplified language, streamlined format, enhanced readability 33

34. How the Framework is Organized Doctrine, organization, roles and responsibilities, response actions and planning requirements that guide national response Core Document Mechanisms to group and provide Federal resources and capabilities to support State and local responders Emergency Support Function Annexes Support Annexes Essential supporting aspects of the Federal response common to all incidents Incident Annexes Incident-specific applications of the Framework Partner Guides Next level of detail in response actions tailored to the actionable entity 34 www.fema.gov/nrf

35. What Has Changed • A Framework … not a Plan • Written for two audiences • Senior elected and appointed officials • Emergency Management practitioners • Emphasizes roles of the local governments, States, NGOs, individuals and the private sector • Establishes Response Doctrine • Engaged partnership • Tiered response • Scalable, flexible, and adaptable operational capabilities • Unity of effort through unified command • Readiness to act • Establishes planning as a critical element of effective response 35

36. How Has the NRF Evolved?Terms and Structures Incident Advisory Council: eliminated Incident of National Significance: eliminated Unified Coordination Group and Staff: replace the terms, “JFO Coordination Group” and “JFO Coordination Staff” Senior Officials: replaces the term, “Senior Federal Officials,” in the Unified Coordination Group Incident Management Assistance Teams (IMAT): replaces Emergency Response Teams (ERT) and the Federal Incident Response Support Teams (FIRST) 36

37. Emergency Support Functions / Annexes • ESF #1 - Transportation • ESF #2 - Communications • ESF #3 - Public Works and Engineering • ESF #4 - Firefighting • ESF #5 - Emergency Management • ESF #6 - Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing and Human Services • ESF #7 - Logistics Management and Resource Support • ESF #8 - Public Health and Medical Services • ESF #9 - Search and Rescue • ESF #10 - Oil and Hazardous Materials Response • ESF #11 - Agriculture and Natural Resources • ESF #12 - Energy • ESF #13 - Public Safety and Security • ESF #14 - Long-Term Community Recovery • ESF #15 - External Affairs 37

38. Major Changes to ESF Annexes ESF #6 – Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing and Human Services: Expanded to include emergency assistance; FEMA replaces the American Red Cross as the primary agency ESF #7 – Logistics Management and Resource Support: Expanded to incorporate the Logistics Management Support Annex which was eliminated ESF #9 – Search and Rescue: Expanded from urban search and rescue to include waterborne, inland/wilderness, and aeronautical search and rescue ESF #10 – Oil and Hazardous Materials Response: Expanded to incorporate Oil and Hazardous Materials Incident Annex which was eliminated ESF #11 – Agriculture and Natural Resources: Added responsibility for “Safety and Well-Being of Household Pets” ESF #13 – Public Safety and Security: Expanded to include general law enforcement 38

39. Support Annexes Incident Annexes • Biological Incident • Catastrophic Incident • Cyber Incident • Food and Agriculture Incident • Mass Evacuation Incident* • Nuclear/Radiological Incident • Terrorism Incident Law Enforcement and Investigation *New annexes. • Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources* • Financial Management • International Coordination • Private Sector Coordination • Public Affairs • Tribal Relations • Volunteer and Donations Management • Worker Safety and Health 39

40. Major Changes to Support and Incident Annexes Added Critical Infrastructure/Key Resources (CI/KR) Support Annex Mass Evacuation Incident Annex Expanded Volunteer & Donations Management Support Annex: Expanded to include collection and tracking of offers of goods and services and international donations Eliminated Logistics Management Support Annex: information incorporated into ESF #7 Resource Support Annex Science and Technology Support Annex Oil and Hazardous Materials Incident Annex: information incorporated into the ESF #10 Oil and Hazardous Materials Response Annex 40

41. Applying the Framework Most incidents wholly managed locally Some require additional support Small number require Federal support State Governor must request Federal support Catastrophic requires significant Federal support Minor event might be initial phase of larger, rapidly growing threat Accelerate assessment and response Federal Department/Agency acting on own authority may be initial Federal responder Integrated, systematic Federal response intended to occur seamlessly 41

42. Federal Leadership and the Framework • Secretary of Homeland Security: Principal Federal official for domestic incident management • FEMA Administrator: Principal advisor to the President, Secretary of Homeland Security, and Homeland Security Council regarding emergency management. • Principal Federal Official (PFO): Secretary’s primary representative to ensure consistency of Federal support as well as the overall effectiveness of Federal incident management. • For catastrophic or unusually complex incidents requiring extraordinary coordination • Interfaces with Federal, State, tribal, and local officials regarding Federal incident management strategy; primary Federal spokesperson for coordinated public communications • Federal Coordinating Officer (FCO): For Stafford Act events, the primary Federal representative to interface with the SCO and other State, tribal, and local response officials to determine most urgent needs and set objectives. • Federal Departments and Agencies: play primary, coordinating, and support roles based on their authorities and resources and the nature of the threat or incident Note: Consistent with the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act 42

43. Federal Department & Agency Responsibilities Understand Key Framework Concepts Structure, organization, roles and responsibilities Attain and Maintain a High Level of Preparedness Plan Organize Equip and Train Exercise Evaluate/Improve Build Capabilities Execute an Effective Response Gain and maintain situational awareness Activate and deploy resources and capabilities Coordinate response actions Demobilize “The effectiveness of our efforts will be determined by the people who fulfill key roles and how they carry out their responsibilities, including their commitment to develop plans and partnerships, conduct joint training and exercises, and achieve shared goals.” National Strategy for Homeland Security 43

44. State & Local Leadership and the Framework Effective, unified national response requires layered, mutually supporting capabilities • Statesare sovereign entities, and the Governor has responsibility for public safety and welfare; States are the main players in coordinating resources and capabilities and obtaining support from other States and the Federal government • Governor • Homeland Security Advisor • Director State Emergency Management Agency • State Coordinating Officer Local Governments State & Tribal Governments • Local officials have primary responsibility for community preparedness and response • Elected/Appointed Officials (Mayor) • Emergency Manager • Public Safety Officials • Individuals and Households are key starting points for emergency preparedness and support community efforts NRF Private Sector & NGO Federal Government 44

45. Private Sector & NGOs and the Framework Effective, unified national response requires layered, mutually supporting capabilities Local Governments State & Tribal Governments NRF Private Sector & NGO Federal Government • The Private Sectorsupports community response, organizes business to ensure resiliency, and protects and restores critical infrastructure and commercial activity • NGOs perform vital service missions • Assist individuals who have special needs • Coordinate volunteers • Interface with government response officials at all levels 45

46. The Framework: Building New Capability Preparedness Cycle–a system that builds the right capabilities Introduces National Planning System Defines response organization Requires training Advocates interoperability and typing of equipment Emphasizes exercising with broad-based participation Describes process for continuous evaluation and improvement Aligning Risk-Based Planning National Planning Scenarios Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis Capability Building 46

47. The NRF Moving Forward • Public release to wide audience with support of key partners • Informed stakeholders on key improvements • Ensure all partners understand doctrine, structures, and roles and responsibilities • Promotes coordination of planning efforts 47

48. Training Education and Exercises Awareness Training: IS-800, An Introduction to the NRF, was released on February 5, 2008. Other general orientation courses for ESFs and Support and Incident Annexes will be available soon thereafter Position Specific Training: Training for all personnel assigned to NRF/NIMS structures (National Response Coordination Center, Regional Response Coordination Center, Joint Field Office, etc.) will ensure those staff are able to perform tasks assigned to them Exercises: National and regional tabletop and functional exercises, as well as exercise-based training, will be organized to promote understanding of NRF concepts, roles and responsibilities, organizational elements and communications. Exercises will assess the effectiveness of interagency coordination, the ability to develop a common operating picture, and resource management decisions Moving Forward with the NRF 48

49. The NRF Resource Center 49 www.fema.gov/nrf

50. NIMS Website http://www.fema.gov/emergency/nims National Response Framework Resource Center http://www.fema.gov/nrf NIMS Training http://www.training.fema.gov Contacts FEMA-NIMS@dhs.gov FEMA-NRF@dhs.gov National Integration CenterIncident Management Systems Integration Division