RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

1. www.mmr.cz RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC Miroslav Urban Ministry for Regional Development of the Czech Republic Analytical Unit in Housing Policy Department Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005

2. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • History of panel building in the Czech Republic Number of flats in HRRBs built in CR during 1959-1990 (source: Ministry for Regional Development) • > 3 706 00 flats in the Czech Republic • 2 158 000 flats - in apartment houses • 1 165 000 flats - in prefabricated buildings Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

3. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • The present state of repair HRRB Existing state > • age • particular • method of use • attitude of the users • poor quality • errors in project documentation • lifespan of internal fixtures Fundamental reasons underlying defects and flaws occurring in panel buildings Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

4. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Fundamental reasons underlying defects and flaws occurring in panel buildings: • inadequate know-how at the moment of construction (underestimated impact of temperature, moisture, construction, concrete creeping, climatic effects); • failure to observe process specifications in manufacture of prefabricated elements; • failure to observe technical specifications in assembly; • defective project documentation; • inadequate level of the planned funds (during progressing panel construction the cost per dwelling was permanently reduced); • minimum offer of construction elements (cheap products of poor quality); • insufficient pressure exercised on quality of construction proper; • intensive aggressive effects of the environment (acid rain, climatic conditions, etc.). Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

5. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Other main defects : • places where individual panels come in contact; • thermal bridges (balcony, windows, roof); • water condensing (kitchens, bathrooms) • thermal insulation of the roofs; • windows !; Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

6. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Fundamental defects and drawbacks: • defects and drawback that affect safety (strength of balconies, anchoring of construction elements); • defects and drawbacks that affect sanitation and health protection (mildew, water vapor condensation, leaky padding of apertures); • defects and drawbacks reducing the level of energy savings and thermal insulation (thermal bridges, insufficient insulation, glazing) • defects and drawbacks that impair characteristics important for the user (leaky roof, panels, windows, joints), • defects and drawbacks adversely affecting operating cost (inadequate insulation of heat distribution and hot water distributions systems, expensive lighting of common premises, objectionable state of lifts). Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

7. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Main problems of HRRs : Building constructions: • Balconies (creates thermal bridges and represents a risk of concrete scaling) • Windows (largest amount of heat escapes though these constructions) • Walls (insulation of external walls – expensive, but in many cases this measure is inevitable) • Roofs (redevelopment of the flat roof is necessary in the case of damaged damp proofing – ROOF RECONSTRUCTION) Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

8. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Contemporary requirements imposed on living in a panel house can be summarized as follows: • the associated costs must be acceptable; • the internal environment must meet sanitary requirements; • the appearance of the residential area must be generally acceptable; • technical and sanitary facilities installed in the dwellings must conform to contemporary requirements. Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

9. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Energy consumption Housing expenditures in % in 2001 for an average household (source: Czech statistical Office) Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

10. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Effect of insulation on energy demands of a typified panel building Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

11. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Cost of renovation Fundamental remedial measures: • thermal insulation of the building envelope; • modification of the heating system and the appropriate control system (hydraulics, thermal insulation of piping); • forced ventilation of the object (hybrid ventilation, recuperation of heat from the outgoing air); • information provided to users and modification of their behavior vis-à-vis the object. Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

12. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Cost of renovation Cost for basic, optimum and complex modernization / 1 flat • static and building construction; • technical equipment of common parts of building; • forced ventilation of the object (hybrid ventilation, recuperation of heat from the outgoing air); • information provided to users and modification of their behavior vis-à-vis the object. Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

13. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Cost of renovation see the table 3 Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

14. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Energy consumption Indicative present common energy consumption levels for heating of flats (per m2 of floor area) note : average number of degree days in the ČR is about 3,68 (for indoor temperature ti = 19°C) Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

15. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Current state support and sources financing of repairs and renovation Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

16. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Related laws, technical standards: • Act No. 458/2000 Coll., on Business Conditions and Public Administration in the Energy Sectors and on Amendment to Other Law • Act No. 406/2000 Coll., on Energy Management • Decree no. 151 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade determining details regarding effectiveness of energy application in heat energy distribution and its inner distribution. • Decree no. 152 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade determining rules with respect to heating and warm water delivery, specific indexes of heat consumption for heating and warm water preparation, and requirements regarding inner heat equipment outfit of buildings with instruments enabling heat energy regulation for final consumers. • Decree no. 153 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade determining details with respect to determination of energy application effectiveness during transport, distribution and inner electric power distribution. • Decree no. 212 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade determining details concerning preparation of the combined electricity generation and heat production and their realization. • Decree no. 214 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade fixing the limitation of those energy sources, which will be appreciated as renewable ones. • Decree no. 215 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade determining details of energy consumers’ designation by means of energy labels and elaboration of technical documentation as well as minimal energy effectiveness for electrical appliances introduced to market. • Decree of the Ministry of Industry and Trade No. 213/2001 Coll., on detailed specification of energy audit requirements. • Decree of the Ministry of Industry and Trade No. 291/2001 Coll., as amended by Decree of the Ministry of Industry and Trade No. 425/2004 Coll. on detailed specification of the utilization of energy efficiency at energy consumption in buildings. • Decree of the Ministry for Regional Development No. 372/2001 Coll., laying down rules for allocation of heat energy cost for heating and cost for hot service water provision among the end users • The Czech State Standard 73 0540 – Thermal Protection of Buildings Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

17. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC • Literature: • [1] Sustainable Renovation of High-rise Residential Buildings for Central and East European Countries – the Case of the Czech Republic: SEVEn o.p.s, The Energy Efficiency Centre, 2005 • [2] Financing investments in energy saving in paneled houses in The Czech Republic. Draft report for the Ministry of VROM, 2004 • [3] State aid programmes in the housing sector, catalogue of examples. Ministry for Regional Development, Institute for Spatial Development, 2004 • [4] Information on the Developments in the Field of Regeneration of Prefabricated Housing Estates. Ministry for Regional Development • [5] Housing policy concept. Ministry for Regional Development, 2005 Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz

18. RENOVATION OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC Thank you for your attention ! Miroslav Urban Phone: +420 2 2486 1313 Fax: +420 2 2486 1176 Miroslav.Urban@mmr.cz Analytical Unit in Housing Policy Department Ministry for Regional Development of the Czech Republic http://www.mmr.cz Energy Saving Measures in High-rise Residential Buildings and Financial mechanism, Tallinn 2005 www.mmr.cz