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Octavian Takes Power Octavian faced task of restoring order in empire

From Octavian to Augustus. Octavian Takes Power Octavian faced task of restoring order in empire Had no intention of establishing dictatorship when he took power. New Political Order Octavian decided it impossible to return Rome to republican form of government

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Octavian Takes Power Octavian faced task of restoring order in empire

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  1. From Octavian to Augustus • Octavian Takes Power • Octavian faced task of restoring order in empire • Had no intention of establishing dictatorship when he took power • New Political Order • Octavian decided it impossible to return Rome to republican form of government • Created new political order, known today as the empire • Principate • Octavian careful to avoid title of king or emperor • Called himself princeps, “first citizen” • Government called Principate • New Title • 27 BC, Senate gave Octavian title Augustus, “the revered one” • Title a religious honor; able to wear laurel and oak leaf crown

  2. The Augustan Age • New Imperial Government • Augustus head of state more than 40 years, made smooth transition to new imperial government with power divided between him and Senate • Most financial, administrative matters under Augustus’s control • Foreign Affairs • Started program to bring peace to west, particularly to Gaul, Spain • Began series of conquests that pushed border eastward to Danube River • Also took special care of Rome itself • Legacy • Created police force, fire brigades; stockpiled food, water • Began building program; presided over moral, religious reforms • Great period of cultural creativity; great writers like Horace, Ovid, Virgil

  3. Pax Romana Roman Peace- Emperor viewed as a god! Cupid

  4. 27 180 • Emperor is a god! • Police and Fire Dept • Standardized laws = same everywhere in • empire • Britain • Romania (called Dacia) • Judea (Israel) • Iraq • N. Africa • Period of peace in empire—no civil wars • More trade, more money • Money to spend on improving Rome and the arts • Picked governors • Forced Romans to follow their laws

  5. The Julian Emperors • Augustus • Tiberius • Caligula • Claudius • Nero

  6. The Flavian Emperors • Vespasian—began Coliseum • Titus---son of Vespasian • Domitian---younger son of Vespasian

  7. Five Good Emperors • Nerva • Trajan • Hadrian • Antoninus Pius • Marcus Aurelius Emperors adopted the empire’s best general as their son so they could be the next emperor. This stopped with Commodus, son of Marcus Aurelius

  8. 180 476 Germany protection land Asia Payment from Romans to not invade; led by Attila Armies fought to make their general emperor. 37 Emperors from 180 AD to 287 AD!!!! INFLATION= rise in prices; trade declines less production

  9. 284 476 284-305 379-395 • Split the empire in 2—East and West • Set maximum prices for goods • Order people to remain in jobs for life • Believed in divine right = emperor rules not because people allow it, but chosen by god • Last ruler of Eastern and Western empires • Allowed the Goths to settle in Roman territory • Declared Christianity the only religion in the empire 307-337 • German tribes invade --- the Ostrogoths (east) and Visigoths(west), the Lombards, Vandals, and the Franks • In 476 a German general named Odoacer becomes emperor • First Roman emperor to become a Christian • Moved the capital from Rome to Constantinople (today Istanbul in Turkey)

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