2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

1. 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar Martyn Dodd

2. 2008 Standards Documents Energy Commission Documents & Materials: • 2008 Building Energy Efficiency Standards • 2008 Residential ACM Manual • 2008 Nonresidential ACM Manual • 2008 Reference Appendices • 2008 Residential Compliance Manual • 2008 Nonresidential Compliance Manual What’s New www.energy.ca.gov www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2008standards Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

3. Acceptance Forms Tests and Procedures Specified in Chapter 10 of the Nonresidential Manual • ENV-2A Fenestration • LTG-2A Indoor Lighting Controls • OLTG-2A Outdoor Lighting Controls • MECH-2A Ventilation Systems • MECH-3A Single Zone HVAC Systems • MECH-4A Air Distribution Systems • MECH-5A Economizers What’s New Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

4. Opaque Envelope Table 143-A Prescriptive Envelope Criteria for Nonresidential Buildings Envelope • Common U-Factor Equivalents for Roofs/Ceilings • 0.039 = R-25 (Wood Framed and Other) • 0.049 = R-21 (Wood Framed and Other) • 0.075 = R-11 (Wood Framed and Other) • 0.065 = R-19 (Metal Building Roof) Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

5. Opaque Envelope Table 143-A Prescriptive Envelope Criteria for Nonresidential Buildings Envelope • Mass Light walls are defined as having a heat capacity  7.0 btu/h-ft2 and < 15.0 BTU/h-ft2 • Mass Heavy walls are defined as having a heat capacity  15.0 BTU/h-ft2 • Common U-Factor Equivalents for Walls • 0.042 = R-13 + R-14 Continuous (Wood Framed) • 0.062 = R-0 + R-14 Continuous (Metal Framed) • 0.059 = R-0 + R-14 Continuous (Wood Framed) • 0.059 = R-11 + R-7 Continuous (Wood Framed) • 0.110 = R-11 (Wood Framed) • 0.061 = R-10 + R-13 (Metal Building Wall) Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

6. Opaque Envelope Table 143-A: Prescriptive Envelope Criteria for Nonresidential Buildings Envelope Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

7. Opaque Envelope Table 143-B: Prescriptive Envelope Criteria for High-Rise Residential Buildings and Guest Rooms of Hotel/Motel Buildings Envelope • Common U-Factor Equivalents for Roofs/Ceilings • 0.028 = R-38 (Wood Framed & Other) • 0.034 = R-30 (Wood Framed & Other) • 0.039 = R-25 (Wood Framed & Other) • 0.065 = R-19 (Metal Building Roof) • Common U-Factor Equivalents for Walls 0.042 = R-13 + R-14 Continuous (Wood Framed) • 0.105 = R-13 + R-4 Continuous (Metal Framed) • 0.059 = R-11 + R-7 Continuous (Wood Framed) • 0.061 = R-10 + R-13 (Metal Building Wall) Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

8. Opaque Envelope Table 143-B: Prescriptive Envelope Criteria for High-Rise Residential Buildings and Guest Rooms of Hotel/Motel Buildings Envelope Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

9. Cool Roofs • Minimum aged reflectance of 0.55 • Minimum emittance of 0.75, or • Minimum SRI** of 64 Nonresidential buildings with low-sloped roofs* (Climate Zones 2-15) Envelope * Low Slope  2/12 ** Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) is a measure of the roof's ability to reject solar heat which includes both reflectance and emittance Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

10. Cool Roofs • Minimum aged reflectance of 0.20 • Minimum emittance of 0.75, or • Minimum SRI of 16 Composite Shingle, Metal Roof Nonresidential buildings with steep-sloped roofs*(Climate Zones 2-16) < 5#/sf roofing product Envelope * Steep Slope > 2/12 Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

11. Cool Roofs • Minimum aged reflectance of 0.15 • Minimum emittance of 0.75, or • Minimum SRI of 10 • Tile Roofs Nonresidential buildings with steep-sloped roofs* (Climate Zones 2-16)  5#/sf roofing product Envelope * Steep Slope > 2/12 Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

12. Cool Roofs High-rise residential buildings with low slope roofs* (Climate Zones 10, 11, 13-15) • Minimum aged reflectance of 0.55 • Minimum emittance of 0.75, or • Minimum SRI of 64 Envelope * Low Slope  2/12 Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

13. Cool Roofs Cool Roof Exemptions • Wood-framed roofs in climate zones 3 and 5 if the roof assembly has a U-factor of 0.039 or lower • Metal building roofs in climate zones 3 and 5 if the roof assembly has a U-factor of 0.048 or lower • Building integrated photovoltaic panels and building integrated solar thermal panels • Roof constructions that have thermal mass over the roof membrane with a weight of at least 25 lb/ft² Envelope Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

14. Cool Roofs If the aged value for the reflectance is not available in the CRRC’s Rated Product Directory then the equation below can be used until the aged rated value for the reflectance is posted in the directory Aged Reflectance Formula Envelope Aged Reflectance = ( 0.2 + 0.7 x [ρinitial – 0.2] ) ρinitial = Initial Reflectance listed in the CRRC Rated Product Directory Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

15. Cool Roofs Use Aged Reflectance and Emittance or Formula www.coolroofs.org Envelope Courtesy of CRRC Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

16. Daylighting Section 143(c) Envelope • Applies to Prescriptive Compliance • Enclosed spaces over 8,000 ft2 directly under a roof and • Ceiling heights greater than 15 ft and • Lighting Power Density greater than 0.5 W/ft2 • Unconditioned building must also comply • Would also be used in the baseline under the performance approach Exception 1 to Section 143 (c): Buildings in climate zones 1 or 16 Exception 2 to Section 143 (c): Auditoriums, movie theaters, museums, and refrigerated warehouses Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

17. At least half of the floor area shall be in the daylit zone area Skylights shall be diffusing (90% haze rating) Daylighting Envelope Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

18. Daylighting Envelope Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

19. Daylighting Envelope Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

20. Daylighting Automatic multi-level daylighting control that meets the requirements of Section 119 (i) • 3.3% Skylight Area or; • 1.1% Effective Aperture Envelope Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

21. Summary • Higher Insulation Requirements • Cool Roof Applications in Steep Slope • Expanded Requirements for Skylights Envelope Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

22. Mandatory Controls Areas that have primary daylit areas larger than 2,500 ft² shall have automatic daylighting controls for electric lighting Interior Lighting Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

23. Mandatory Controls Window Head Height determines the Daylit Area Interior Lighting Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

24. Mandatory Controls Fixtures in the primary daylit area must be separately switched Fixtures may also require daylighting controls Interior Lighting Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

25. Mandatory Controls Mandatory Occupancy Sensors in Section 131 Interior Lighting • Offices 250 square feet or smaller • Multipurpose rooms of less than 1000 sq ft • Any size classroom • Any size conference room Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

26. Mandatory Controls Mandatory Measure in Section 131 Interior Lighting Demand Responsive Lighting Controls • Retail Buildings • Sales Floor Area > 50,000 sq ft • Automatically Reduce Power by 15% • Areas with daylighting controls exempt Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

27. Controls for Credit Table 146-C Lighting Power Adjustment Factors Interior Lighting Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

28. Controls for Credit Table 146-C: Lighting Power Adjustment Factors (cont) Interior Lighting Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

29. Allowed Lighting Power Densities Table 5-2 (Table 146-E in the Standards) Complete Building Method Lighting Power Density Values (Watts/ft2) Interior Lighting Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

30. Allowed Lighting Power Densities Table 146-F Area Category Lighting Power Density Values (Watts/ft2) Interior Lighting Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

31. Cool Roof: Alterations If: Then: Replacing, recovering or recoating the exterior surface of existing roofs; and, > 50% of existing roof area or > 2,000 sf is replaced (whichever is less) Must meet all prescriptive cool roof requirements unless: • Existing roof and new roof have a rock or gravel surface and • No removal of existing roof layers > 50% or > 2,000 sf (whichever is less) and • No recoating with a liquid applied coating and • No installation of a recover board, rigid insulation or other rigid smooth substrate to separate and protect new roof covering from the existing roof Nonresidential Alterations and Additions Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

32. Cool Roof: Alterations • When low-sloped roofs (< 2:12) are exposed to roof deck or recover boards, exposed area must be insulated per Table 149-A (Section 149(b)1.B.iv.) • Nonresidential: R-8 in zones 1, 3 - 8; R-14 in zones 2, 10–16 • High-rise Residential and Hotel/Motel: R-14 in all zones Nonresidential Alterations and Additions Exceptions: • Existing roof > R-7 or < 0.089 U-factor; or, • Mechanical equipment on roof not disconnected and lifted, so maximum insulation thickness must allow 8” from roof membrane to top of base flashing; or, a similar exception with penthouse or parapet walls that meet other conditions; or, • Tapered insulation okay if average “thermal resistance” [sic] > value specified in Table 149-A (e.g., average U-factor x area) Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

33. Envelope Alteration Strategies • If all altered envelope components meet or exceed the prescriptive values, you’re done • If one or more altered envelope components cannot meet the prescriptive requirements then: • Try the Overall TDV Energy approach Remember: if applicable, prescriptive cool roof values must be met • Try the performance Existing + Alteration approach Remember: any altered component that misses the prescriptive requirement – even if it’s much better than the existing condition – will be a penalty that must be offset with other features (including lighting and mechanical if available) Nonresidential Alterations and Additions Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

34. Prescriptive Indoor Lighting: Alterations • Alterations no different from prescriptive indoor lighting for new construction, except you must: • Decide which enclosed spaces or floor areas are part of the lighting alterations • Include existing lighting fixtures which remain if they are within the altered lighting areas • Exercise reasonable judgment in deciding these, clearly illustrate assumptions, and have the approval of the building department • Additions are handled the same as new construction Nonresidential Alterations and Additions Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

35. Envelope Performance Credits: Alterations • General rule: Energy credit for upgrading any measure from its pre-existing condition is granted only if the altered measure meets or exceeds the applicable prescriptive requirement • Any special energy design feature modeled which is not associated with a particular prescriptive requirement may be a credit Nonresidential Alterations and Additions Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

36. Envelope Alterations: Standard Design • If an alteration meets the prescriptive value(s), then the ACM puts the pre-existing conditions for that altered measure in the standard design; and the proposed building (post-alteration) gets credit for the upgrade • If an alteration does not meet the prescriptive value(s), then the ACM puts the prescriptive value(s) for that measure in the standard design; and the alteration – even if it’s an improvement over the pre-existing condition – is penalized for not meeting the prescriptive requirements Nonresidential Alterations and Additions Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar

37. Envelope Alterations Penalties Penalties include: • Installing replacement fenestration which does not meet both the prescriptive U-factor and SHGC values • Not installing the more stringent 2008 exterior wall insulation prescriptive levels or cool roofs • Adding glazing area to a building so that the Window Wall Ratio  40% Nonresidential Alterations and Additions Advanced 2008 Title 24 Nonresidential Seminar