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The Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation Program

The Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation Program. Outline of Presentation. Overview of the Greater Mekong Subregion Drivers for Regional Cooperation in the GMS The GMS Economic Cooperation Program Development Interventions in the GMS Program (3 Cs)

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The Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation Program

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  1. The Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation Program

  2. Outline of Presentation Overview of the Greater Mekong Subregion Drivers for Regional Cooperation in the GMS The GMS Economic Cooperation Program Development Interventions in the GMS Program (3 Cs) Major Cross-cutting Challenges in the GMS

  3. Overview of the GMS

  4. The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) People’s Republic of China Land area: 633 thou sq km Population: 93.8 M GDP per capita: US$1,032 (figures for Yunnan and Guangxi only) Myanmar Land area: 677 thou sq km Population: 54.8 M GDP per capita: US$255 Viet Nam Land area: 332 thou sq km Population: 83.1 M GDP per capita: US$622 Thailand Land area: 513 thou sq km Population: 65.3 M GDP per capita: US$2,727 Lao PDR Land area: 237 thou sq km Population: 5.6 M GDP per capita: US$491 The GMS in 2005 Land area: 2.6 M sq km Population: 316 M GDP per capita: US$1,102 Cambodia Land area: 181 thou sq km Population: 13.8 M GDP per capita: US$393

  5. STRATEGIC ROAD LINKS BETWEEN SOUTH ASIA AND THE GREATER MEKONG SUBREGION

  6. Drivers for Regional Cooperation in the GMS

  7. Why regional cooperation in the GMS? Take advantage of linkages Address shared challenges Support pursuit of national development goals Regional cooperation is the only answer to land-locked countries’ development challenges

  8. GMS: Accelerated economic growth through expanded trade and investment a/ Excludes PRC

  9. GMS: Some Improvements in Poverty Indicators aYunnan Province bGuangxi

  10. The GMSEconomic Cooperation Program

  11. GMS Program: Origins and Key Features Started in 1992 by six riparian countries of the Mekong river Market-based integration program Broad-based covering key sectors to realize prosperity, equity, and sustainable development Activity-driven, Project-focused Flexible and pragmatic Links “hard” and “soft” aspects 11

  12. Summit Ministerial-level Conference National Coordinating Committee in Each Country ADB GMS Secretariat Senior Officials’ Meeting Forums/Working Groups in Nine Sectors Institutional Structure

  13. The GMS Vision: A Mekong subregion that is more integrated, prosperous and harmonious Connectivity Competitiveness Community 3 Cs

  14. GREATER MEKONG SUBREGION ENHANCING CONNECTIVITY, COMPETITIVENESS AND COMMUNITY Strategic Framework 2002-2012 Strategic Thrusts Action Plan Goals Vision Strengthen infrastructure linkages • Transport • Telecommunications • Energy • Environment • Tourism • Trade • Investment • Human Resource Development • Agriculture • Accelerated and sustained economic growth • Reduced poverty & income disparities • Improved quality of life • Sustainable management of environment & natural resources Facilitate cross-border trade, investment & tourism • More Integrated • Prosperous • Harmonious • Subregion Enhance private sector participation & competitiveness Develop human resources & skills competencies Protect environment & promote sustainable use of shared natural resources

  15. GMS Priority Sectors Transport Telecoms Energy Environment Tourism Trade facilitation Investment Human resource development Agriculture

  16. 11 GMS Flagship Programs From transport corridors into economic corridors (3) Telecommunications Backbone, Power Trade, Trade and Investment, Private Sector Participation Human Resources and Skills Competencies Environment, Flood Management Tourism

  17. Development Interventions in the GMS Economic Cooperation Program: Policies, Institutional Responses, Strategies, Programs and Projects

  18. Roads Telecommunications Power Transmission Line CONNECTIVITY Facilitating subregional trade and investment 1992 2006 2015 18

  19. Simplified cross-border commerce and tourism Trade and transport facilitation Promoting GMS as a single tourist destination GMS Business Forum Cooperation in agriculture COMPETITIVENESS 19

  20. The Mekong The 2nd richest river system in the world Different Geographical Characteristics One of the world most diverseecosystems, And thus supporting one the world greatest biodiversity both in plants and animal species ……. And one of the most productive river

  21. Mekong River Basin • Main regions • Upper Mekong Basin For most of its length, it flows Through narrow valleys in the Mountain in China. Upper Basin is narrow, with few tributaries And gives 18% of the total flow

  22. Manwan and Dachaoshan dams, Feb 2003 20 km

  23. Mekong River Basin • Main regions • Upper Mekong Basin • Lower Mekong basin • Highlands

  24. Mekong River Basin • Main regions • Upper Mekong Basin • Lower Mekong • Highlands • Central/Isan Plateau

  25. Mekong River Basin • Main regions • Upper Mekong Basin • Highlands • Central / Isan Plateau • Cambodian plain and Great Lake

  26. Mekong River Basin • Main regions • Upper Mekong Basin • Highlands • Isan Plateau • Cambodian plain and Great Lake • Delta

  27. Jointly addressing shared concerns Communicable disease control Promoting safe migration Human trafficking prevention Core Environment Program Building capacity for development management COMMUNITY 32

  28. Major Cross-Cutting Challenges in the GMS

  29. Major Cross-Cutting Challenges in GMS Economic integration Infrastructure development Rural Development & Poverty Reduction Other Social and Economic Issues

  30. Major Cross-Cutting Challenges in GMS Development of markets and a strong private sector Policy and institutional reform Human resource development Environmental protection and need to develop alternative sources of energy

  31. Economic Cooperation Beyond Trade Liberalization Trade liberalization itself is unable to guarantee that all member states, particularly the less developed countries or people in all regions within a country, could share the benefits from the economy of scale and efficiency improvements. Subregional Cooperation (small groups among big group of ASEAN): Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation (GMS) Ayeyawady-Chao Phraya-Mekong Economic Cooperation Strategy (ACMECS) Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle (IMT-GT) Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)

  32. Strengthening Capacity by Promoting Subregional Cooperation GMS -- Connectivity Competitiveness Community ACMECS -- Sister Cities Contract Farming Narrowing Economic Gap BIMSTEC -- New Emerging Economies Poverty Eradication Anti-Terrorism JDS – Stability & Security IMT-GT – Avian Influenza Energy, Natural Disaster and Earthquake Security

  33. GMS’s Regional Development Outlook Strategic Location Trade & Investment Openness Enhanced Connectivity & Efficient Logistics Competitive Economy Building Economic Partnership within the Region

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