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The Greater Mekong Subregion Development Potentials. Mekong River Basin Six Riparian Nations. Longitudinal river profile of the Mekong River from source to delta.
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Longitudinal river profile of the Mekong River from source to delta Vertical drop in the river is about 4,500m in China; the river drops only about 500m over the remaining 2,600km to the South China Sea.
The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) People’s Republic of China Land area: 633 thou sq km Population: 97.3 M GDP per capita: US$1,135 (figures for Yunnan and Guangxi only) Myanmar Land area: 677 thou sq km Population: 54.8 M GDP per capita: US$255 (2005) Viet Nam Land area: 332 thou sq km Population: 84.1 M GDP per capita: US$724 Thailand Land area: 513 thou sq km Population: 65.8 M GDP per capita: US$3,133 Lao PDR Land area: 237 thou sq km Population: 5.7 M GDP per capita: US$601 The GMS in 2006 Land area: 2.6 M sq km Population: 323 M GDP per capita: US$1,453* * excludes Myanmar Cambodia Land area: 181 thou sq km Population: 14.1 M GDP per capita: US$510
Subregional Development Trends Intra-subregional connectivity especially in infrastructure will be improved and completed i.e. land transportation, telecoms & ICT, transmission lines and power grids Subregional Connectivity in the GMS: 1992 2006 2015 Roads Telecommunications Power Transmission Line
Strategic Location Trade & Investment Openness Enhanced Connectivity & Efficient Logistics Competitive Economy Thailand’s Regional Development Outlook Building Economic Partnership within the Region
Strengthening Capacity by Promoting Subregional Cooperation ASEAN Economic Community GMS -- Connectivity Competitiveness Community ACMECS -- Sister Cities Contract Farming Narrowing Economic Gap BOT JDS – Stability & Security IMT-GT – Avian Influenza Energy, Natural Disaster and Earthquake Security
Promoting the GMS as a Single Tourist Destination • 2005: GMS Tourism Sector Strategy (2006-2015) – • Mekong River Corridor • Golden Triangle • East-West Corridor • Emerald Triangle • Southern Coastal • Green Cluster • Houphanh-Than-Hoa Oun La Tourism Circuit • Andaman Coast and Islands • 10. Red River Valley • 11. Guangxi-North Vietnam Islands Source: GMS Tourism Sector Strategy (2006-2015)
Why do we need GMS Cooperation? • Connectivity • Competitiveness • Community Building "The power grid needs to be developed in a coordinated manner through an operating agreement on power trade in order to move toward a competitive subregional electricity market for the GMS." (ADB)
Direct Benefits of Power Cooperation • • Reduce national investment in the power reserves maintained to meet peak demand. • • Provide a more reliable supply of electricity. • • Reduce operational costs in the power sector. • • Cut down on greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants. • •Increase access for consumers to cheaper and more environmentally friendly sources of electricity.
Energy & Power Thailand’s Energy Infrastructure: Cooperation with Neighboring Countries Myanmar Hydro Potential Thanlwin : 16,000 MW Lao PDR Hydro Potential Mekong Tributaries : 5,000 MW • Establish Energy Power Market - Power Grid - Power Trade Operating Agreement • Cross Border Cooperation on Alternative Energy i.e. Biofuels Hydropower & Others • Support Energy for the Poor i.e. Rural Electrification, Border Power Trade Myanmar Natural Gas Potential Yadana & Yetagun: 7.98 tcf Malaysia Power Exchange Existing 300 MW Future 300 MW Oil & Gas in JDA 5 tcf (Thai Share)