Based on Part 3 of Text: Organization

1. Based on Part 3 of Text:Organization

2. Extemporaneous Speaking Making Effective Presentations Making Effective Presentations

3. Basic Elements of a Speech • Introduction • Central Idea (Thesis Statement) • Body Main points Sub points Conclusion

4. Organizing the Body • Identify Main Points and Sub-points • Choose the Best Organizational Pattern • Chronological -- Spatial • Topical • Cause-effect • Problem-solution • Motivated Sequence *(motivational) • Like a sales pitch -- sequence of ideas which, by following the normal process of human thinking, motivates the audience to respond to the speaker’s purpose

5. Motivated Sequence • Attention step • Need step • Satisfaction step • Visualization step • Action step • (persuasive)

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7. Rules for Main Points • Main points should be stated as claims, declarative sentences • All points should support the thesis • A presentation should contain no more than five main points (us, usually 3) • Each main point should contain only one idea • No complex sentences • Main points should be parallel in structure whenever possible

8. Our book says… • Assemble all promising information • Use a variety of tools to identify potential points • Main points must correspond with the thesis • Use main points that are mutually exclusive • Include 2-5 main points • Express points to reflect relationships

9. Common Organizational Problems • Taking Too Long to Get to the Point • Including Irrelevant Material • Leaving Out Necessary Information • Getting Ideas Mixed up • Unclear or missing transitions • Adding info in speech that’s not in the outline

10. Functions of the Introduction (attention focusing material) • Capture the Listeners’ Attention • Give Your Audience a Reason to Listen • Set the Proper Tone for the Topic and Setting • Establish Your Qualifications • Introduce Your Thesis and Preview Your Presentation

11. Types of Opening Statements (attention-focusing ideas) • Ask a Question or Rhetorical Question • Tell a Story • Present a Quotation • Make a Startling Statement • Refer to the Audience • Refer to the Occasion • Use Humor

12. Orientating Material • Historical Background • Define Terms • Personal History or Tie to Topic • Still keep Intro short -- don’t get into speech body content

13. Our book says • Project confidence before starting • Engage the audience immediately • Provide a psychological orientation • Provide a logical orientation • Create a compact introduction

14. Planning the Conclusion • Functions of the Conclusion • The Review • The Closing Statement • Types of Closing Statements • Return to the Theme of Your Opening Statement • Appeal for Action (inform vs. persuade) • End With a Challenge • Clincher connects to open -- pulls together thesis

15. More Conclusion • Humorous Story • Rhetorical Question • Unusual or Dramatic Device • Quotations • Summary • In conclusion…& close! • Again -- short part of speech • DON’T ASK FOR QUESTIONS

16. Our book says… • Provide logical closure • Provide psychological closure • End your speech with a clincher

17. Adding Transitions (aka ‘connectives’) • Functions of Transitions • They Promote Clarity • They Emphasize Important Ideas • They Keep Listeners’ Interested • They are the road map* to your main ideas and supporting evidence • *trip to Houston

18. Our book says… • Select connectives that reflect logical relationships • Involves which organizational pattern • ‘first of all’ / “second…” • Use internal previews and summaries • Internal preview: forecasting • Summary: recapping

19. Major Speeches... • Plan for 10 minute speech • Practice, record, evaluate -- realistic setting • Rough draft work in class; final draft speech outline and note card(s) – see course outline – hard copies must be stapled & note card secured • Minimum 2 prepared visual aids in each – due by 10 pm Wednesday to rtv_news@yahoo.com (see course outline) • Visual / presentation aids (later pages) • Sources and citations – References (citations) required: increased need and use over next two speeches

20. Critique Speeches • Speaker 1 • Speaker 2 • Previous: student work • Here: ‘professionals’

21. One More Prep Issue… • Thinking ahead to visual aids • 2 different types required in Major Speeches • Use them to enhance understanding • Talk to the audience, not the visual aid • Cite source for any that you do not make

24. Wi-Fi Radio Plans • Auto makers putting Internet radio tuners in cars • Home wi-fi radio

25. Making Money: The SoundExchange Problem • NAB - SoundExchange Settlement • 2006 - $.0008 • 2007 - $.0011 • 2008 - $.0014 • 2009 - $.0015 • 2010 - $.0016 • 2011 - $.0017 • 2012 - $.0020 • 2013 - $.0022 • 2014 - $.0023 • 2015 - $.0025

26. The SoundExchange Problem • Assuming 12 songs an hour times the aggregate tuning hours from previous months plus a growth rate. • KNDE example last month: 18,859 aggregate tuning hours • 18,859*12*$0.0015=$339.46 for the SoundExchange fee

27. ### • If time – samples for spacing