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Dopamine (DA) neuron

axons. Dendrites. terminals. Cell body (Soma). Dopamine (DA) neuron. Most information comes in here. axons. Dendrites. terminals. Cell body (Soma). Dopamine (DA) neuron. Chemical signals Generate EPSPs Or IPSPs. axons. terminals. Cell body (Soma). Dopamine (DA) neuron.

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Dopamine (DA) neuron

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  1. axons Dendrites terminals Cell body (Soma) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  2. Most information comes in here axons Dendrites terminals Cell body (Soma) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  3. Chemical signals Generate EPSPs Or IPSPs axons terminals Cell body (Soma) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  4. If excitation caused By EPSPs is great Enough to cross the threshold, An Action Potenial is generated. axons terminals Cell body (point of origin) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  5. Action Potentials travel along the axon axons terminals Cell body (point of origin) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  6. Action Potentials travel along the axon axons terminals Cell body (point of origin) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  7. AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  8. Excitation above the threshold Opens Voltage-gated Na+ channels Na+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  9. Na+ ions rush into cell, causing Action Potential (ascending part) Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  10. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ K+ moves out To restore resting Potential (i.e., Descending part) AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  11. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  12. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  13. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  14. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  15. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  16. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  17. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  18. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  19. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  20. Action Potential is propagated down The Axon K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ AXON Towards terminals Towards soma

  21. Action Potentials travel along the axon axons terminals Cell body (point of origin) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  22. axons terminals Cell body (point of origin) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  23. axons terminals Cell body (point of origin) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  24. axons terminals Cell body (point of origin) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  25. axons terminals Cell body (point of origin) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . axons . . . . . . . . . causing neurotransmitter release from the terminals Cell body (point of origin) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . axons . . . . . . . . causing neurotransmitter release from the terminals Cell body (point of origin) Dopamine (DA) neuron

  28. SYNAPSE: Point of functional connection DA terminal Transmitter is stored In vesicles Synaptic cleft Postsynaptic cell

  29. Electrical impulse “action potential” DA terminal Synaptic cleft Postsynaptic cell

  30. DA terminal Synaptic cleft Postsynaptic cell

  31. DA terminal Ca++ Synaptic cleft Postsynaptic cell

  32. DA terminal Ca++ Ca++ Ca++ Ca++ Synaptic cleft Postsynaptic cell

  33. DA terminal . . . . . Transmitter is released Synaptic cleft Postsynaptic cell

  34. DA terminal . Transmitter diffuses across synaptic cleft . . . . Synaptic cleft . Postsynaptic cell

  35. DA terminal Transmitter diffuses across synaptic cleft Synaptic cleft . . . . . . Postsynaptic cell

  36. DA terminal Transmitter binds to postsynaptic receptors Synaptic cleft . . . . . . DA Receptor proteins Postsynaptic cell

  37. DA terminal Synaptic cleft Physiological and biochemical effects (EPSPs or IPSPs) Postsynaptic cell

  38. STUDIES OF THE BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF DRUGS DRUGS MODIFY THE PROCESS OF CHEMICAL TRANSMISSION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM • Alter neurotransmitter synthesis • Block storage of transmitter • Stimulate or reduce release • Stimulate or block receptors • Block the inactivation (enzymatic breakdown or uptake) of transmitter

  39. PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS • Prozac • Zoloft BLOCK THE INACTIVATION OF SEROTONIN (5-HT) - other antidepressants can have actions on other transmitters (NE)

  40. PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS • Haldol • Thorazine • Clozapine BLOCK RECEPTORS FOR THE NEUROTRANSMITTER DOPAMINE (DA)

  41. PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY ANTIANXIETY DRUGS • Valium • Librium • Xanax FACILITATE THE INHIBITORY ACTIONS OF GABA ON A TYPE OF GABA RECEPTOR (GABAA)

  42. PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY STIMULANT DRUGS • Cocaine • Methamphetamine • Ritalin BLOCK THE INACTIVATION OF DOPAMINE (DA), or STIMULATE RELEASE OF DA; also act on NE and 5-HT

  43. PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY MINOR STIMULANT DRUGS • Caffeine • Theophylline • (components of coffee, tea, “energy” drinks) BLOCK ADENOSINE RECEPTORS

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