Energy & Its Impact on Global Society

1. Energy & Its Impact on Global Society Jerome K. Williams, Ph.D. Saint Leo University Dept. Mathematics & Sciences

2. Part 2: Introduction • Energy Resources & Reserves • Energy Calculations • Lifecycle of Energy Resource • Energy Conservation

3. Energy Resources & Reserves • Two principal questions • How large is each resource? • How long will it last? • Resources that can be recovered profitably using present technology are called reserves

4. Energy Resources & Reserves • Each type of energy reserve is measured in units appropriate to its physical form • Tons of coal (ton) • Barrels of oil (bbl) • Trillion cubic feet natural gas (tcf)

5. Energy Resources & Reserves

6. Energy Resources & Reserves

7. Source: US Energy Information Administration

8. Energy Resources & Reserves • Common Base Unit for Energy is called the British Thermal Unit (Btu) • The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 lb of water by 1 degree Fahrenheit. • Approximately the energy released by burning a kitchen match

9. Energy Calculations • U.S. oil reserves are estimated at 29 billion barrels, and we currently produce about 6 million barrels a day. How long, in years, will these reserves last at this production rate? • Answer: 13 years

10. Lifecycle of Energy Resource • Use or exploitation of resource shows three stages • Initial period of increase • Production reaches a maximum • Decline phase eventually going to zero

12. Energy Conservation • Total energy consumed in any activity is a result of two factors: • How much energy output vs. amount you input? • What is the length or amount of that activity?

13. Energy Conservation • Efforts of energy conservation usually concentrate on two approaches: • Technical Fix: goal is to reduce energy required for activity • Lifestyle Change: Modify behavior to reduce frequency of activity

14. Suggested Problems • Questions: 1, 3, 13, 17