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Your Nervous System

Your Nervous System. Peripheral Nervous System. Engage. As a class visit IQ Test Labs at www.intelligencetest.com/reflex/index.htm

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Your Nervous System

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  1. Your Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System

  2. Engage • As a class visit IQ Test Labs at www.intelligencetest.com/reflex/index.htm • Select various students to come to the computer and test their skills on the different reflex/reaction tests. This website states that scientific tests have shown that reaction times to simple tasks have high correlations with g the general intelligence factor. Students should have fun attempting these reaction time games.

  3. Explore • Muscle Messages

  4. Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system Sensory nerves Motor nerves Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system Explain Section 35-3 The Nervous System is divided into which consists of that make up which is divided into

  5. PNS • NERVES that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body • Motor Division – impulses from CNS to muscles or glands • Two Parts: • Somatic Nervous System • Autonomic Nervous System • Sensory Division – transmits impulses from sense organs to CNS

  6. Motor DivisionPNS

  7. Somatic Nervous System • Controls voluntary movement of the skeletal muscles

  8. Autonomic Nervous System • Controls involuntary actions • Subdivided into two system that have opposite effects on the same organs: • Parasympathetic – decreases heart rate • Controls internal organs during normal activity • Sympathetic – increases heart rate • Controls internal organs during high stress activity

  9. Sensory DivisionPNS

  10. Sensory ReceptorsWRITE INFO ON CONCEPT MAP • 5 categories

  11. 1. Pain Receptors • Throughout body; except brain • Respond to chemical released by damaged cells • Important to recognize • Danger • Injury • Disease

  12. 2. Thermoreceptors • In skin, body core, hypothalamus • Detect variations in body temperature

  13. 3. Mechanoreceptors • Skin, skeletal muscle, and inner ears • Sensitive to • Touch • Pressure • Stretching of muscles • Sound • motion

  14. 4. Chemoreceptors • Nose and Tongue • Chemical in external environment

  15. Vitreous humor Muscle Lens Fovea Aqueous humor Cornea Pupil Optic nerve Iris Blood vessels Ligaments Retina Choroid Sclera Figure 35-14 The Eye Section 35-4

  16. 5. Photoreceptors • Eyes • Sensitive to Light • DO NOT WRITE NEXT INFO – IT IS ON YOUR SHEET

  17. Vision • Cornea • Helps focus light • Filled with aqueous humor • Iris • Back of cornea • Colored part of eye • Pupil • Tiny muscles regulate the size • Regulates amount of light • Lens • Small muscles change its shape to focus on object near and far away • Behind lens eye filled with vitreous humor • Retina • Has photoreceptors • No photoreceptors where optic nerve passes through the back of the eye; blind spot • Two types • Rods – black and white • Cones – color

  18. Pathway for Vision Reception • Light • cornea • iris and pupil • lens • Retina to photoreceptors • Rods • Cones – Fovea • Optic Nerve • Brain

  19. Oval window Stirrup Anvil Semicircular canals Hammer Cochlear nerve Cochlea Bone Auditory canal Tympanum Round window Eustachian tube Figure 35-15 The Ear Section 35-4

  20. Hearing and Balance • Ear • Two Functions • Hearing • Detecting Positional change to movement

  21. Hearing • Sound – air vibrations • Auditory canal – funnels air to tympanum (ear drum) • Tymapnum – vibrates • Hammer, Anvil, Stirrup- vibrate and transmit vibrations to oval window • Cochlea – filled with fluid and vibrations create pressure waves in the inner ear • Tiny hairs respond to waves and send messages to brain via the cochlear nerve

  22. Balance • Semicircular Canals • 3 canals that form half circles • Filled with fluid and hairs that detect motion of head in relation to gravity

  23. Oval window Stirrup Anvil Semicircular canals Hammer Cochlear nerve Cochlea Bone Auditory canal Tympanum Round window Eustachian tube Figure 35-15 The Ear Section 35-4

  24. Smell and Taste • Chemoreceptors pick up chemical reception in nose and mouth • Smell – olfactory bulb • Taste – taste buds • Salty • Bitter • Sour • Sweet

  25. Olfactory (smell) bulb Taste sensory area Olfactory nerve Thalamus Cerebral cortex Smell receptor Nasal cavity Smell sensory area Taste bud Taste pore Taste receptor Sensory nerve fibers The Senses of Smell and Taste Section 35-4

  26. Touch and Related Senses • Largest sense organ? • SKIN • Sensory Receptors • Temperature • Touch • Pain • Greatest density of touch receptors • Fingers • Toes • Face

  27. Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system Sensory nerves Motor nerves Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system Concept Map Section 35-3 The Nervous System is divided into which consists of that make up which is divided into

  28. Elaborate • Reflex Arc Lab

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