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Infrared Medium-deep Survey

This survey explores high redshift universe through imaging of quasars, galaxies, and clusters. Key scientific questions include supermassive black holes, galaxy evolution, and dark matter relations. The survey design aims to detect faint objects using NIR imaging. The project involves various institutions and telescopes for comprehensive observations.

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Infrared Medium-deep Survey

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  1. Infrared Medium-deep Survey Myungshin Im1, Jae-Woo Kim1, Seong-Kook J. Lee1, Yiseul Jeon1, Yongjung Kim1, Soojong Pak2, Yongmin Yoon1, Won-Kee Park1,3, Ji Hoon Kim1, Marios Karouzos1, Changsu Choi1, Hyunsung Jun1, Dohyeong Kim1, Jueun Hong1, Duho Kim1, Minhee Hyun1, Yoon Chan Taak1, Giseon Baek2, Hyeonju Jeong2, Juhee Lim2, Eunbin Kim2, Nahyun Choi2, Hye-In Lee2, K. M. Bae2, & Seunghyuk Chang4 & IMS Team 1CEOU/Astronomy Program, Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, KOREA, 2School of Space Research, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 446-741, KOREA, 3Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Daejeon 305-348, KOREA, 4Samsung Electronics, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 443-370, KOREA The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  2. Infrared Medium-deep Survey • Imaging survey at J(Y) < 23 AB mag, 130 deg2 of 7 fields • Follow-up NIR imaging of high redshift objects selected from 2000+ deg2 • ~30 members from SNU, KHU, KASI, ASIAA, NCU, Subaru • Observation with UKIRT, McDonald 2.1m, since 2010 UKIRT 3.9-m (zYJHK) McDonald 2.1-m with CQUEAN (grizY, is/iz) The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  3. Key Scientific Questions Supermassive Black Holes (109 – 1010 M⊙) at z < 7 (Fan et al. 2005; Mortlock et al. 2011) When and how did they emerge? Re-ionization State of IGM? Quasars at 5 < z < 7.5 Massive clusters at z > 1! (Foley et al. 2011 + many) How did galaxies evolve? LCDM universe OK? Dark halo/galaxy relation? Massive clusters at z > 1 First stars at z ~ 11.5? (Planck results +) Death of massive stars? GRBs and SNe The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  4. High Redshift Objects Are Red NIR imaging is essential QSO at z=7 Galaxy at z=2 Brown dwarf The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  5. Survey Design : How Many, How Deep? Quasars and galaxy clusters at high redshift 1 .How faint? 2. How many? 3. What wavelength? 23 ABmag 0.01 to 1 per 1 sq. degree 0.9 – 1 μm or longer: J or Y-band QSO LF@z=6 (Willott et al. 2010) The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea Im et al. (2002)

  6. IMS Fields: Total ~ 130 deg2

  7. Science Highlights • High redshift quasars • High redshift galaxy clusters/galaxies • Transient objects (GRBs, TDE, SNe, etc) The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  8. z ~ 5.5 z > 6.5 AKARI points (Jun, H., MI, et al. 2015) SMBH Mass Evolution Slow growth with heavy BH seeds ? Fast growth from stellar mass BHs • 1010M⊙ at z ~ 5 (1.2 Gyr), and out to z ~ 6.4 (0.95 Gyr) • Lbol/LEdd ~ 1  Eddington-limited accretion (e.g., Willott et al. 2010) • What was happening at z ~ 5.5 and z > 7?

  9. z~5.5 Quasars Stars Quasars Chiu et al. 2005 Identification of z ~ 5.5 • Difficult due to photometric properties of existing surveys

  10. High Redshift Quasar Selection @z=5.5 and z=6.5NIR+WISE color  Follow-up with Special filters

  11. CQUEAN, Camera for QUasars in EArly uNiverse • Kyungheee Univ.(S. Pak)/SNU • NIR sensitive (~1 micron) • Custom is andiz filters - tailored for high-z QSO selection • Focal Reducer(3x, 5’ x 5’) • Auto-guiding system • Installed on the 2.1m at McDonald Observatory • ~30 nights/year for high redshift quasar survey

  12. Spectroscopic confirmation of Bright QSOs at z ~ 5.5 and z ~ 6 z = 5.3 z = 5.0 Spectroscopic identification of 8 QSOs at z = 5 – 6 (all with 3-4m class telescopes) More spectroscopy to come (BH mass, IGM study) z = 6.0 Lyα Jeon, Y., MI, et al. 2016, in prep. The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  13. Magellan FIRE Spectroscopy • MgII  MBH The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  14. Luminous z ~ 5 Quasars are at near maximal accretion Maximal accretion The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  15. Discovery of a Faint Quasar at z ~ 6Gemini-S GMOS The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  16. What are the main sources that illuminated the early universe? Quasar LF (Kim et al. 2015) Many quasars: Quasars Few Quasars: Galaxies The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  17. The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  18. High Redshift Clusters • > 100s clusters at z < 1: Good agreement with CDM universe • Clusters at z > 1 (Overzier et al. 2008, Kang & Im 2009; Matsuda et al. 2011; Capak et al. 2011,…; 1 < z < 5.3)  Not many, trouble with CDM universe? • Superclusters@z ~ 1?? The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  19. Search for High Redshift Clusters Photometric redshift or color-color diagram  Redshift bin  Identify over-dense area z - J 3.6 – 4.5 micron The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  20. Cluster at z=1.1 • 1000 candidates identified • (See P4-17, 21, 42, 45 by Kim, Lee, Hyun, Karouzos et al.) The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  21. IMACS Observation

  22. Three clusters with 1014 > Msun 140 Mpc 35 Mpc Discovery of supercluster @z =0.9 in SSA22 (Jae-Woo Kim, MI, et al. 2015) See also, poster by Minhee Hyun (P4.1) for ELAIS-N1 The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  23. Simulation shows triple clusters are unlikely to be found at z=0.9 • Red points: cluster > 1014 Msun IMS SSA22 area The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  24. IMACS The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  25. Fraction of Quiescent GalaxyAt z > 1.4, mass dependent (not environment)At z < 1.4, environment becomes important Seong-Kook Lee, MI, et al. 2015 (Talk later) log (M*/M⊙)≥ 9.1 log (M*/M⊙)≥ 10.0 Red: Cluster Blue: Field Passive fraction (Npassive/Ntotal) APRIM 2014, Daejon

  26. GRB, Transients Tidal disruption event: Swift J1644+57 (Burrows et al. .., MI, .., 2011, Nature) Long-term (3 years) monitoring results (Yoon, et al. 2015) Christmas Burst, GRB 101225A (Thone, , MI,.. et al. 2011, Nature) CQUEAN riz data helped determine the black body radiation afterglow The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  27. Swift J1644+57Long-term Light Curve Before host subtraction ∝ t-0.4 After host subtraction ∝ t-1.1 ( c.f. TD ∝ t-5/3 ) The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  28. Black hole responsible for Swift J1644+54 (YM Yoon, MI, et al. 2015) • Long-term monitoring data  host galaxy property  MBH ~ a few x 106 M⊙ Yongmin Yoon (P4.7) The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  29. New CQUEAN filters • Medium-band filters on CQUEAN-II • From 0.6 – 1.0 micron, 0.5 micron width • Good for QSOs at 4 < z < 7, red galaxies at 0.5 < z < 1.5 (accurate photo-z) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  30. Faint z=5-6 quasar selection • z-band ~ 21.5-23 AB mag • Gemini-S GMOS spectroscopy confirmation • BH mass, LF Jeon, MI, et al. (2016) The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

  31. Summary • Infrared Medium-deep Survey - 130 deg2 imaging in J and Y (23 AB mag) - CQUEAN imaging of high redshift objects (2000+ deg2) - Transient follow-up Bright quasars at z ~ 5 – 5.5 Faint quasars at z ~ 5 - 6 Superclusters/clusters at z ~ 1 The 10th East Asian Meeting on Astronomy, SNU, Seoul, Korea

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