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DIGESTION NOTES

Learn about the structure of the digestive system, including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, large intestine, and rectum. Understand the function of digestion, which breaks down food into molecules the body can use, absorbs molecules into the blood, eliminates wastes, and promotes mechanical and chemical digestion. Explore ways to keep your digestive system healthy by drinking water and eating a healthy diet, including foods rich in fiber.

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DIGESTION NOTES

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  1. http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/digestivesystem/ DIGESTION NOTES 7th grade science

  2. STRUCTURE OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM • MOUTH • ESOPHAGUS • STOMACH • SMALL INTESTINE • LIVER • PANCREAS • GALLBLADDER • LARGE INTESTINE • RECTUM

  3. WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF DIGESTION? • BREAKS DOWN FOOD INTO MOLECULES THE BODY CAN USE. • MOLECULES ARE ABSORBED INTO BLOOD AND CARRIED THROUGHOUT BODY. • WASTES ARE ELIMINATED.

  4. MECHANICAL DIGESTION • THE PHYSICAL PROCESS THAT TEARS, GRINDS AND MASHES LARGE FOOD PARTICLES INTO SMALLER PIECES.

  5. CHEMICAL DIGESTION • THE PROCESS THAT BREAKS LARGE FOOD MOLECULES INTO SMALLER MOLECULES USING ENZYMES.

  6. 1.MOUTH • BREAKS DOWN STARCH INTO SUGAR • TEETH AND TONGUE ARE IMPORTANT IN MECHANICAL DIGESTION. • SALIVARY GLANDS IMPORTANT IN CHEMICAL DIGESTION.

  7. SALIVA • THE FLUID RELEASED WHEN YOUR MOUTH WATERS.

  8. EPIGLOTTIS • Covers up the trachea when you swallow so that nothing but air enters. • Allows food to go down the esophagus

  9. 2.ESOPHAGUS • A MUSCULAR TUBE THAT CONNECTS THE MOUTH TO THE STOMACH LINED WITH MUCUS TO ALLOW FOOD TO BE MOVED ALONG

  10. PERISTALSIS • CONTRACTIONS OF ESOPHAGUS THAT PUSHES ALONG FOOD.

  11. 3.STOMACH • A J-SHAPED MUSCULAR POUCH • MOST MECHANICAL DIGESTION OCCURS HERE • CHURNS THE FOOD INTO A THICK, SOUPY LIQUID. • PEPSIN CHEMICALLY DIGESTS PROTEINS INTO AMINO ACIDS. • HYDROCHLORIC ACID KILLS BACTERIA.

  12. 4.SMALL INTESTINES • THE PART WHERE MOST CHEMICAL DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OCCURS HERE. • SECRETIONS FROM THE LIVER, PANCREAS AND SMALL INTESTINE BREAK FOOD INTO SIMPLE SUGARS AND AMINO ACIDS.

  13. VILLI • FINGERLIKE PROJECTIONS THAT INCREASE THE SURFACE AREA OF THE SMALL INTESTINES. THESE ABSORB NUTRIENTS.

  14. LIVER • THE LARGEST AND HEAVIEST ORGAN INSIDE THE BODY; IT BREAKS DOWN SUBSTANCES AND ELIMINATES NITROGEN FROM THE BODY. • (PRODUCES BILE)

  15. BILE • A SUBSTANCE THAT BREAKS UP FAT PARTICLES INTO SMALLER ONES.

  16. PANCREAS • PRODUCE ENZYMES THAT BREAK DOWN STARCHES, PROTEINS AND FATS ( TRIANGULAR ORGAN)

  17. 5.LARGE INTESTINES • THE LAST SECTION OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WHERE WATER IS ABSORBED FROM FOOD AND THE REMAINING MATERIALS IS ELIMINATED FROM THE BODY • LARGE INTESTINES CONTAIN BACTERIA THAT PRODUCE VITAMINS.

  18. THE END • RECTUM – A SHORT SECTION AT THE END OF THE LARGE INTESTINE WHERE WASTE MATERIAL IS COMPRESSED INTO A SOLID FORM BEFORE BEING ELIMINATED. • ANUS –THE OPENING AT THE END OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM THROUGH WHICH WASTES ARE ELIMINATED.

  19. KEEP YOUR DIGESTIVE SYSTEM HEALTHY • Drinking water and eating a healthy diet • Eat foods rich in fiber (fruits, vegetables, and whole grains)

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