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Karel Mulder,

Developing a spatial- and technology - policy to provide domestic comfort to the urban inhabitants of North Western Europe. Karel Mulder,. Problem. climate change, 3-5 ˚ C until 2100 urban heat islands, up to 7 ˚ C warmer Enhanced urban heat effect, 1 ˚ C. More heat waves

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Karel Mulder,

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  1. Developing a spatial- and technology - policy to provide domestic comfort to the urban inhabitants of North Western Europe • Karel Mulder,

  2. Problem • climate change, 3-5 ˚C until 2100 • urban heat islands, up to 7 ˚C warmer • Enhanced urban heat effect, 1 ˚C

  3. More heat waves • Increased mortality • Airconditioners are introduced where they were not used thusfar: Summer peak in electricity: • Problem: cooling water for power stations

  4. Options at various levels • City planning: cooling effect of parks, rivers, lakes, canals • Neighbourhoods: trees, ponds, road (materials) • Buildings: roofs, (vegetation/reflection/hot water production), construction, orientation, insulation, materials • Sustainable Cooling: • geothermal cold (energy balance), efficient heat exchangers • Waste heat for cooling? Absorption chillers.

  5. The outline of a research program

  6. Heat absorption cooling:A win-win-win situation? Industry: ban on cooling water discharge if water temperatures exceed 28˚C Utilities: no new demand peak in electricity Consumers: ? All: less CO2

  7. A Lock in?Barriers? Sufficiency of passive measures? What if industry has less waste heat in future? A centralized cooling grid in combination with aquifers or sea water? Will there be efficient, smaller scale absorption coolers?

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