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CULTURE

This text discusses the concepts of culture, cultural traits, and diffusion, focusing on folk and popular culture. It explores the preservation of cultural uniqueness, the diffusion of cultural traits, and the impact of technology on cultural interactions.

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CULTURE

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  1. CULTURE • BELIEF SYSTEMS • NORMS • VALUES • TOTAL KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, BEHAVIORS • PRACTICED BY PEOPLE

  2. FOLK SMALL HOMOGENOUS RURAL COHESIVE IN CULTURAL TRAITS POPULAR LARGE HETEROGENOUS URBAN CHANGING CULTURAL TRAITS CULTURE GROUPS

  3. FOLK • LOCAL • GROUP IN A PLACE • COLLECTIVE OR COMMUNITY • SHARE EXPERIENCES, CUSTOMS, TRAITS • GOAL: PRESERVE ABOVE TO CLAIM UNIQUENESS AND DISTINGUISH THEMSELVES FROM OTHERS

  4. FOLK • CULTURAL TRAITS • DRESS, DWELLINGS, TRADITIONS, INSTITUTIONS • A SINGLE ELEMENT OF NORMAL PRACTICE

  5. THINK ON THESE… • AMISH • ST. PATRICK’S DAY • POLISH AMERICANS, SWEDISH AMERICANS

  6. LOCAL • CONSTANT REFINING, REDEFINING DUE TO INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER CULTURES AND DIFFUSION OF CULTURAL TRAITS • ESTABLISHED “HOODS”, CHURCHES, CENTERS • EXPRESS MATERIAL CULTURE • THINGS CONSTRUCTED: ART, HOUSES, CLOTHING, SPORTS, FOOD • EXPRESS NONMATERIAL CULURE • BELIEFS, PRACTICES, AESTHETICS (PERCEIVED ATTRACTIONS), VALUES

  7. RECALL CULTURAL DIFFUSION TYPES • 1. EXPANSION, SPREAD OF IDEA OR INNOVATION THRU POP IN INCREASING NUMBERS A. HIERARCHICAL, SPREAD I. OR INN. FIRST, AMONG CONNECTED PEOPLE AND PLACES B. CONTAGIOUS, DISTANCE CONTROLLED SPREAD OF I. OR INN. THRU POP BY PERSON TO PERSON CONTACT C. STIMULUS, CULTURAL ADAPTATION IS CREATED AS A RESULT OF INTRODUCTION OF CUL. TRAIT FROM ANOTHER PLACE EX. INDIA, HAMBURGER • 2. RELOCATION, MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE WITH I. OR INN. TO A NEW LOCALE TO DISSEMINATE A. ETHNIC “HOODS”, NYC MARATHON

  8. LOCAL AND POPULAR CULTURES • SUMMATIVE STATEMENT • LOCAL AND POPULAR CULTURES AFFECT PEOPLE AND PLACES ON DIFFERENT SCALES

  9. THINK • EMPLOYING THE CONCEPT OF HIERARCHICAL DIFFUSION, DESCRIBE HOW YOU BECAME A “KNOWER” OF YOUR FAVORITE KIND OF MUSIC. • WHERE IS ITS HEARTH? • HOW DID IT REACH YOU?

  10. HOW ARE LOCAL CULTURES SUSTAINED? • 1.ASSIMILATION, LOSING ORIGINAL TRAITS TO THE NEW CUL. OR SOCIETY • 2.CUSTOM, ROUTINE PRACTICE IN CULTURE • 3.ISOLATION • 4.ACCULTURATION, is the exchange of cultural features that results when groups of individuals having different cultures come into continuous first hand contact; the original cultural patterns of either or both groups may be altered, but the groups remain distinct

  11. HOW IS POPULAR CULTURE DIFFUSED? • AGRICULTURE, 10,000 YRS • PRINTING PRESS, IND. REV., 100 YRS • FACEBOOK, HOURS • PACE OF DIFFUSION HAS CHANGED! • HOW?

  12. DIFFUSION • TECH. HAS ALTERED DISTANCE DECAY, DIFFUSION DECREASES AS TIME AND DISTANCE FROM THE CUL. HEARTH INCREASES. • WITH TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION (TSC), DIFFUSION DEPENDS ON CONNECTIVITY IN COMMUNICATIONS AND TRANSPORATION TECHNOLOGIES AMONG PLACES. • POP. CUL. DIFFUSE HEIRARCHICALLY IN “TSC” WITH DIFFUSION HAPPENING THE FASTEST IN COMPRESSED SPACES. • Advances in communications technology, such as phones, radio and television broadcasts, and internet, have further decreased the effects of distance.

  13. DIFFUSION • Related terms include "friction of distance," which describes the force that creates distance decay and Waldo R. Tobler's First law of geography, an informal statement that "All things are related, but near things are more related than far things."

  14. DIFFUSION • Distance decay is also evident in town/city centers. It can refer to:-the number of pedestrians getting further from the center of the Central Business District(CBD),-the street quality decreasing as distance from the center increases,-the quality of shops decreasing as distance from the center increases-the height of buildings decreasing as distance from the center increases-the price of land decreasing as distance from the center increases

  15. Distance decay is a geographical term which describes the effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions. The distance decay effect states that the interaction between two locales declines as the distance between them increases. Once the distance is outside of the two locales activity space their interactions begin to decrease.

  16. A few questions you may ask are: • How far will pedestrians travel to access different types of destinations? • How far will bicyclists travel in order to ride on a bicycle-only facility? • How far do people drive for their common retail needs?

  17. Time-space compression is a term used to describe processes that seem to accelerate the experience of time and reduce the significance of distance during a given historical moment. • Geographer David Harvey, refers to "processes that . . . revolutionize the objective qualities of space and time"

  18. Time-space compression often refers to technologies that seem to accelerate spatial and temporal distances, including technologies of communication (telegraph, telephones, fax machines, Internet) and travel (rail, cars, trains, jets.)

  19. Time-space compression represents an essential facet of contemporary life: • "Today we are entering a space which is speed-space ... This new other time is that of electronic transmission, of high-tech machines, and therefore, man is present in this sort of time, not via his physical presence, but via programming." • Theorist, Paul Virilio

  20. All aspects of pop. Cul. Have a hearth, a place of origin. • Usually contagious and then hierarchical

  21. TEENAGES AND POPULAR CULTURE • THE MERCHANTS OF COOL VIDEO • www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/cool/

  22. HOW CAN LOCAL AND POPULAR CULTURE BE SEEN IN THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE? • CUL. LANDSCAPE, THE VISIBLE HUMAN IMPRINT OF HUMAN ACTIVITY ON THE LANDSCAPE • HOW PEOPLE HAVE CHANGED AND SHAPED ENVIRONMENT • OFTEN RESULTS IN PLACELESSNESS, LOSS OF IDENTITY OR UNIQUENESS OF PLACE IN CUL. LANDSCAPE

  23. THINK • DRIVE ON GEORGIA HIGHWAY 21 OR 17, EFFINGHAM’S MAJOR ROADWAYS. • WHAT IS SEEN? • CONGLOMERATIONS, CLUSTERS • OTHER?

  24. BLENDING CULTURAL LANDSCAPES3 DIMENSIONS • 1. ARCHITICTURE AND CITY PLANNING DIFFUSION • EX., DIFFUSION OF SKYSCRAPER • 2. BUSINESS AND PRODUCT IMPRINTS ON DISTANT PLACES • EX., SIGNS • 3. BORROWING OF LANDSCAPE IMAGES REGARDLESS OF “FIT” • EX., LAS VEGAS STRIP, VENICE; TOWN CENTERS

  25. NORTH AMERICA LATIN AMERICA EUROPE NORTH AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST SUB SAHARAN AFRICA RUSSA, CENTRAL ASIA SOUTH ASIA EAST ASIA SOUTHEAST ASIA AUSTRALIA AND PACIFIC ISLANDS CULTURAL REGIONS

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