Assessing Travel Demand for Exclusive Truck Facilities

1. Assessing Travel Demand for Exclusive Truck Facilities Matthew Roorda, University of Toronto Michael Hain, University of Toronto Glareh Amirjamshidi, University of Toronto Rinaldo Cavalcante, University of Toronto Baher Abdulhai, University of Toronto Clarence Woudsma, University of Waterloo Funding Agencies – Infrastructure Canada – IntelliCan Transportation Systems METRANS National Urban Freight Conference 2009 – Oct 21-23, 2009

2. Presentation Overview • Research Goal and Objectives • Rationale for Exclusive Truck Facilities • Background • Modelling • Preliminary Results

3. Research Goals • Assess the potential for highway lanes that are specifically designated for truck travel • Develop tools and methods for assessing benefits and impacts.

4. Scope and Study Boundaries 65 km 30 km 90 km 160 km

5. Rationale for Exclusive Truck Infrastructure • Mobility • Over 30,000 trucks/day on some segments of Hwy 401 and QEW • Economic value of goods > $1B/day • Safety • Trucks involved in 9% of all vehicle collisions • Collisions involving trucks result in 20% of all fatalities • Productivity (Longer combination vehicles) • Infrastructure Cost (Pavement damage) • Revenue Generation (Tolled truck lanes)

6. Background • Existing Truck Facilities • New Jersey Turnpike dual-dual section • Los Angeles I-5 Truck Bypass Lanes • South Boston Bypass Road • Clarence Henry Truckway, New Orleans

7. Los Angeles I-5 Truck Bypass Lanes • Barrier separated, limited access • Interchange bypass

8. Background • Corridors Recently Studied • Trans Texas Corridor • Metro Atlanta • SR 60 in Southern California • I-4 Crosstown Connector – Tampa • I-710 Truckway LA • I-81 in VA • Dallas

9. Scoring of Toronto Area Freeways for Potential Truck Infrastructure

10. Scen A–Convert 1 lane to exclusive truck lane on Hwy 401

11. 2 ft “soft” buffer Truck Lanes

12. Scen B – Exclusive Truck Lanes in Hydro Corridor

13. Hydro Towers Truck Lanes BRT / LRT Bikeway

14. Modelling Methods Demand and traffic data RegionalOD matrices Demand Modelling in EMME2 (trucks and cars) Ramp-to-rampmatrices Travel times Microscopic Freeway Simulation in Paramics Accessibility Analysis(GIS) Operational performance and safety analysis Development pressure/ land use benefits and disbenefits

15. Demand data • Transportation Tomorrow Survey • MTO Roadside Commercial Vehicle Survey • Region of Peel commercial travel survey • Cordon counts • Loop detector, intersection, Hwy 407 ETR data • Employment data by industry • Land use data • Toronto Regional EMME2 network • Freeway EMME2 network

16. MTO CommercialVehicle Survey Land UseData Region of Peel Commercial Travel Survey Employment Data by Industry TransportationTomorrowSurvey 1) GTA Passenger vehicle OD matrix (expansion factors) 5) GTA Inter-city truck OD matrices (expansion factors) 6) GTAIntra-urban truckOD matrices (Gravity model) Multiclass user equilibrium assignment 2) GTA Passenger Trips 7) GTA Truck Trips GTA EMME2 Road Network

17. GTA EMME2 Road Network

18. MTO CommercialVehicle Survey Land UseData Region of Peel Commercial Travel Survey Employment Data by Industry TransportationTomorrowSurvey 1) GTA Passenger vehicle OD matrix (expansion factors) 5) GTA Inter-city truck OD matrices (expansion factors) 6) GTAIntra-urban truckOD matrices (Gravity model) 8) Adjust model parameters No Multiclass user equilibrium assignment Model screenline volumesmatch cordon counts ? 2) GTA Passenger Trips 7) GTA Truck Trips GTA EMME2 Road Network CordonCounts

19. Calibration – cordon count boundaries

20. MTO CommercialVehicle Survey Land UseData Region of Peel Commercial Travel Survey Employment Data by Industry TransportationTomorrowSurvey 1) GTA Passenger vehicle OD matrix (expansion factors) 5) GTA Inter-city truck OD matrices (expansion factors) 6) GTAIntra-urban truckOD matrices (Gravity model) 8) Adjust model parameters No Multiclass user equilibrium assignment Model screenline volumesmatch cordon counts ? 2) GTA Passenger Trips 7) GTA Truck Trips GTA EMME2 Road Network CordonCounts Yes 3) Initial Ramp-to-Ramp Passenger Vehicle OD Matrix 9) Initial Ramp-to-Ramp TruckOD Matrix 4) Freeway Passenger Trip Assignment 10) Freeway Truck Trip Assignment Freeway EMME2 Road Network

21. Freeway EMME2 road network

22. MTO CommercialVehicle Survey Land UseData Region of Peel Commercial Travel Survey Employment Data by Industry TransportationTomorrowSurvey 1) GTA Passenger vehicle OD matrix (expansion factors) 5) GTA Inter-city truck OD matrices (expansion factors) 6) GTAIntra-urban truckOD matrices (Gravity model) 8) Adjust model parameters No Multiclass user equilibrium assignment Model screenline volumesmatch cordon counts ? 2) GTA Passenger Trips 7) GTA Truck Trips GTA EMME2 Road Network CordonCounts Yes 3) Initial Ramp-to-Ramp Passenger Vehicle OD Matrix 9) Initial Ramp-to-Ramp TruckOD Matrix 11) OD Matrix Update No Model link volumesmatch road counts ? 4) Freeway Passenger Trip Assignment 10) Freeway Truck Trip Assignment Freeway ClassificationCounts Freeway EMME2 Road Network

23. Counts used to calibrate ramp to ramp matrices Ramp counts Loop Detector Counts Cordon counts

24. MTO CommercialVehicle Survey Land UseData Region of Peel Commercial Travel Survey Employment Data by Industry TransportationTomorrowSurvey 1) GTA Passenger vehicle OD matrix (expansion factors) 5) GTA Inter-city truck OD matrices (expansion factors) 6) GTAIntra-urban truckOD matrices (Gravity model) 8) Adjust model parameters No Multiclass user equilibrium assignment Model screenline volumesmatch cordon counts ? 2) GTA Passenger Trips 7) GTA Truck Trips GTA EMME2 Road Network CordonCounts Yes 3) Initial Ramp-to-Ramp Passenger Vehicle OD Matrix 9) Initial Ramp-to-Ramp TruckOD Matrix 11) OD Matrix Update No Model link volumesmatch road counts ? 4) Freeway Passenger Trip Assignment 10) Freeway Truck Trip Assignment Freeway ClassificationCounts Freeway EMME2 Road Network Yes Final Ramp-to-RampPassenger Vehicle OD Matrix Final Ramp-to-RampTruck OD Matrix Inputs to Microscopic Traffic Simulation

25. Microsimulation comparison to freeway counts

26. Some Model Results • Base case • Values of time: $60/hr light trucks; • $120/hr for medium and heavy trucks • A) Convert one lane to exclusive truck lane on Hwy 401 • <5 min (7.5%) additional delay for cars (along Hwy 401) • 13-21 min (22-33%) savings for trucks (along Hwy 401) • 150-750 vph in the truck only lane • B) Exclusive Truck Lanes in Hydro Corridor parallel to Hwy 401 • 1 min (1.5%) savings for cars (along Hwy 401) • 3-10 min (5-15%) savings for trucks (along Hwy 401) • 17-26 min (20-30%) savings for trucks (along Hydro corridor) • 100-800 vph in the exclusive truck lanes

27. Microscopic Traffic Simulation • Refining travel time/speed estimates • Car following, lane changing, queuing • Detailed freeway routing • Conflict Analysis • Rear-end conflicts • Lane-changing conflicts • Merging conflicts

28. Microscopic Traffic Simulation Captured bottlenecks along freeways

29. End!