Infrastructures de recherche en Europe

1. Infrastructures de rechercheen Europe

2. Plan 1. Définitions des infrastructures de recherche 2. Les infrastructures : un facteur déterminant 3. Schémas des programmes 4. Constats

3. Définitions des infrastructures de recherche UE : Infrastructure de recherche se rapporte à des installations et à des ressources qui fournissent à la communauté de recherche des services essentiels, basés sur un ensemble d’équipements, de techniques et de savoir-faire.  Une définition distincte pour les très grandes infrastructures (TGI) et les très grands équipements (TGE).

4. Définitions des infrastructures de recherche Les infrastructures de recherche peuvent être localisées sur un seul site (une ressource unique à un endroit unique) ou distribuées sur des sites multiples (réseau de ressources incluant les infrastructures du type d’architecture de la Grille (Grid-type architectures)) ou encore les infrastructures virtuelles (les services fournis électroniquement).

5. Définitions des infrastructures de recherche Canada : L’infrastructure de recherche est composée de tous les équipements, les édifices et les installations nécessaires au démarrage de travaux de pointe et au développement de hautes technologies  (incluant matériel, spécimens, logiciels, bases de données, liens de communication, installations nécessaires à leur utilisation et à leur entretien, logement). Fondation canadienne pour l’innovation (FCI)

8. Les infrastructures : un facteur déterminant Pour : • L’attractivité de nouveaux chercheurs et la rétention des chercheurs reconnus: pallier à l’exode des cerveaux • La complexité accrue de la recherche: à la fine pointe technologique • La compétitivité de la recherche sur le plan national et international • Le développement de la recherche: un moyen d’augmenter la DIRD par PIB (objectif de 3 %).

9. UNION EUROPEENNE

10. Support for Research Infrastructures in FP5 & FP6 (Mio Euro)

11. TRAINING AND MOBILITY OF RESEARCHERS (1994-1998)  MID-TERM REVIEW OF THE ACCESSTO LARGE-SCALE FACILITIES ACTIVITY • Total budget of 118 Mio€ available. • 92 Mio€ allocated providing access to 116 facilities in 18 different countries • 2 Mio€ dedicated to 10 Concerted Actions (for management coordination and communication with users) • 24 Mio€ to 24 RTD projects (aimed at improving the access at a facility) • On average 2,000 researchers are being supported each year.

12. Key recommendations • Encourage the facilities to widen their user base with a larger geographic and disciplinary spread; • New users by improving publicity and information to the potential user community; • Peer review selection committee at each facility should include independent experts from different parts of Europe; • Concerted Actions should be consolidated and strengthened; • Fund RTD Projects that aim to improve the quantity/quality of the access to facilities and to publicize their results.

13. IMPROVING THE HUMAN POTENTIAL (1998-2002) Implementation of Transnational Access to Research Infrastructures February 2003, P. Papon, Chairman. 182 million € 177 contracts for Transnational Access, 30 Networks 37 RTD.

14. Mars 2002

15. Distribution of users by discipline

16. Distribution of first-time users by classes of infrastructure

17. Duration of stay by users at infrastructures

18. Key recommendations • Improve geographic and disciplinary distribution of countries among users • Specific user training as an objective, but always associated with research • Catalytic role of networks in attracting new users. • « I-3 » of FP6: • Exchange of scientific and technical staff between infrastructures • Coupling between RTD projects and access in FP6 through • Redefinition of • engineering and industrial infrastructures : more research projects, less testing or realisation of prototypes. • purely service facilities, important for some disciplines (as social sciences and humanities for example), on the basis of uniqueness and contribution to research projects with a European dimension.

19. EURAB Recommendations on Research Infrastructures 2003 1. Knowledge,needs and strategy. – periodic inventory survey of all existing RIs of large and mid-size. – periodic survey of the RI needs of the research community – periodic survey of new scientific-technological opportunities for new RIs, 2.ESFRI. 3. Funding and organisation schemes for new infrastructures: – develop advanced European instruments for variable-geometry realisation of RI. – financing models involving loan-based funding, public/private partnerships (EIB) – fields where Europe is or might be in a worldwide leading position should be given high consideration  ITER

20. Survey of European Research Infrastructures • Overall objective: • to identify existing capacity of major Research Infrastructures in Europe and respective trends and developments • The What • existing RI and RI under construction (within the next 2 years) were invited to participate • participating RI should provide essential services, be open to researchers (i.e. provide access to users) and normally represent a total cumulative investment of >20 Mio € • Questionnaire, • made available, through a specific internet portal, to the scientific community and relevant stakeholders • First round: 10 December 2004 - 21 January 2005

21. REPLIES I. II. III. All Reported to be of II. and Total top-level relevance investment for & having clear construction of RI European dimension > 20 Mio € Existing RI 585472 274 RI under construction 157137 60 (within 2 years) Totals: 742609 334

22. Existing RI reported to be of top-level relevance & having a clear European dimension and Total investment for construction of RI > 20 Mio €

23. RI reported to be of top-level relevance & having a clear European dimension and Total investment for construction of RI > 20 Mio €

24. Existing RI reported to be of top-level relevance & having a clear European dimension and Total investment for construction of RI > 20 Mio €

25. Existing RI reported to be of top-level relevance & having a clear European dimension and Total investment for construction of RI > 20 Mio €

26. Existing RI reported to be of top-level relevance & having a clear European dimension and Total investment for construction of RI > 20 Mio €

27. Existing RI reported to be of top-level relevance & having a clear European dimension and Total investment for construction of RI > 20 Mio €

28. The Role of ESFRI • A neutral forum between Member States and the Commission to look at the “chess board of opportunities” under variable geometry conditions. • Information sharing, tracking progress, creating roadmaps, providing advice to the Commission • It is not a decision making body • Restricted scope of analysis (not repeating the remit of other areas of EU activity).

29. Constats • Dans le monde, les pays investissent massivement dans les infrastructures de recherche • Les budgets associés aux infrastructures dans le monde sont en hausse depuis 1999 • La responsabilité du financement des infrastructures de recherche relève, pour la plus grande part, des gouvernements nationaux, (contributions de 40-50 % nationale-locale).