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Wind Energy System

Wind Energy System. By: Andy Brown, Basheer Qattum & Ali Gokal Advisors: Dr. Na & Dr. Huggins. Outline. Introduction Hardware Software Results Future Steps. History of Wind Energy Utilization. ADVANTAGES OF WIND POWER.

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Wind Energy System

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  1. Wind Energy System By: Andy Brown, Basheer Qattum & Ali Gokal Advisors: Dr. Na & Dr. Huggins

  2. Outline • Introduction • Hardware • Software • Results • Future Steps

  3. History of Wind Energy Utilization

  4. ADVANTAGES OF WIND POWER •  Wind is free and with modern technology it can be captured efficiently • Wind does not cause green house gases or other pollutants • Although wind turbines can be very tall each takes up only a small plot of land • Excellent source for remote areas not connected to a grid • Wind turbines have a role to play in both the developed and third world • Available in a range of sizes meaning a vast range of people and businesses can use them • Environmentally Friendly • Economically Competitive

  5. Goals • Output maximum power despite fluctuating wind conditions. • Utilize power electronics to perform conversions • Successfully implement a DSP board to have a greater degree of control over our system to harness optimal energy • To create a system that is applicable with real world industry

  6. Functional Requirements (Hardware) • Shall be able to produce .75 kilowatt but not more then 5 kilowatts • Shall be able to convert wind power to single phase AC power • Must be able to maximize wind power conversion

  7. Wind-Electric Systems • Induction Generators, Directly Connected to the Grid • Doubly-Fed, Wound Rotor Induction Generators • Power Electronics Connected Generator

  8. Top Level Diagram

  9. Functional Description Sub Systems • Generator • Diode Rectifier • Boost Converters • Inverter

  10. Brushless DC Motor Due to complications with size and Lab requirements, PMSG still. Max Current 5.4 A Max Speed 3600 RPM Max Voltage 160 V Max Power 750 W

  11. Brushless DC Motor ɳ=(120*f)/(poles)

  12. Brushless DC Motor

  13. Three-Phase Diode Rectifier Output of DC generator after 3phase diode rectifier w/1.5mF Cap Max Peak Voltage 1600V Max Peak Current 300A Max Current 25A Max Voltage 600V V = I*R Vo=(1.35Vin – VDiode) P = I*V ɳ=(120*f)/(poles) Value of capacitor to ensure clear signal C=(Vp/2*f*Vr) =534μF Therefore we used 1.5mF

  14. Three-Phase Diode Rectifier Vin = 64.0 V Vo = 84.0 V Io = 961 mA Speed = 3000 RPM R = 88Ω P = 80.72W

  15. Three-Phase Diode Rectifier Output of DC generator after 3phase diode rectifier w/o Cap Current DC Voltage Vo = 85.0 V Io = 964 mA Speed = 3000 RPM

  16. Three-Phase Diode Rectifier Output of DC generator after 3phase diode rectifier w/1.5mF Cap DC Voltage 3φ Voltage Vin = 64.0 V Vo = 84.0 V Io = 961 mA Speed = 3000 RPM

  17. Interleaved Boost Converter

  18. Boost Converter Vo=Vin/(1-D), or for more accurate values, Vo= {[(VIn-VIGBT*D)/(1-D)] – VDiode} IGBT: Switching Freq up to 300kHz Max voltage at 600V Max current at 60A

  19. Boost Converter

  20. Gate Driver Most time consuming part of Boost converter

  21. Gate Driver • Gate to emitter (pulse) ±30V • Gate to emitter (cont) ±20V • Max Gate Current ±250uA • Gate driver output +18V • 120/14 VAC-RMS 17.89VDC • Output up too 600V • Current up to 2A • Shutdown mode for protection

  22. Gate Driver

  23. Software

  24. Functional Description

  25. DSP Board - TI TMS320F2812 • PWM Generation • 16-Bit • 16 PWM outputs • 0 V – 3.3 V • ADC • 12-Bit • Analog Input: 0 V - 3 V

  26. Controller Implementation Process SIMULINK DSP CODE COMPOSER

  27. Testing CircuitSingle Channel Boost Converter

  28. SimulationOpen-Loop Controller

  29. Testing CircuitOpen Loop Controller

  30. Testing HardwareOutput Results

  31. Testing HardwareOutput • Duty Cycle: 20% • Input Voltage: 5.00 V • Output Voltage: 6.00 V

  32. Voltage Controller Simulation

  33. Voltage Controller

  34. Voltage ControllerOutput

  35. Voltage-Current ControllerSimulation

  36. Voltage-Current Controller

  37. Boost Converter Controller VS. Interleaved Boost Controller

  38. Interleaved Boost ConverterOpen-Loop Controller

  39. Interleaved Boost ConverterOpen-Loop Controller

  40. Interleaved Boost ConverterOpen-Loop ControllerOutput

  41. Single Phase Inverter Controller • Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation

  42. Unipolar PWM Vout = Vd When T1,T4 is ON Vout=-Vd When T2,T3 is ON Vout=0 When T1,T3 or T2,T4 is ON

  43. Unipolar PWM

  44. LC Filter Magnitude Bode Plot for Second-Order LC Filter

  45. LC Filter • Chose L = .125mH • Yields C = 240uF

  46. Inverter Controller Simulation

  47. Inverter Controller Simulation

  48. Interver Unipolar PWM Controller

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