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Back To The Basics

Back To The Basics . UNIX SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION IBM HP Chris Richards Kris Robertson Systems Engineer Systems Engineer. UNIX SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION. System Performance File System Layout Twists on Popular Commands. System Performance . IBM AIX Resource Allocation Memory Disk

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Back To The Basics

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  1. Back To The Basics UNIX SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION IBM HP Chris Richards Kris Robertson Systems EngineerSystems Engineer

  2. UNIX SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION • System Performance • File System Layout • Twists on Popular Commands

  3. System Performance • IBM AIX • Resource Allocation • Memory • Disk • Processor

  4. System Performance • IBM AIX - Resource Allocation • Memory • lsattr –El sys0 –a realmem –F value 1572864 (divide by 1024) = 1536 MB • lsps –a Page Space Phys Vol Vol Group Size %Used Active Auto Type paging01 hdisk5 rootvg 768MB 43 yes yes lv paging00 hdisk0 rootvg 768MB 43 yes yes lv hd6 hdisk0 rootvg 1264MB 26 yes yes lv

  5. System Performance • IBM AIX - Resource Allocation • Disk • lsdev -Ccdisk hdisk0 Available 10-60-00-8,0 16 Bit SCSI Disk Drive hdisk1 Available 10-60-00-9,0 16 Bit SCSI Disk Drive hdisk2 Available 10-60-00-10,0 16 Bit SCSI Disk Drive hdisk3 Available 10-60-00-11,0 16 Bit SCSI Disk Drive hdisk4 Available 10-60-00-12,0 16 Bit SCSI Disk Drive hdisk5 Available 10-70-00-8,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive hdisk6 Available 10-70-00-10,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive hdisk7 Available 10-70-00-12,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive

  6. System Performance • IBM AIX - Resource Allocation • Disk • lspv • hdisk0 00606423e3ac1c20 rootvg • hdisk1 00606423e32c8095 datavg • hdisk2 00606423c068a36f datavg • hdisk3 00606423e32db123 datavg • hdisk4 00606423e32db5a3 datavg • hdisk5 00606423593ea185 rootvg • hdisk6 0060642310c6084c datavg • hdisk7 006064230b830f92 datavg

  7. System Performance • IBM AIX - Resource Allocation • Processor • lsdev –Ccprocessor proc0 Available 00-00 Processor proc1 Available 00-01 Processor proc2 Available 00-02 Processor proc3 Available 00-03 Processor

  8. System Performance • IBM AIX - Resource Allocation • df –k Filesystem 1024-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on /dev/hd4 65536 17104 74% 4497 14% / /dev/hd2 1073152 120388 89% 33572 13% /usr /dev/hd9var 172032 32256 82% 4092 10% /var /dev/hd3 32768 27484 17% 190 3% /tmp /dev/hd1 827392 73284 92% 33422 17% /home /dev/rd 2064384 945176 55% 24610 5% /rd /dev/db 9732096 858276 92% 1521 1% /db

  9. System Performance • IBM AIX • Monitor Usage: • Vmstat command • Memory and CPU usage • Iostat command • Input/output disk usage

  10. System Performance • IBM AIX - Monitor Usage • vmstat [interval [count]] # vmstat 2 3 kthr memory page faults cpu ----- --------------- -------------------------- --------------- --------------- r b avm fre re pi po fr sr cy in sy cs us sy id wa 0 0 393459 126 0 0 0 15 42 0 181 420 149 6 4 89 1 1 1 393782 172 0 2 49 214 313 0 774 4046 833 5 8 86 2 0 1 393814 224 0 2 11 62 97 0 756 2481 811 9 4 85 2

  11. System Performance • IBM AIX - Monitor Usage • iostat [interval [count]] # iostat 2 3 ty: tin tout avg-cpu: % user % sys % idle % iowait 631.7 6724.1 3.6 5.2 88.9 2.2 Disks: % tm_act Kbps tps Kb_read Kb_wrtn hdisk2 6.5 46.4 9.0 0 93 hdisk3 16.5 201.2 32.0 88 315 hdisk4 5.5 46.4 9.0 0 93 hdisk0 30.5 171.3 30.5 32 311 hdisk1 1.5 6.0 1.5 0 12 cd0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0

  12. System Performance • HP-UX • Resource Allocation: • Memory • dmesg • swapinfo • Disk • ioscan –fnC disk • SAM • Processor • ioscan –fnC processor

  13. System Performance • HP-UX • Memory: • dmesg Memory Information: physical page size = 4096 bytes, logical page size = 4096 bytes physical: 524288 Kbytes, lockable: 364376 Kbytes, available: 422964 Kbytes • If dmesg fails, page through /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log

  14. System Performance • HP-UX • Memory: • swapinfo -mt Mb Mb Mb PCT START/ Mb TYPEAVAILUSEDFREEUSEDLIMITRESERVEPRINAME dev 1024 90 934 9% 0 - 1 swaplv dev 1000 0 1000 0% 0 - 2 swaplv2 reserve - 713 -713 memory 358 219 139 61% total 2382 1022 1360 43% - 0 -

  15. System Performance • HP-UX • Disk • ioscan –fnC disk Class I H/W Path Driver S/W State H/W Type Description ====================================================== disk 0 0/0/1/1.0.0 sdisk CLAIMED DEVICE SEAGATE ST318404LC /dev/dsk/c1t0d0 /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0 disk 3 0/0/2/0.2.0 sdisk CLAIMED DEVICE SEAGATE ST118202LC /dev/dsk/c2t2d0 /dev/rdsk/c2t2d0 disk 4 0/0/2/1.2.0 sdisk CLAIMED DEVICE HP DVD-ROM 32x /dev/dsk/c3t2d0 /dev/rdsk/c3t2d0

  16. System Performance • HP-UX • Disk • SAM / Disks & Filesystems / Disk Devices Hardware Number Volume Total Pathof PathsUseGroupMbytesDescription 0/0/1/1.0.0 1 Unused -- 17366 SEAGATE ST318404LC 0/0/2/0.2.0 1 LVM vg00 17366 SEAGATE ST118202LC 0/0/2/0.3.0 1 LVM vg01 17366 IBM DMVS18D 0/0/2/1.2.0 1 CDFS -- 139 HP DVD-ROM 32x

  17. System Performance • HP-UX • Processor • ioscan –fnC processor Class I H/W Path Driver S/W State H/W Type Description ====================================================== processor 0 160 processor CLAIMED PROCESSOR Processor processor 1 166 processor CLAIMED PROCESSOR Processor

  18. System Performance • HP-UX Command Line • bdf • vgdisplay • lvdisplay

  19. System Performance • HP-UX Command Line • bdf Filesystem kbytesusedavail%usedMounted on /dev/vg00/lvol3 143360 81356 58187 58% / /dev/vg00/lvol1 83733 36922 38437 49% /stand /dev/vg00/lvol7 1024000 492313 498544 50% /var /dev/vg00/lvol6 1024000 689075 314051 69% /usr /dev/vg01/test 10240000 3801802 6237802 38% /test /dev/vg01/rd 4096000 1687084 2258385 43% /rd /dev/vg01/db 3072000 731001 2198515 25% /db

  20. System Performance • HP-UX Command Line • vgdisplay [-v] vg01 ... PE Size (Mbytes) 4 Total PE 17360 Alloc PE 15000 Free PE 2360 … • use -v option to see disk and logical volume details for volume group

  21. System Performance • HP-UX Command Line • lvdisplay [-v] /dev/vg01/db LV Size (Mbytes) 3000 Current LE 750 Allocated PE 750 Stripes 0 Stripe Size (Kbytes) 0 • Use –v option to see details regarding disk layout of logical volume

  22. System Performance • HP-UX • Monitor Usage: • vmstat command • Memory and CPU usage • iostat command • Input/output disk usage • sar -v command • Kernel parameters

  23. System Performance • HP-UX • vmstat [interval [count]] # vmstat 3 2 procs memory page faults cpu r b w avm free re at pi po fr de sr in sy cs us sy id 0 0 0 138582 4968 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 453 335 115 1 0 99 0 0 0 138582 4917 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 446 369 133 1 1 98

  24. System Performance • HP-UX • vmstat [interval [count]] # vmstat 3 2 procs memory page faults cpu ------------ ---------------- --------------------------------- ---------------- ----------- r b w avm free re at pi po fr de sr in sy cs us sy id 0 0 0 138582 4968 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 453 335 115 1 0 99 0 0 0 138582 4917 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 446 369 133 1 1 98

  25. System Performance • HP-UX • iostat [interval [count]] # iostat 3 2 device bps sps msps c1t2d0 481 62.0 1.0 c5t0d0 568 71.8 1.0 c5t1d0 650 79.9 1.0 c5t2d0 622 76.5 1.0 c5t8d0 401 48.0 1.0

  26. System Performance • HP-UX • sar -v [interval [count]] # sar -v 3 2 14:08:17 text-sz ov proc-sz ov inod-sz ov file-sz ov 14:08:20 N/A N/A 118/2000 0 1064/9000 0 14065/18000 0 14:08:23 N/A N/A 118/2000 0 1064/9000 0 14063/18000 0 • file-sz correlates to nfile kernel parameter and is a hard limit

  27. System Performance • IBM AIX/HP-UX • Sizing your system: • Memory • ((5 * #chui) + (10 * #gui) + Dbbuffers + (17 * #app)) * 1.25%os • Dbbuffers = greater of 100MB or existing -B • Processor • 75 users per processor • Disks • 35 to 40 users per spindle

  28. File System Layout • SX.e Application • /rd filesystem • /db filesystem

  29. File System Layout • SX.e Application • /rd filesystem ./bin ./marc ./src ./dlc ./cust ./tmp ./exec ./install

  30. File System Layout • SX.e DataBase • /db filesystem • Databases • Sort space

  31. Twists On Popular Commands • Basic Unix Commands (AIX/HP-UX) • Who command • Whence, which, type command • List Command • ls, ls –lt, ls –ld, ls -la

  32. Twists On Popular Commands • Basic Unix Commands (AIX/HP-UX) • Who command • -b . system boot Aug 27 05:55 • -u kbaker pts/438 Sep 04 08:15 0:07 244818 (kbaker.nxtrend.c) aluciani pts/439 Sep 04 08:15 . 300126 (adenison.nxtrend) crichard pts/303 Sep 04 11:59 . 80342 (crichard.nxtrend) crichard pts/395 Sep 04 11:59 2:51 272704 • whoami • who am I

  33. Twists On Popular Commands • Basic Unix Commands (AIX/HP-UX) • Whence, Which, Type Command • First, what is your path: echo $PATH /usr/bin:/bin:/etc:/usr/vsifax3/bin:/home/crichard/bin:/rd/bin:/usr/bin/custom:/usr/bin/adm:/etc:/usr/sbin/usr/ucb:/home/crichard/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/sbin:. • type sxe sxe is /rd/bin/sxe • which sxe /rd/bin/sxe

  34. Twists On Popular Commands • Basic Unix Commands (AIX/HP-UX) • list command # ls -lt -rw-r--r-- 1 crichard staff 2199 Aug 28 11:43 smit.log -rwxr-xr-x 1 crichard staff 340 Aug 22 11:06 nxtedit drwxr-xr-x 2 crichard staff 512 Aug 21 10:18 testlink -r--r--r-- 1 crichard staff 8693 Aug 18 07:33 backup.full -r--r--r-- 1 crichard staff 8462 Aug 18 07:33 backup.data -rwxr--r-- 1 crichard staff 117 Aug 14 08:31 ping.xml -rwxrwxrwx 1 crichard staff 201 Jul 26 10:57 smoo

  35. Twists On Popular Commands • Basic Unix Commands (AIX/HP-UX) • list command • ls –ld drwxrwxrwx 12 crichard staff 2560 Aug 22 11:06 . • ls –ld testlink drwxr-xr-x 2 crichard staff 512 Aug 21 10:18 testlink • ls –la drwxrwxrwx 12 crichard staff 2560 Aug 22 11:06 . drwxr-xr-x 562 root bin 1264 Aug 19 13:59 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 crichard staff 5 Apr 26 15:18 .UAP -rw-r--r-- 1 crichard system 710 Mar 17 09:20 .facet -rw-r--r-- 1 crichard system 601 Mar 21 11:36 .profile

  36. Back To The Basics This has been a presentation of the Kris and Chris show. Thanks for watching and stay tuned for more exciting programming. QUESTIONS ? ? ?

  37. Back To The Basics UNIX SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION IBM HP Chris Richards Kris Robertson Systems Engineer Systems Engineer

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