1 / 18

The Precarious World: Young Adults' Experience in Post-Socialist Russia

This study explores the concept of precariousness among young adults in Russia, focusing on the challenges faced by those with higher education. It delves into the dynamic instability of employment relationships and the variety of precarious situations experienced by individuals in modern societies. The research examines the specifics of employment relationships in Russia, highlighting non-traditional forms of survival and the growing diversity of conditions in the labor market. Using the Consensual Qualitative Research method, the study identifies core ideas and categories related to the respondents' experiences of precariousness. The results reveal a range of mindsets and categories that reflect the struggles and adaptations of young workers with higher education in precarious situations.

josephalvarado
Download Presentation

The Precarious World: Young Adults' Experience in Post-Socialist Russia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. PRECARIOUSNESS IN RUSSIA: Experience of Young Adults with Higher Education Gasiukova E., Korotaev S. Laboratory for Comparative Analysis of Post-Socialist Development National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  2. New Precarious World Increasing employment instability in modern societies (Standing, 2011; Vosko, 2006; Savage et al., 2013; McKay, Jefferys, Paraksevopoulou & Keles, 2012); New career trajectories and norms: transformation of employment relationships (Kalleberg, 2013; Cappelli, 1995), changing professional pathways (Fournier & Bujold, 2005), social context of instability and uncertainty (Bauman, 2001; Beck, 1992); Variety of professional groups with different qualifications are in precarious situation (Chan, 2013; Standing, 2014); фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  3. Precariousness Concept Precariousness Concept refers to the idea of dynamic instability of an individual’s situation, a willingness to take a position that is hard to maintain under the constant risk of falling down and a necessity to “juggle” resources: to sacrifice one things (for instance, material well-being) for others (like increasing human capital). Precariousness can be defined as a state, when in a relatively long period a person does not enter permanent labor relations, but instead resorts to unstable labor market positions with unstable incomes whose middle size approximately corresponds to the cost of maintaining the accustomed lifestyle. фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  4. Specifics of Employment Relationships in Russia The situation in Russia in the 1990s may named as an exaggerated version of precarious employment in Western countries (Standing, 2013); The appearance of numerous non-traditional forms of survival: shutter trading (Eder, Yakovlev & Çarkoglu, 2003, Yakovlev, Golikova, & Kapralova, 2007), seasonal work (Plusnin, Zausaeva, Zhidkevich, & Pozanenko, 2015; Shabanova, 1993), and personal subsidiary plots (Plusnin, 2000; Bessokirnaya, 2002); The growing diversity of conditions and forms of employment has become one of the key characteristics of the Russian labor market (Gimpelson & Kapelyushnikov , 2006); The spreading of non-standard and informal employment is one form of adaptation to the fluctuating market conditions (Popova, 2008). фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  5. Object & Sampling of the Study Object: Russian young workers with higher professional education who are in precarious situation and live in larger cities Sampling: 10 respondents who/whose • do not have a stable job (change jobs more than once a year; do project work; look for jobs for a long period of time or provide themselves by means of temporary jobs); • are engaged in skilled work that requires theoretical knowledge, experience and necessary training; • have higher education; • income flows are unstable and vary; • respondents’ age is 25 to 37, work experience 5+ years; • live in big Russian cities and metropolitan areas (Moscow, Saint-Petersburg, Samara). фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  6. Respondents фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  7. Methodology • The method of CQR (Consensual Qualitative Research) is applied (Hill, Thompson, & Williams, 1997; Hill, Knox, Thompson, Williams, & Hess, 2005; Hill, 2012). • At the first stage of analysis, standalone topic areas - domains - are singled out; • The second stage consists of distinguishing - core ideas - inside each domain for each respondent. It is a summary of the content of each domain for a given case; • The final stage is interview cross-analysis. All 10 (according to the number of respondents) core ideas inside each domain are discussed by the authors and placed into categories. Thenthe number of interviews including each of the categories is counted. фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  8. Consensual Qualitative Research фото фото category 1 category 2 category 3 фото category 4 фото category 5 фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  9. Results фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  10. Results фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  11. Results 3 general, 16 typical and 26 variant categories were singled out (domain – Mindsets) Unwillingness to perform routine and tightly regulated work ...huge book, that specified the time of clocking in and out, the lunch time, the time for smoking breaks and almost even the number of times you can go to the bathroom. Then the clothes that employees are not allowed to wear at a workplace. I didn’t understand what was going on (domain – Career tactics) Choosing an interesting job I just need to like what I am doing. In that case, I start to work more and better, I make a difference, and the salary and schedule become less important фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  12. Results (domain – Precarious work) Sufficient time for family and leisure I don’t like and don’t seek to work long hours. When a new project starts I can keep a month or a week without sleeping, but I don’t want to live like that my entire life. This is not a success if I have to do that all the time (domain – Mindsets) Responsibility for one’s own life I think the only person who is responsible for my future pension is me (...) I think this support [social security] is needed only by those who are so infantile they cannot take care of themselves (domain – Social Environment) Social environment is the same I have a couple of friends who are also freelancers. They are just like me. They are so tired of sitting in the office... фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  13. Results (domain – Career tactics) Short-term planning I’d like to have something like what I have now, as far as the job is concerned, but how it can be done, I don’t know. The project will be completed and I don’t know what will follow Networking I have always found jobs via friends. I made a post on Facebook and a friend told me they had a new job opening. It has always been personal connections. I’ve never been hired from outside фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  14. Results (domain – Hard factors) Availability of resources and lack of burdens Without family’s support it is impossible to live in Moscow and rent a flat (domain – Career tactics) Involuntary & menial side jobs I’m thinking of working somewhere for a salary, to fix my budget. After the move, all the money was spent on renovations. I need money to rent an office фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  15. Venues for future research • Taking into account not just young workers; • Control occupational homogeneity; • Bear in mind the importance of parents’ resources, such as housing and financial support; фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  16. 20, Myasnitskaya str., Moscow, Russia, 101000 Tel.: +7 (495) 628-8829, Fax: +7 (495) 628-7931 www.hse.ru

  17. References • Bauman, Z. (2001). The Individualized Society. Cambridge: Polity. • Beck, U. (1992). Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. London: Sage. • Bessokirnaya, G. P. (2002). Strategii vyzhivaniya gorozhan i ikh sotsial'nye posledstviya. In T. M. Karakhanova (Ed.) Obraz zhizni gorozhan v ob"ektivnykh i sub"ektivnykh pokazatelyakh. Moscow: Izd-vo In-ta sotsiologii RAN. • Cappelli, P. (1995). Rethinking employment. British journal of industrial relations, 33(4), 563–602. • Chan, S. (2013). ‘I am King’: Financialisation and the paradox of precarious work. The Economic and Labour Relations Review, 24(3), 362-379. • Fournier G. & Bujold, C. (2005). Nonstandard Career Trajectories and Their Various Forms. Journal of Career Assessment, 13(4), 415–438. • Gimpelson, V.E., Kapelyushnikov, R.I. (2006). Nestandartnaya zanyatost' v rossiiskoi ekonomike. Moscow: Izdatel'skii dom GU VShE. • Hill, C, Thompson, B, & Williams, E. (1997). A guide to conducting consensual qualitative research. The counseling psychologist, 25(4), 517–72. • Hill, C., Knox, S., Thompson, B. J., Williams E. N., & Hess S.A. (2005). Consensual qualitative research: An update. Journal of counseling psychology, 52(2), 196-205. • Hill, C.E. (Ed.). (2012). Consensual Qualitative Research: A Practical Resource for Investigating Social Science Phenomena Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. • Kalleberg, A. L. (2013). Globalization and Precarious Work. Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews, 42(5), 700–706. • McKay, S., Jefferys, S., Paraksevopoulou, A., & Keles, J. (2012). Study on Precarious Work and Social Rights. London: Working Lives Research Institute, London Metropolitan University. фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

  18. References • Plusnin, J., Zausaeva, Y., Zhidkevich, N., & Pozanenko, A. (2015). Wandering Workers. Mores, Behavior, Way of Life, and Political Status of Domestic Russian Labor Migrants. Stuttgart: ibidem-Verlag. • Plusnin, J.M. (2000). Malye goroda Rossii. Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskoe povedenie domokhozyaistv, tsennostnye ustanovki i psikhologicheskoe sostoyanie naseleniya v 1999 g. Vyp. 27. Moscow: Moskovskii obshchestvennyi nauchnyi fond. • Popova, I.P. (2008). Samostoyatel'nost' v rabote: tendentsii desyatiletiya. Mir Rossii. 17(4), 135-151. • Savage, М., Devine, F., Cunningham, N., Taylor, M., Li, Y., Hjellbrekke, J., Le Roux, B., Friedman, S., & Miles, A. (2013). A New Model of Social Class? Findings from the BBC’s Great British Class Survey Experiment. Sociology, 47(2), 219–250. • Shabanova, M.A. (1993). Migratory Work Today As a Sociocultural Phenomenon. Sociological Research, 32(3), 71-85. • Standing, G. (2011). The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class. London, New York: Bloomsbury Academic. • Standing, G. (2013). Why zero-hours contracts remind me of the horrors of 1990s Russia. The Guardian. 9 April. • Standing, G. (2014). Understanding the precariat through labour and work. Development and change, 45(5), 963-980. • Vosko, L.F. (Ed). (2006). Precarious employment. Understanding Labour Market In security in Canada. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press. • Yakovlev, A. A., Golikova, V. V., & Kapralova, N. L. (2007). Rossiiskie «chelnoki» – ot predprinimatelei ponevole k integratsii v rynochnoe khozyaistvo. Mir Rossii, 2, 84-106. фото фото фото National Research University Higher School of Economics 2017

More Related